Te Āheinga me ngā Whakawhiti
Ko te inductance me ngā transformers he ariā matua e rua i roto i te ao hiko, e whakahaere ana i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te whakaputanga, te tuku, me te whakamahinga o te hiko. He mea nui te māramatanga hōhonu ki ēnei ariā e rua mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te hangarau hiko me ōna tono i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
Te hikohiko
Ko te ine hiko te kaha o tētahi wāhanga hiko, pērā i te koiri waea, i te solenoid rānei, ki te penapena pūngao i roto i tētahi papa aukume ina rere te iahiko hiko mā roto. Ko te waeine SI mō te ine i te ine hiko ko Henry (H). Ko te ine hiko te tohu matua o te tohu 'L', ā, ka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te whārite:
\[ L = \frac{N\Phi}{I} \]
Ko \(N\) te maha o ngā hurihanga, ko \(\Phi\) te rerenga aukume, ā, ko \(I\) te iahiko.
Ko te tikanga, ko te inductor he koiri waea, he mea hanga ki te parahi, he mea kopikopiko ki tētahi āhua motuhake, pērā i te solenoid, i te toroid rānei. Ina pā te iahiko hiko mā roto i tēnei koiri, ka hangaia he papa aukume huri noa i te waea. Mā ngā panonitanga o te iahiko hiko ka puta he panonitanga ki tēnei papa aukume, e ai ki te Ture a Faraday mō te Whakaoho Aukume. Ka puta he whakaoho aukume, ka puta he kaha hiko (EMF) e ātete ana ki te panonitanga o te iahiko.
Ka kitea nuitia tēnei mātāpono i roto i te whakamahinga o ngā inductors i roto i ngā ara iahiko hiko. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā inductors hei tātari i ētahi auau, hei whakahaere i ngā wiri i roto i ngā ara iahiko LC, hei wāhanga rokiroki pūngao rānei i roto i ngā kaitahuri hiko. Ko tētahi whakamahinga tūturu ko te choke, e whakamahia ana hei aukati i te AC me te tuku i te DC kia haere.
Heoi, ina whakanohoia ngā inductors maha ki te taha tata, ko tētahi take nui hei whakaaroaro ko te hononga aukume i waenganui i a rātou, ka taea ai te whakawhiti-awe. Koinei te wāhi e tino whai tikanga ai ngā transformers.
pūtahuri
He taputapu te whakawhiti hiko e whakarerekē ana i te ngaohiko hiko mai i tētahi taumata ki tētahi atu mā te whakamahi i te kaupapa o te whakapūngao hikohiko. Kei roto i te whakawhiti hiko he koiri e rua, neke atu rānei, e takai ana ki tētahi matua rino, ki tētahi atu rauemi ferromagnetic rānei. Ka honoa te koiri tuatahi ki te pūtake hiko, ā, ka honoa te koiri tuarua ki te kawenga. Ka taea e ngā whakawhiti hiko te whakanui (whakapiki) te whakaiti rānei (whakaheke) i te ngaohiko ina hiahiatia.
Ko te kaupapa mahi o tētahi whakawhiti hiko e ahu mai ana i te Ture a Faraday mō te Whakaoho Hikohiko me te Ture a Lenz. Ina rere te ia AC i roto i te pōkai tuatahi, ka puta he papa aukume huri huri noa i a ia. Kātahi ka haere tēnei papa aukume huri mā te matua ferromagnetic ki te pōkai tuarua. E ai ki te Ture a Faraday, ka puta he EMF i roto i te pōkai tuarua nā te papa aukume huri. Ko te nui o tēnei ngaohiko whakaoho ka whakawhirinaki ki te maha o ngā hurihanga i roto i te pōkai tuarua ki te pōkai tuatahi, e ai ki te whārite e whai ake nei:
\[ V_s = \frac{N_s}{N_p} \times V_p \]
kāore i te mana:
– Ko te ngaohiko puta noa i te koiri tuarua ko \(V_s\).
