Taitara: Tauira o ngā Pātai Kōrero mō te Pānga o ngā Āituā ki te Oranga
He āhuatanga taiao, he āhuatanga tangata hoki ngā aituā, ā, he pānga nui ki te oranga. Ko ngā aituā taiao pērā i te rū whenua, te tsunami, te waipuke, me te pahūtanga o te puia, he maha ngā wā ka puta he mate nui, ā-tinana, ā-hapori hoki. Hei mārama me te whakaiti i ēnei pānga, me tūhura tātou i ngā āhuatanga rerekē e pā ana ki ngā aituā. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga ētahi rangahau take, ā, ka whakaratohia he tauira raruraru hei āwhina i a tātou ki te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā aituā.
1. He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Āituā me ō rātou Pānga
Ko te aituā he huihuinga i puta mai i ngā āhuatanga taiao, i ngā mahi a te tangata rānei, e hua ake ai he mate tinana me he mate rauemi. Ka whānui ngā pānga o ngā aituā, tae atu ki ngā mate ōhanga, te kino o ngā hanganga, me ngā pānga hinengaro me te pāpori ki ngā hapori. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā aituā te whakaoho i te hekenga nui, ngā raruraru hauora, me ngā raruraru taiao mō te wā roa.
2. Ngā Pānga ā-Tino me ngā Pānga ā-Rauemi
Tuatahi, he maha ngā wā ka pakaru ngā hanganga pēnei i ngā rori, ngā piriti, me ngā whare i ngā āhuatanga kino. Ka whakararuraru tēnei pakaru i te kohikohinga āwhina, ka kino ake te āhua o ngā tāngata i pāngia.
Akoranga Take: Rū whenua i Nepōra (2015)
I pā te rū whenua 7.8 te kaha ki Nepōra i te marama o Āperira 2015, ā, i tino kino ngā hanganga, tae atu ki ngā whare noho me ngā wāhi tuku iho ahurea. Tata ki te 9,000 ngā tāngata i mate, neke atu i te 22,000 i whara. I whakangaromia, i tino kinotia rānei e te aituā neke atu i te hawhe miriona ngā kāinga.
Tauira raruraru:
– Pātai: He aha ngā tino take o te ngoikore o ngā hanganga ki ngā rū whenua, ā, me pēhea te whakaiti i tēnei?
– Kōrero: Ko te ngoikore o ngā hanganga e puta pinepine ana i te hoahoa ngoikore e ātete ana ki te rū whenua, te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi kounga iti, me te kore o ngā ture hanga. Hei whakaiti i te ngoikore, me whakatinana ngā paerewa hanga ātete ki te rū whenua, te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi kounga teitei, me te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi hanga.
3. Pānga Hapori
He nui hoki ngā pānga pāpori o ngā āhuatanga kino. Ka taea e te ngaronga o ngā mema o te whānau, o ngā taonga, me ngā kāinga te whakararu i te hauora hinengaro o te tangata.
Akoranga Take: Te Āniwaniwa o Āke (2004)
Nā te tsunami i pā ki Aceh i te 26 o Tīhema, 2004, i mate ai neke atu i te 230,000 tāngata, ā, i waiho rau mano tini o rātou kia kore he kāinga. Haunga te mamae hinengaro nui, i whakangaromia hoki e te aituā te hanganga pāpori me te ōhanga o te rohe.
Tauira raruraru:
– Pātai: Me pēhea te whakatau i te pānga hinengaro o muri i te āituā ki te hapori kua pāngia?
– Kōrero: Me whakauru ngā tohunga hinengaro me ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro ki te tautoko hinengaro me te hinengaro i ngā āhuatanga o muri i te aituā ki te aro atu ki ngā pānga hinengaro o ngā aituā. Ka taea hoki e ngā huarahi hapori, pērā i ngā rōpū tautoko me ngā kaupapa whakaora hapori, te āwhina i te whakaora i te hauora hinengaro o ngā tāngata i pāngia.
