Aratau me te Waenga: Whakamārama me te Whakamahinga i roto i ngā Tatauranga
Ko te tatauranga he peka o te pāngarau e pā ana ki te kohikohi, te tātari, te whakamārama, te whakaaturanga, me te whakarite i ngā raraunga. I roto i ngā tatauranga, ka whakamahia ngā momo inenga o te marara me ngā whakatau matua o ngā raraunga hei tātari me te mārama ki a rātou. Ko ngā mea tino taketake me ngā mea nui ko te aratau me te tau waenga. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga he aha te aratau me te tau waenga, me pēhea te tatau i a rātou, me tō rātou hiranga i roto i te tātari raraunga.
He aha te Aratau?
Ko te aratau te uara e puta pinepine ana i roto i tētahi huinga raraunga. I roto i te tikanga hangarau, ko te aratau te uara, te kāwai rānei e nui rawa ana te auau i roto i tētahi tohatoha raraunga. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā aratau mō ngā raraunga kāwai, raupapa, wā, me te ōwehenga. He rerekē ki te toharite me te tau waenga, kāore te aratau i te ahurei i ngā wā katoa. I ētahi wā, ka nui atu i te kotahi te aratau o ngā raraunga (bimodal, multimodal rānei) kāore rānei he aratau mēnā he ōrite te auau o ngā uara katoa.
Me pēhea te tatau i te aratau
He tino māmā te tatau i te aratau. Me tautuhi noa koe i te uara e puta pinepine ana i roto i ngā raraunga. Anei tētahi tauira māmā:
Me kī tātou kei a tātou te huinga raraunga e whai ake nei: 3, 7, 5, 9, 7, 6, 7, 2.
I roto i tēnei huinga raraunga, e toru ngā wā e puta mai ai te uara 7, he nui ake i tētahi atu uara. Nō reira, ko te aratau o tēnei huinga raraunga ko te 7.
Mō ngā raraunga uaua ake, ngā raraunga kāwai rānei, me whakarite pea e koe ngā auau o ia uara kia māmā ake ai te tautuhi.
Tauira o ngā Raraunga Kāwai:
I whakahaerehia he rangahau hei kimi i ngā tae o ngā motuka e tino paingia ana: Whero, Kikorangi, Mangu, Mā, Mangu, Kikorangi, Kikorangi.
I tēnei tauira:
– Ka puta te whero kotahi te wā
– E toru ngā wā ka puta mai te kikorangi
– E rua ngā wā ka puta te pango
– Kotahi te putanga mai o te mā
Ko te aratau o tēnei raraunga he Kikorangi, nā te mea koinei te tae e whakahuatia pinepinetia ana (3 ngā wā).
Ina Kāore te Aratau i te Ahurei, i te Kāore rānei i te Tīariari
I ētahi wā, ka nui atu i te kotahi te aratau o ngā raraunga, ka kore rānei he aratau o te katoa. Hei tauira:
Waenga-rua, Waenga-maha rānei:
Huinga Raraunga: 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7
I tēnei tauira, ka puta rua ngā uara 4, 5, me te 6. Nō reira, he maha ngā momo o tēnei huinga raraunga, ā, ko ngā momo o te 4, 5, me te 6.
Kore Aratau:
Huinga Raraunga: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Kotahi noa te putanga mai o ia uara, nō reira kāore he aratau i roto i tēnei huinga raraunga.
He aha te Median?
Ko te tau waenga te uara waenga i roto i tētahi huinga raraunga kua whakarōpūtia. Ka wehea te huinga raraunga kia rua ngā wāhanga ōrite, ko te haurua o ngā uara kei raro iho i te tau waenga, ko te haurua kei runga ake i te tau waenga. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te tau waenga nā te mea kāore e pāngia e ngā uara tino nui, e ngā mea rerekē rānei pērā i te tau toharite, ā, ka pai ake te tohu i te pokapū o te tohatoha raraunga ina nui ngā peka o ngā raraunga.