– Ko te ngaohiko puta noa i te koiri tuatahi ko \(V_p\).
– Ko te \(N_s\) te maha o ngā takahuri i roto i te pōkai tuarua.
– Ko te \(N_p\) te maha o ngā takahuri i roto i te pōkai tuatahi.
Te Tūranga o ngā Whakawhiti i roto i ngā Pūnaha Hiko
He mea nui te mahi a ngā whakawhiti hiko i roto i te pūnaha hiko o te ao. Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o te whakamahi i te AC ko te ngāwari o te whakarerekē i te ngaohiko mā te whakamahi i te whakawhiti hiko. Hei tauira, ko te hiko e whakaputaina ana e ngā tipu hiko he iti noa te ngaohiko, engari ka hurihia ki ngā ngaohiko tino teitei mō te tuku hiko tawhiti. Mā tēnei tukanga ka whakaitihia ngā ngaronga hiko e puta mai ana i te ātete i roto i ngā taura.
Kāore e taea tēnei pūnaha tohatoha hiko whai hua, whai hua hoki me te kore he whakawhiti hiko, nā ēnei i huri te ariā o te tuku hiko. I ngā teihana tohatoha hiko, me whakamahi anō he whakawhiti hiko hei whakaheke i te ngaohiko ki te taumata e tika ana mō te whakamahinga o te whare me te ahumahi.
Hoahoa Whakawhiti
Ko te hoahoa o te whakawhiti hiko e whakatauhia ana ehara i te mea ko te maha o ngā hurihanga anake engari ko te rauemi matua me te whakatakotoranga o te takai. Me nui te uruhanga o te rauemi matua kia pai ai te kawe i te papa aukume, me te whakamahi i te maitai silicon, te ferrite rānei. Mā tēnei ka whakaitihia te mate hysteresis me te ngaronga o te au hurihuri i roto i te whakawhiti hiko.
Hei tāpiri, ka rerekē pea ngā whirihoranga matua, pērā i te C, te E, ngā matua toroidal rānei. Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei kōwhiringa ki te whai huatanga me te whakamahinga. Hei tauira, he nui ake te whai huatanga o ngā whakawhiti toroidal me te iti ake o te ia turuturu engari he nui ake te utu hanga.
Ngā Whakamahinga o te Whakawhiti i roto i te Oranga o Ia Rā
Kāore ngā pūnaha hiko anake e herea ana ki ngā whakawhiti hiko. Kei te piki haere te maha o ngā tono o ia rā e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kaha o ngā inductors me ngā whakawhiti hiko. Ka whakamahia ngā whakawhiti hiko iti ki ngā waea pūkoro, ki ngā pouaka whakaata, me ngā urutau hei utu.
I roto i te ao whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ka whakamahia ngā whakawhiti hiko i roto i ngā ara iahiko RF me te hononga ārai mate.
Ko tētahi atu hiahia kei roto i ngā tono hauora, hei tauira, ka whakamahia e ngā mīhini MRI ngā whakawhiti motuhake hei hanga i ngā papa aukume kaha e tika ana mō te whakaahua i te tinana tangata.
Whakamutunga
Ko te inductive me ngā transformers he ariā matua e rua mō te hangarau hiko. He mahi nui tā te inductive i roto i te rokiroki pūngao me te whakahaere iahiko, ko ngā transformers ia ka taea te whakarerekē me te whakahaere i te ngaohiko me te iahiko mō ngā tono maha. Mēnā he māramatanga me te tono tika, ka whai wāhi ēnei ariā e rua ki ngā pūnaha hiko whai hua, ki te tohatoha pūngao whai hua, me ngā auahatanga hou i roto i ngā mara hangarau maha. Ki te kore ēnei, kāore pea ngā whanaketanga hou o te hangarau hiko e eke ki tō rātou taumata o nāianei.