4. Pānga Ōhanga
Ka taea e ngā mate ōhanga mai i ngā āhuatanga āwhati te eke ki ngā piriona tāra, ka pā ki te hua o te mahi, ka whakararu hoki i te whanaketanga o tētahi rohe.
Akoranga Take: Ngā Waipuke o Thailand (2011)
E ai ki te tatauranga, tata ki te US$46 piriona te nui o ngā mate ōhanga i puta i ngā waipuke o Thailand i te tau 2011. He maha ngā ahumahi i totohu, ā, i mutu te mahi ōhanga. Ko ngā wāhi ahumahi papaku te hunga i tino pāngia.
Tauira raruraru:
– Pātai: He aha ngā mahi ka taea te mahi hei whakaiti i ngā mate ōhanga mai i ngā waipuke ā muri ake nei?
– Kōrero: Hei whakaiti i ngā mate ōhanga, he mea nui kia hangaia he pūnaha whakahaere waipuke whai hua, pērā i ngā tāhuna me ngā awaawa. He mea tika anō hoki te neke i ngā wāhi ahumahi kia matara atu i ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e te waipuke me te whakatinana i te inihua mōrearea ā-tūponotanga. Hei tāpiri, me whakarite te whakatikatika me te pupuri i ngā hanganga rerenga wai hei kaupapa matua.
5. Pānga ki te Taiao
Ka taea e ngā āhuatanga kino te whakararuraru i te pūnaha rauropi me te kino kino e kore e taea te whakatika i te taiao.
Akoranga Take: Te Pahūtanga o Maunga Merapi (2010)
I te pahūtanga o Maunga Merapi i te tau 2010, i tino kino te taiao e karapoti ana, tae atu ki ngā ngahere me ngā puna wai. Nā te kohi pungarehu puia i pirau ai te oneone, ā, i pā kino hoki ki te kanorau koiora.
Tauira raruraru:
– Pātai: Me pēhea te whakaora i tētahi pūnaha rauropi i pāngia e tētahi āhuatanga kino?
– Kōrero: Ka taea te whakatutuki i te whakaoranga o te pūnaha rauropi i muri i te aituā mā te whakato ngahere, te tango i ngā rauemi puia i ngā wāhi, me te whakaora whenua. Mā te whai wāhi a te hapori ki ngā kaupapa tiaki taiao ka whakatairanga i te pumau o te whakaoranga o te pūnaha rauropi.
6. Ngā Mahi Whakaiti me te Whakarite
Ko te whakaiti me te whakarite he wāhanga matua o te whakaiti i te mōrearea ā-pāwera. Ko te whakauru i ngā momo kaipupuri hea ki te whakamahere me te whakatinanatanga o ngā rautaki whakaiti he taahiraa nui ki te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā āwhā ā muri ake nei.
Tauira raruraru:
– Pātai: Whakahuatia ētahi rautaki whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga kino o te taiao.
– Kōrero: Ko ngā rautaki whakaitiiti whai hua ko te whakatakoto kaupapa here e hangai ana ki ngā mōrearea, te whakawhanake i ngā hanganga ātete-ā-pāwera, te whakaako i te marea mō te whakarite mō ngā āhuatanga ā-pāwera, me te whakarato i ngā pūnaha whakatūpato wawe. Ka taea hoki e te mahi tahi ā-ao me ā-rohe mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te hangarau te whakarei ake i te kaha whakaitiiti o te whenua.
7. Whakamutunga
He uaua te pānga o ngā āhuatanga kino ki te oranga, ā, e kapi ana i ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga hapori. Me whai huarahi maha-mātauranga me te mahi tahi a ngā rāngai ki te mārama ki ēnei pānga. Mā te mātauranga me te whakarite, ka taea e ngā hapori te whakapai ake i tō rātou whakarite mō ngā āhuatanga kino me te whakaiti i ō rātou pānga. Mā tēnei, ka taea e tātou te hanga tahi i te kaha ake o te manawanui ki ngā āhuatanga kino o te heke mai.
