Pendahuluan
Ko te matū matomato, e kiia ana ko te matū hoa-taiao, he mara matū e tipu haere ana e hoahoa ana i ngā hua me ngā tukanga matū hei whakaiti, hei whakakore rānei i te whakamahinga me te whakaputanga o ngā matū kino. Ko te whāinga o te matū matomato he ārai i te parahanga mai i tōna pūtake me te waihanga i ngā huarahi haumaru ake mō te tangata me te taiao. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te whakamāramatanga o te matū matomato, ōna mātāpono taketake, me te hiranga o tōna whakamahinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga.
Te Mārama ki te Matū Kakariki
Ko te matū matomato te whakamāramatanga me te ako i ngā mahi matū e whai ana ki te whakaiti, ki te whakakore rānei i te whakamahinga me te whakaputanga o ngā matū kino. I whakaurua tuatahitia te ariā e Paul Anastas rāua ko John Warner i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1990, ā, i muri mai ka whakatakotohia e rāua ngā mātāpono 12 o te matū matomato hei aratohu mō te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau me ngā tukanga matū e pai ake ana ki te taiao. Ko ngā whāinga matua o te matū matomato ko te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga rauemi me te pūngao, te whakaiti i ngā para me ngā tukunga, me te whakarite i te haumaru o te tangata me te taiao.
12 Ngā Mātāpono o te Matū Kakariki
I titoa e Paul Anastas rāua ko John Warner ngā mātāpono tekau mā rua o te matū matomato, hei aratohu mā ngā kaipūtaiao matū me ngā miihini ki te whakawhanake i ngā tukanga me ngā hua e pai ake ana ki te taiao. Anei tētahi whakamārama poto mō ia mātāpono:
- Te Ārai i ngā ParaHe pai ake te ārai i te para i te horoi me te tukatuka i muri i tōna hanganga.
- Hoahoa Hanga HaumaruMe hoahoa te tikanga hanga hei whakamahi me te whakaputa i ngā matū he iti, he kore rānei he paitini ki te tangata me te taiao.
- Hoahoa Hua Matū HaumaruMe hoahoa ngā hua matū kia tutuki ai te mahi e hiahiatia ana, me te whakaiti hoki i te paitini.
- Te Whakamahinga o ngā Rauemi Mata Ka taea te WhakahouMe ahu mai ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana i ngā rauemi ka taea te whakahou i ngā wā katoa e taea ai.
- Te Whakamahinga o ngā WhakakōkīHe pai ake te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakakōkī (kia tino whai hua) i ngā tauhohenga stoichiometric hei whakaiti i te nui o ngā rauemi e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tauhohenga.
- Te Ārai i te WhakakorengaMe karo i ngā momo whakarerekētanga koretake (te whakamahi i ngā rōpū tiaki, te tiaki/whakakore tiaki, me ētahi atu) mēnā ka taea, nā te mea me whakamahi ētahi atu matū hei hanga i ēnei mahi, ā, ka nui ake te para.
- Te Whakamahinga o ngā Whakarewa Haumaru me ngā Āhuatanga TauhohengaMe haumaru, me pai hoki ki te taiao ngā whakarewa me ngā tikanga tauhohenga e whakamahia ana.
- Te Whai Hua o te PūngaoMe whakaiti e ngā tukanga matū te hiahia mō te pūngao hei whakaiti i ngā pānga ki te taiao me ngā utu whakahaere.
- Te Whakamahinga o ngā Rauemi WhakahouMe ahu mai ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana i ngā rauemi ka taea te whakahou i ngā wā katoa e taea ai.
- Te Whakaiti i te WhakaputaMe whakaiti i ngā tukanga tāpiri e hiahia ana ki te tango i ngā momo ira, te whakamahi rānei i ngā rōpū tiaki.
- Hoahoa mō te WhakahekengaMe hoahoa ngā hua matū kia pirau hei matū kore kino i roto i te taiao.
- Tātari Wā-tūturu mō te Ārai i te ParahangaMe whakawhanake ngā tikanga tātari hei aroturuki me te whakahaere i te tukanga i te wā tonu hei ārai i te hanganga o ngā matū morearea.
Te Hiranga o te Matū Kakariki
He mea nui te matū matomato ki ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga tangata me te taiao. Anei ētahi take he mea nui te matū matomato:
- Te Tiaki TaiaoMā te whakaiti, te whakakore rānei i te whakamahinga me te whakaputanga o ngā matū kino, ka āwhina te matū matomato ki te whakaiti i te parahanga o te hau, te wai, me te oneone. He mea nui tēnei mō te pupuri i te kounga o te taiao me te hauora o te rauropi.
