Tauira o ngā Pātai Kōrero mō te Transformer
Pendahuluan
He wāhanga matua te whakawhiti hiko i roto i tētahi pūnaha hiko, e whakamahia ana hei whakarerekē i te taumata ngaohiko. He mea nui tēnei taputapu mō te tuku me te tohatoha i te pūngao hiko, kia pai ai te rere mai i ngā tipu hiko ki ngā kaihoko. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou ētahi tauira o ngā raruraru whakawhiti hiko, e tumanakohia ana ka āwhina i ngā ākonga ki te mārama ki ngā ariā taketake me ngā tono mahi a ngā whakawhiti hiko.
Te Mātāpono Mahi o te Whakawhitiwhiti
I roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho, ko te whakawhiti hiko he mea hanga mai i ngā koiri waea hiko e rua, e kiia nei ko ngā takai tuatahi me ngā takai tuarua, e takai ana i te pūtake rino e hanga ana i tētahi papa aukume. Ka whiwhi te takai tuatahi i te ngaohiko whakauru, ko te takai tuarua ia ka whakaputa i te ngaohiko putanga. Ina rere te aukume whakawhiti i roto i te takai tuatahi, ka puta he papa aukume huri noa i te koiri, ka puta he au whakaawe i roto i te takai tuarua. Ko te ōwehenga o te maha o ngā takai i waenga i ngā takai tuatahi me ngā takai tuarua ka whakatau i te ōwehenga huringa ngaohiko.
Ko te tauira taketake e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakawhiti hiko ko:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
ko \( V_p \) te ngaohiko i runga i te koiri tuatahi, ko \( V_s \) te ngaohiko i runga i te koiri tuarua, ko \( N_p \) te maha o ngā hurihanga i runga i te koiri tuatahi, ā, ko \( N_s \) te maha o ngā hurihanga i runga i te koiri tuarua.
Tauira Pātai 1
Pātai:
E 500 ngā hurihanga o te takai tuatahi o te whakawhiti hiko, ā, e 100 ngā hurihanga o te takai tuarua. Mēnā ko te ngaohiko whakauru (tuatahi) he 220V, tatauhia te ngaohiko putanga (tuarua) o te whakawhiti hiko.
Kōrero:
Mā te whakamahi i te tātai taketake o te whakawhiti:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
Ka whakakapia e mātou ngā uara e mōhiotia ana:
\[ \frac{220}{V_s} = \frac{500}{100} \]
Te whakangawari i te whakatairite i te maha o ngā takahuri:
\[ \frac{220}{V_s} = 5 \]
Hei kimi i te \(V_s\), ka whakareatia te whakawhiti:
\[ V_s = \frac{220}{5} \]
\[ V_s = 44V \]
Nō reira, ko te ngaohiko putanga (tuarua) o te whakawhiti hiko he 44V.
Tauira Pātai 2
Pātai:
Ko te ōwehenga o te takai tuatahi ki te takai tuarua he 1:4. Mena ko te ngaohiko whakauru he 110V, he aha te ngaohiko putanga o te takai tuarua?
Kōrero:
Mā te whakamahi i te tātai taketake o te whakawhiti:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
E mōhiotia ana ko te ōwehenga o ngā hurihanga tuatahi me te hurihanga tuarua he 1:4, arā:
\[ \frac{N_p}{N_s} = \frac{1}{4} \]
Me \( V_p = 110V \):
\[ \frac{110}{V_s} = \frac{1}{4} \]
Hei kimi i te \(V_s\), ka whakareatia te whakawhiti:
\[ V_s = 110 \whakareatia ki te 4 \]
\[ V_s = 440V \]
Nō reira, ko te ngaohiko putanga o te takai tuarua he 440V.
Tauira Pātai 3
Pātai:
Ka whakamahia he whakawhiti hiko whakaheke-heke hei whakaiti i te ngaohiko mai i te 240V ki te 24V. Mena e 600 ngā hurihanga o te koiri tuatahi, e hia ngā hurihanga o te koiri tuarua?
Kōrero:
Mā te whakamahi i te tātai taketake o te whakawhiti:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
I hoatu ngā hurihanga \( V_p = 240V \), \( V_s = 24V \), me \( N_p = 600 \):
\[ \frac{240}{24} = \frac{600}{N_s} \]
Te whakangawari i te whakatairite ngaohiko:
\[ 10 = \frac{600}{N_s} \]
Hei kimi i te \(N_s\), ka whakareatia te whakawhiti:
\[ N_s = \frac{600}{10} \]
\[ N_s = 60 \]
Nō reira, ko te maha o ngā hurihanga i te takai tuarua he 60 hurihanga.
Tauira Pātai 4
Pātai:
He 100V te ngaohiko tāuru (tuatahi) o tētahi whakawhiti hiko, ā, he 400V te ngaohiko putanga (tuarua). Mēnā ko te iahiko i roto i te takai tuarua he 2A, he aha te iahiko i roto i te takai tuatahi?
Kōrero:
Ka taea e tātou te whakamahi i te mātāpono o te tiaki i te mana i roto i tētahi whakawhiti hiko tino pai, ina rite te mana whakauru ki te mana putanga:
\[ P_p = P_s \]
\[ V_p \ngā I_p = V_s \ngā I_s \]
Me \( V_p = 100V \), \( V_s = 400V \), me \( I_s = 2A \):
\[ 100 \ngā I_p = 400 \ngā 2 \]
\[ 100 \ngā I_p = 800 \]
Hei kimi i te \(I_p\), ka wehea e tātou:
\[ I_p = \frac{800}{100} \]
\[ I_p = 8A \]
Nō reira, ko te iahiko i roto i te takai tuatahi ko 8A.
Tauira Pātai 5
Pātai:
Ka whakanuia e te whakawhiti hiko whakaneke te ngaohiko mai i te 120V i te takai tuatahi ki te 480V i te takai tuarua. Mena he 300 te maha o ngā takai i te takai tuatahi, e hia ngā takai kei te takai tuarua?
Kōrero:
Mā te whakamahi i te tātai taketake o te whakawhiti:
\[ \frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s} \]
I hoatu ngā hurihanga \( V_p = 120V \), \( V_s = 480V \), me \( N_p = 300 \):
\[ \frac{120}{480} = \frac{300}{N_s} \]
Te whakangawari i te whakatairite ngaohiko:
\[ \frac{1}{4} = \frac{300}{N_s} \]
Hei kimi i te \(N_s\), ka whakareatia te whakawhiti:
\[ N_s = 300 \whakanuia ki te 4 \]
\[ N_s = 1200 \]
Nō reira, ko te maha o ngā hurihanga i te takai tuarua he 1200 hurihanga.
Te Katinga
He taputapu tino nui ngā whakawhiti hiko i roto i ngā pūnaha hiko, e whakawhiti ana i ngā taumata ngaohiko kia pai ake ai te tuku me te tohatoha. Mā te mārama ki ngā tauira kua kōrerohia, ko te tumanako ka pai ake tō mātou māramatanga ki te mahi a te whakawhiti hiko me te whakamahi i ngā ariā taketake i roto i ngā tataunga e pā ana ki ngā whakawhiti hiko. Mā tēnei māramatanga ka taea e mātou te mārama ake ki ngā pānga o ngā huringa o ngā takai me te ngaohiko ki ngā pūnaha hiko.