Me pēhea te tatau i te waenga
Ko ngā mahi hei tatau i te tau waenga koia ēnei:
1. Whakarōpūtia ngā raraunga kia piki ake.
2. Mena he tauhou te maha o ngā raraunga (N), ko te tau waenga te uara kei waenganui.
3. Mena he taurite te maha o ngā raraunga (N), ko te tau waenga ko te toharite o ngā uara e rua kei waenganui.
Tauira:
Huinga Raraunga me te Tau Taukehe:
Huinga Raraunga: 3, 7, 5, 9, 6
Whakarōpūtia: 3, 5, 6, 7, 9
Waenga: 6 (te uara kei waenganui)
Huinga Raraunga me te Tau Taurite:
Huinga Raraunga: 3, 7, 5, 9, 6, 8
Whakarōpūtia: 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Tau waenga: (6 + 7) / 2 = 6.5
Tau waenga i roto i ngā raraunga kāwai
Ahakoa e whakamahia whānuitia ana te tau waenga ki ngā raraunga tonu, ki ngā raraunga raupapa rānei, ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā raraunga kāwai me te raupapa mārama.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Raraunga Kāwai (Ordinal):
Whakatauranga Kiriata: Pai, Tino Pai, Āhua Pai, Tino Pai, Pai
Whakarōpūtia mā te whakatauranga: Pai, Pai, Pai, Tino Pai, Hiranga
Waenga: Pai (uara waenga tuatoru)
Ngā Kaha me ngā Ngāwari o te Waenganui
Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o te tau waenga ko tōna aro ki ngā mea o waho. Hei tauira, me kī he huinga raraunga moni whiwhi tātau, ā, kei roto ko te Tumu Whakahaere Matua he tino teitei te moni whiwhi. Ka whakarato tonu te tau waenga i tētahi pikitia pono ake mō te moni whiwhi matua i te tau toharite, ka whakapohehetia e ngā uara tino nui. Heoi, ko te ngoikoretanga o te tau waenga ko te ngaro, te hē rānei o ngā raraunga i roto i ngā huinga raraunga iti, ka pā nui ki ngā hua te ngaronga o ngā raraunga, ngā raraunga hē rānei.
Aratau vs Waenga vs Toharite
Ko te aratau, te tau waenga, me te toharite he ine i te ia matua e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio nui mō ngā āhuatanga o te tohatoha raraunga.
– Toharite: Te toharite tātaitanga o ngā raraunga katoa. E pāngia ana e ngā raraunga o waho.
– Waenga: Ko te uara waenga o ngā raraunga kua whakarōpūtia. Kāore e pāngia e ngā mea o waho.
– Aratau: Ko te uara e puta pinepine ana. He whai hua mō ngā raraunga kāwai.
He whakamahinga me he ngoikoretanga tō ia o ia, ā, i ētahi wā ka whakamahia ngātahitia hei whakarato i tētahi pikitia whānui ake.
Te Kōwhiri i te Rahi Tika
Ko te whiriwhiri i te ine tika mō te ia matua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo raraunga me te kaupapa o te tātari.
– Mena he rerekē ngā raraunga, kāore rānei i te tohatoha noa, he pai ake pea te tau waenga.
– Ki te hiahia koe ki te uara tino noa, ki te kāwai matua rānei, ka nui ake te whai hua o te aratau.
– Mena he tohatoha noa ngā raraunga, engari kāore he tauwehenga, ka taea e te toharite te whakarato i tētahi whakaaturanga pai.
Hei tauira, i roto i te tātaritanga mākete whenua, ka whakamahia te tau waenga hei whakaahua i ngā utu whare nā ngā rerekētanga utu nui rawa atu. I roto i ngā rangahau whakaaro a te marea, ka taea te whakamahi i te aratau hei tautuhi i te kōwhiringa tino rongonui.
Whakamutunga
He tino whai hua te aratau me te tau waenga i roto i ngā tatauranga. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā mōhiohio e whakaratohia ana e rāua, ka taea e rāua te whakangawari me te whakarāpopoto i ngā āhuatanga matua o tētahi huinga raraunga, hei āwhina i te whakatau kaupapa i runga i aua raraunga. Mā te noho tahi me te tau waenga, ka taea e ngā kairangahau me ngā kaitātari te whiwhi i tētahi pikitia whānui ake o ngā raraunga e akohia ana e rāua.