- Hauora TangataHe maha ngā matū e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi me ngā hua o ia rā ka tūpono he mōrearea ki te hauora. E whai ana te matū matomato ki te whakakapi i ēnei matū morearea ki ētahi atu mea haumaru ake, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā mōrearea hauora pēnei i te mate pukupuku, ngā mate manawa, me ētahi atu mate.
- Te Oranga TonuMā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi mata ka taea te whakahou me te whakapiki i te whai huatanga o te pūngao, ka tautoko te matū matomato i te pumau mō te wā roa. He mea nui tēnei hei whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā rauemi taiao kāore e taea te whakahou me te whakaiti i te pānga o te huringa āhuarangi.
- Te Whai Huatanga ŌhangaMā ngā tukanga matū whai hua ake, ā, he pai ake hoki mō te taiao, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere me te para, ā, ka piki ake te hua ōhanga mō te umanga. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mata ka taea te whakahou ake ka taea te whakaiti i te piki haere o ngā utu me te whakawhirinaki ki ngā rauemi iti.
- Auahatanga me te HangarauMā te matū matomato ka akiaki i te auahatanga i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau me ngā hua hou, e pai ake ana ki te taiao. Ka huaki ake ngā whai wāhitanga mō te umanga ki te whakawhanake i ngā otinga pumau, whakataetae hoki i te mākete o te ao.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Whakamahinga Matū Kakariki
Ka taea te whakamahi i te matū matomato i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā ahumahi me ngā tukanga, anei ētahi tauira:
- Ahumahi RongoāMā te whakawhanake i ngā rongoā mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga hanga matū whai hua ake, ā, he pai ake hoki mō te taiao, ka taea te whakaiti i te para me te whakamahinga o ngā matū kino. Hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i ngā whakakorikori whai hua ake, me te karo i te whakaputanga matū kore e hiahiatia.
- Ahumahi KimiaTe whakamahinga o ngā rauemi mata ka taea te whakahou, pērā i te koiora, hei whakaputa i ngā matū taketake me ngā hua whakamutunga. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki te hinu me te tapuwae waro.
- Te Horoi TaiaoTe whakamahinga o ngā hangarau matū matomato mō te whakaora taiao, pērā i te whakaora koiora mā te whakamahi i ngā moroiti hei horoi i te oneone poke.
- Ngā Hua KaihokoTe whakawhanake i ngā hua o te whare, ngā mea whakapaipai, me ngā hua tiaki whaiaro e whakamahi ana i ngā kai taiao me ngā kai e pai ana ki te taiao. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea hauora me ngā pānga ki te taiao.
- Pūngao whakahouTe whakamahinga o ngā tukanga matū matomato i roto i te whakaputanga o te pūngao hou, pērā i te wahie koiora, ka taea te whakakapi i ngā wahie pūmua me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi.
Ngā Wero me ngā Huarahi
Ahakoa he maha ngā painga o te matū matomato, he maha ngā wero me wikitoria kia whānuitia ai tōna whakatinanatanga:
- Ngā Utu Tuatahi me te PūteaHe maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana he haumitanga nui i te tīmatanga hei whakawhanake i ngā hangarau me ngā tukanga matū matomato. Heoi, ko ngā painga mō te wā roa pēnei i te whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere me te pānga ki te taiao ka nui ake ngā hua ōhanga.
- Ngā Huringa i roto i ngā Ture me ngā Kaupapa HereKa taea te whakateretere i te whakaurunga o te matū matomato mā te tautoko i ngā ture me ngā kaupapa here a te kāwanatanga e whakatenatena ana i ngā mahi e pai ana ki te taiao, ā, e whakarato ana hoki i ngā whakatenatena mō ngā umanga ki te whakauru i ngā hangarau matomato.
- Mātauranga me te MāramatangaHe mea nui te whakapiki i te mōhiotanga me te māramatanga ki te hiranga o te matū matomato i waenga i te marea, te umanga me ngā kaihanga kaupapa here hei whakatenatena i te tango i ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao.
- Rangahau me te AuahatangaMe whakangao ki te rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā hangarau matū matomato hei waihanga i ngā otinga auaha ka taea te whakatinana whānui puta noa i ngā rāngai ahumahi.
Whakamutunga
He huarahi nui te matū matomato ki te waihanga i ngā tukanga me ngā hua matū haumaru ake, whai hua ake, me te pai ki te taiao. Mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono o te matū matomato, ka taea e tātou te tiaki i te taiao, te whakapai ake i te hauora o te tangata, me te tautoko i te pumau mō te wā roa. Ahakoa he wero kei roto i tōna whakatinanatanga, he nui ngā whai wāhitanga e tukuna ana e te matū matomato mō te auahatanga me ngā painga ōhanga. He mea nui te mahi tahi a te kāwanatanga, te ahumahi, te ao mātauranga, me te hapori kia tutuki ai te pūmanawa katoa o te matū matomato me te waihanga i tētahi heke mai pumau ake.
