Ngā Akoranga Ahupūngao Taketake

Te whakamāramatanga o te pūnga pereti whakarara

Ko te pūnga pereti whakarara he pūnga e rua ngā pereti arataki whakarara, he rite te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga o ia pereti (A) me ngā pereti e rua e wehea ana e tētahi tawhiti (d), e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i te taha maui. Ko tētahi o ngā pereti arataki he utu pai (+Q) ko tētahi atu pereti arataki he utu kino (-Q), ko te nui o utu hiko He ōrite te nui o ia pereti. Kia kore ai te utu e neke ki te ngota hau, ka wehea te pūnga i te taiao, ā, i waenganui i ngā pereti e rua, he korehau.

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He tuhinga mō Te ture a Kepler

Kei te maumahara tonu koe ki ngā maharatanga o te ekenga tuatahi i tētahi motuka? I roto i tētahi motuka e neke ana, ka kite koe me te mea kei te neke tētahi rākau, tētahi whare rānei. I taua wā, tera pea ka whakaaro koe kei te neke ngā rākau, ngā whare rānei, i a koe e okioki ana me te motuka. Inaa, kei te neke koe me te motuka, i a koe e okioki ana me ngā rākau, ngā whare rānei. Ka wheakohia tēnei wheako o te nekehanga rūpahu i ia rā. I ia ata, ka "putanga o te rā" i te pae rawhiti, kātahi ka neke ki te hauauru, ā, ka "tō" ki te pae hauauru i te ahiahi.

Waihoki, i te pō, ka kite pinepine koe i te marama e neke ana mai i te rawhiti ki te hauauru. Kua whakaaro koe, kua whakapae rānei koe i te neke haere o te rā me te marama i te whenua, i te wā e okioki ana te whenua?

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He tuhinga mō te Wā o te Kaha

1. Ringa rīpene

Arotakehia tētahi mea e hurihuri ana, pērā i te tatau o tētahi rūma. Ina whakatuwheratia, ina kati rānei te tatau, ka hurihuri te tatau. Ko ngā inihi e hono ana i te tatau ki te pakitara te tuaka hurihuri.

Ka kitea te ahua o te tatau mai i runga. Arotakehia tētahi tauira i panaia ai te tatau e ngā kaha e rua e rite ana te rahi me te ahunga, ko te ahunga o te kaha he poutū ki te tatau. I te tuatahi, ka panaia te tatau ki te kaha o F.₁, r₁ mai i te tuaka hurihuri. Muri iho, ka panaia te tatau ki te kaha o F₂, r₂ atu i te tuaka hurihuri. Ahakoa te rahi me te ahunga o te kaha F₁ =F₂, te kaha o F₂ ka tere ake te hurihuri o te tatau i te kaha o F₁. Arā, ko te kaha o F₂ ka nui ake te whakaterenga koki i te kaha o F₁Ka taea e koe te whakaatu i tēnei.

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He tuhinga mō te ture tuarua a Newton mō te nekehanga hurihuri

4.1 Te whanaungatanga i waenga i te au o te kaha, te au o te korekore, me te whakaterenga koki

Mena he kaha hua (ΣF) e pā ana ki tētahi mea he papatipu (m) tōna, ka neke te mea i runga i te rārangi me tētahi whakaterenga (a). Ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te kaha hua, te papatipu, me te whakaterenga ka whakaaturia e te whārite:

Σ F = ma

Koinei te whārite o te ture tuarua a Newton .

Ko ngā rahinga o te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te kaha hua (ΣF) i roto i te nekehanga rārangi ko te iahiko hua o te kaha (Στ). Ko ngā rahinga o te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te papatipu (m) i roto i te nekehanga rārangi ko ngā iahiko o te korekore (I). Ko ngā rahinga o te nekehanga hurihuri e ōrite ana ki te whakaterenga (a) i roto i te nekehanga rārangi ko te whakaterenga koki (α).

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1. Te Whakamāramatanga o te Tuhinga o mua

He maha ngā matūriki o te tinana pakari; nō reira, ka pā te kaha ā-papa ki ia matūriki. Arā, he taumaha tō ia matūriki. Ko te pokapū o te taumaha o tētahi mea he pūwāhi kei runga i te mea e kiia ana ko te taumaha o ngā wāhanga katoa o te mea kei waenganui i taua pūwāhi.

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He tuhinga mō ngā momo taurite o te tinana pakari

Ehara i te mea ka okioki tonu ngā mea katoa e kitea ana e tātou i ia rā. Tērā pea ka okioki te mea i te tīmatanga, engari ki te nekehia (hei tauira, e te hau) ka taea e ngā mea te neke. Ko te raruraru, i muri i te nekenga, ka hoki anō ngā mea ki tō rātou tūranga taketake, kāore rānei. Kei te momo taurite o te mea tēnei. I muri i te nekenga, e toru ngā mea ka taea, arā:

(1) ka hoki te mea ki tōna tūranga taketake,

(2) ka neke atu te mea i tōna tūranga taketake,

(3) ka noho tonu te mea ki tōna tūranga hou.

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He tuhinga mō te taurite o te tinana mārō

1. Te tūnga tuatahi

E ai ki te Ture Tuarua o Newton, mēnā ehara te kaha hua i runga i tētahi mea (he mea e kiia ana he matūriki kotahi) i te kore,

kātahi ka neke te mea me te whakaterenga pumau, ko te ahunga o te nekehanga o te mea = te ahunga o te kaha katoa. Mena he kore te kaha hua, kei te okioki te mea, kei te neke rānei i te tere pumau.

ΣF = ma

Ina noho okioki te mea, ina neke rānei i te tere pumau, kāore he whakaterenga (a) o te mea. Nā te mea ko te whakaterenga (a) = 0, ka huri te whārite i runga ake nei ki:

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He tuhinga mō te Ngā puna raupapa me ngā puna whakarara

1. Ngā puna raupapa

Mena ka honoa te puna i roto i te raupapa, pērā i te ahua kei te taha, ka:

1. Ko te pikinga o te roa o te puna = te pikinga o te roa 1 + te pikinga o te roa 2

Δy = Δy1 + Δy1_​​​_​

2. Ko te kaha e pāngia ana e te puna ōrite = te kaha e pāngia ana e te puna 1 = te kaha e pāngia ana e te puna 2

Fs = _F1 = _F2​

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1. Te ture a Hooke mō ngā puna

Ki te tōia te puna ki te taha matau, ka totoro te puna, ka roa ake (pikitia 1). Ki te kore e nui te kaha kukume, ka kitea ko te pikinga o te roa o te puna (Δx) he rite ki te rahi o te kaha kukume (F). Ara, ko te nui ake o te kaha kukume, ko te roa ake o te puna. He pumau te whakataurite i te rahi o te kaha kukume (F) me te pikinga o te roa o te puna (Δx).

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Te whakamāramatanga o te ture a Ohm

I roto i te nuinga o ngā ara iahiko whakarewa, he rite te āpure hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko, ina he pumau te ōwehenga o te āpure hiko ki te mātotoru o te iahiko hiko. Ka whakaaturia mā te pāngarau mā te whārite:

ρ = E / J

E = papa hiko , ρ = ātete , J = kiato iahiko

Ka kiia te pūmau ρ he ātete, he pūmau tōna uara, ā, kāore e whakawhirinaki ki te papa hiko e puta ai te iahiko.

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