Ngā Tauira Pātai me te Kōrero mō ngā Whākōkī
He mea nui ngā whākōkī i roto i ngā tukanga koiora, hei whakakorikori hei tere ake i ngā tauhohenga matū i roto i ngā pūtau. Ki te kore he whākōkī, he puhoi rawa te haere o ngā tauhohenga i roto i ngā mea ora, ā, kāore e taea te pupuri i te ora. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou ētahi tauira raruraru e pā ana ki ngā whākōkī, me ā rātou matapakinga me ngā whakamārama.
He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Whākōkī
He pūmua ngā whākōkī he kaha motuhake ki te whakatere i ngā tauhohenga matū me te kore e whakarerekētia tonutia i roto i te tukanga. He hanganga motuhake tō ia whākōkī e kiia nei ko te pae hohe, te wāhi e herea ai te matū (te ngota e pāngia ana e te tauhohenga). Ko te ahurei o ngā whākōkī kei roto i tō rātou motuhaketanga, arā, ko tō rātou kaha ki te mōhio ki tētahi, ki ētahi momo matū rānei.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka mahi ngā whākōkī mā te whakaiti i te pūngao whakahohe o tētahi tauhohenga matū, arā, te pūngao e hiahiatia ana hei tīmata i tētahi tauhohenga. Mā te whakaiti i te pūngao whakahohe, ka taea e ngā whākōkī te tere ake, te whai hua ake hoki o ngā tauhohenga i te pāmahana tinana noa.
Ngā Tauira Pātai me ngā Kōrerorero
Anei ētahi tauira o ngā pātai e pā ana ki ngā whākōkī e tūtaki pinepinetia ana i roto i ngā akoranga koiora, me ā rātou matapakinga.
Pātai 1: Te Tūranga o ngā Whākōkī i roto i te Pūnaha Nakunaku
Pātai:
Whakamāramahia te mahi a ngā whākōkī i roto i te pūnaha nakunaku o te tangata. Whakahuatia kia toru ngā whākōkī nakunaku me ā rātou mahi.
Kōrero:
He mahi nui tā ngā whākōkī i roto i te pūnaha nakunaku mā te wawahi i ngā ngota kai kia māmā ake te mimiti e te tinana. Anei ētahi whākōkī nakunaku nui me ā rātou mahi:
1. Amylase: Ka hangaia tēnei whākōkī i roto i ngā repe huware me te repe taiaki. Ka wahia e te Amylase ngā warowaihā matatini, pērā i te māngaro, hei huka māmā (maltose). Ka tīmata te nakunaku warowaihā i roto i te waha i tēnei tukanga, ā, ka haere tonu i roto i te whekau iti.
2. Pepsin: He whākōkī e hangaia ana i roto i te puku, e wawahi ana te pepsin i ngā pūmua kia iti ake ngā peptide. Mā te mahi pai i roto i te taiao waikawa e whakaratohia ana e te puku, ka tīmata te tukanga nakunaku pūmua e te pepsin.
3. Lipase: Ka hangaia te lipase e te repeure, ā, ko tāna mahi he nakunaku i te ngako. Ka wahia e tēnei whākōkī ngā triglycerides hei waikawa ngako kore utu me ngā monoglycerides, kia taea ai te mimiti e te whekau iti.
Pātai 2: Te Tikanga Mahi a te Whākōkī
Pātai:
He aha te tikanga o te tauira "raka me te kī" i roto i te tikanga mahi a te whākōkī?
Kōrero:
E whakamārama ana te tauira "raka me te kī" i te taunekeneke a ngā whākōkī me ngā matūriki. I roto i tēnei tauira, he āhua motuhake tō te pae hohe o te whākōkī ka taea anake te here e tētahi matūriki he āhua tautoko, he rite ki te kī ka taea anake te whakatuwhera i tētahi raka motuhake. Nō reira, ko te matūriki tika anake ka taea te whakaoho i te mahi whakaterenga a te whākōkī.
Heoi, i te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao, kua whakatikatikaina tēnei tauira mā te tauira "induced fit", e kī ana ina whakatata atu tētahi matū ki tētahi whākōkī, ka taea e te pae hohe te whakarerekē i tōna āhua kia pai ake ai te taunekeneke ki te matū.
Pātai 3: Ngā Take e Pā Ana ki te Mahi a te Whākōkī
Pātai:
Whakahuatia, whakamāramahia hoki ngā āhuatanga e toru ka pā ki te mahi a te whākōkī!
Kōrero:
Ka taea te awe i te mahi a te whākōkī e ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki:
1. Pāmahana: He tino pai te mahi a te whākōkī i tētahi pāmahana (pāmahana tino pai). I ngā pāmahana iti, ka puhoi haere ngā tauhohenga whākōkī nā te korenga o te pūngao nekeneke i roto i ngā ngota. I tua atu, ko ngā pāmahana tino teitei ka puta te denaturation, arā, he huringa i roto i te hanganga toru-ahu o te whākōkī, ka ngaro ai tana mahi.
2. pH: He pH tino pai tō ia whākōkī. Hei tauira, ka mahi pai te pepsin i te pH tata ki te 2, ko te amylase ia ka mahi pai i te pH kūpapa. Ka taea e te pH kāore i te tika te whakarerekē i te kawenga o te whākōkī, te matū rānei, ka whakararuraru i ngā taunekeneke i te pae hohe.
3. Te Kukū o te Papatūānuku me te Whākōkī: Mā te whakanui ake i te kukū o te papatūānuku ka piki ake te tere o te tauhohenga tae noa ki te taumata mātotoru, ka hangaia he matatini e ngā whākōkī katoa e wātea ana ki te papatūānuku. I tēnei wā, kāore e piki ake te tere o te tauhohenga i te whakanui ake i te kukū o te papatūānuku.
Pātai 4: Ngā Ārai Whākōkī
Pātai:
Whakamāramahia te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā aukati whakataetae me ngā aukati kore whakataetae i roto i te horopaki o ngā whākōkī!
Kōrero:
Ko ngā aukati whākōkī he ngota e whakaiti ana i te mahi whākōkī, ā, ka taea te wehewehe kia rua ngā momo i runga i te tikanga mahi:
1. Ngā Ārai Whakataetae: Ka whakataetae tika ēnei ngota ki te papa matū hei here ki te pae hohe o te whākōkī. Nō reira, ka taea te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā ārai whakataetae mā te whakanui ake i te kukū o te papa matū.
2. Ngā Ārai Kore-Whakataetae: Ka herea ēnei ārai ki te whākōkī i tētahi wāhi ehara i te pae hohe, ka whakarerekē i te āhua o te whākōkī kia kore ai e taea te mahi pai ahakoa kua herea tōna pae hohe e tētahi matūriki. Kāore e taea e te whakanui ake i te kukū o te matūriki te whakakore katoa i tēnei aukati.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te mahi a ngā whākōkī i roto i ngā tukanga ora maha mā te whakahaere i ngā tauhohenga matū i raro i ngā āhuatanga haumaru ake, whai hua ake hoki. He mea nui ki te koiora te mārama ki ā rātou tikanga mahi, ngā āhuatanga e awe ana i te mahi a ngā whākōkī, me ā rātou mahi motuhake i roto i te tinana. Mā te ako i ēnei pātai me te matapaki i aua pātai, ka taea e tātou te ruku hohonu ake ki te ao uaua me te whakamīharo o ngā whākōkī.
