Te Mārama ki ngā Mātāpono o te Pango
Ki te whakaranua e tātou te wai wera me te wai matao ki roto i tētahi ipu tuwhera (hei tauira, he peere), ka whakawhitia te wera mai i te wai wera ki te wai matao. Nā te mea kua tuwhera te ipu, ka whakawhitia ētahi o te wera ki te hau. Ka mahana ake anō hoki te ipu. Ko te wera e tukuna ana e te wai wera ehara i te mea ka mimitia e te wai matao anake engari e te hau me te ipu anō hoki. I tēnei wā, he pūnaha kore-motuhake te peere.
Ina whakaranua te wai wera me te wai matao ki roto i tētahi termos kua kati, ka whakawhitia te wera mai i te wai wera ki te wai matao. He pūnaha motuhake te termos , nō reira kāore he wera e whakawhitia ki te hau, ki te termos rānei. Ka mimiti noa te wera e tukuna ana e te wai wera e te wai matao kia tae rā anō te ranunga ki te taurite wera.
E ai ki te mātāpono a Black , i roto i tētahi pūnaha kati motuhake, ko te wera e tukuna ana e tētahi mea pāmahana teitei = te wera e mimitihia ana e tētahi mea pāmahana iti.
Te tauira taketake a Black
Qlepa =Qmimiti
Whakaahuatanga: Qlepa = te wera i tukuna e te mea pāmahana teitei, Qmimiti = te wera e mimitihia ana e ngā mea pāmahana iti.
Ngā tauira pātai mō te mātāpono a Black
1. He wahi rino wera he 1 kg te taumaha, ā, he 100 te pāmahana oKa makahia he ipu C ki roto i tētahi ipu kei roto he wai e 2 kg te taumaha, ā, e 20 te pāmahana. oC. He aha te pāmahana whakamutunga o te ranunga? Te wera motuhake o te rino = 450 J/kg Co, te wera motuhake o te wai = 4200 J/kg Co.
Kōrero:
E mōhiotia ana :
m te rino = 1 kg, Tpai = 100 oC, m wai = 2 kg, Trangi = 20 oC, c rino = 450 J/kg Co, wai c = 4200 J/kg Co.
I pātaihia :
Ranunga T?
Whakautu :
He teitei ake te pāmahana o te rino i te wai, nō reira ka tukuna te wera e te rino, ka mimiti te wera e te wai.
(m)(c)(taumata T) = (m)(c)(taumata T)
(1)(450)(100-T) = (2)(4200)(T-20)
(450)(100-T) = (8400)(T-20)
45000 – 450T = 8400 T – 168000
45000 + 168000 = 8400 T + 450 T
213000 = 8850 T
T = 213000 : 8850
T = 24 oC
Suhu Ko te pāmahana whakamutunga o te ranunga o te rino wera me te wai matao ina noho taurite ana ngā mea e rua, ko te 24 oC.
2. Pātai Whakamātautau ā-Motu SMA/MA 2015/2016 Nama 20
Ka konatunatua te 75 karamu o te wai i te pāmahana o te 0 ° C ki te 50 karamu o te wai kia 40 ° C te pāmahana o te ranunga, nō reira ko te pāmahana tīmatanga o te 50 karamu o te wai ko...
A. 125 ° C
B. 120 o C
C. 110 ° C
D. 100 o C
E. 80 ° C
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Taumaha o te wai 1 (m 1 ) = 75 karamu
Te pāmahana tīmatanga o te wai 1 (T 1 ) = 0 o C
Taumaha o te wai 2 (m 2 ) = 50 karamu
Te pāmahana whakamutunga o te ranunga (T) = 40 ° C
He ōrite ngā waeine papatipu, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia he tahuritanga.
E hiahiatia ana: Te pāmahana tīmatanga o te wai 2 (T 2 )
Whakautu:
E ai ki te mātāpono a Black , i roto i tētahi pūnaha kati motuhake, ko te wera e tukuna ana e tētahi mea pāmahana-tiketike he ōrite ki te wera e mimitihia ana e tētahi mea pāmahana-iti.
Q i tukuna = Q i mimitia
m 1 c ( ΔT 1 ) = m 2 c ( ΔT 2 )
He rite tonu te wera motuhake o te wai, nō reira kua tangohia te c i te whārite.
m1 ( ΔT1 ) = m2 ( ΔT2 )
(75)(40 – 0) = (50)(T 2 – 40)
(75)(40) = (50)(T 2 – 40)
3000 = 50 T 2 – 2000
3000 + 2000 = 50 T 2
5000 = 50 T 2
T 2 = 100
Ko te whakautu tika ko D.
3. Ngā Pātai Whakamātautau ā-Motu mō te Ahupūngao SMA/MA 2015/2016 Nama 20
Ka whakamahanahia he konganuku 200 karamu ki te 120 ° C, kātahi ka tāpirihia ki roto i te 100 karamu wai i te pāmahana o te 30 ° C. I muri i te taurite, ka huri te pāmahana o te ranunga ki te 60 ° C. Mena ko te wera motuhake o te wai he 4200 J.kg -1° C -1 , ko te wera motuhake o te konganuku he...
A. 10,5 J.kg -1o C -1
B. 105 J.kg -1o C -1
C. 150 J.kg -1o C -1
D. 1050 J.kg -1o C -1
E. 1500 J.kg -1o C -1
Kōrero
Te tahuritanga o ngā waeine papatipu mai i te karamu ki te kirokaramu (Pūnaha Waeine o te Ao)
E mōhiotia ana:
Papatipu konganuku (m1 ) = 200 karamu = 0,2 kg
Te pāmahana whakarewa (T 1 ) = 120 ° C
Taumaha o te wai (m² ) = 100 karamu = 0,1 kg
Te pāmahana wai (T 2 ) = 30 ° C
Te pāmahana whakamutunga o te ranunga (T) = 60 ° C
Te wera motuhake o te wai (c 2 ) = 4200 J.kg -1 o C -1
I pātaihia: Te wera motuhake o te konganuku (c 1 )
Whakautu:
Q i tukuna = Q i mimitia
m1 c1 (ΔT1) = m2 c2 (ΔT2)
(0,2)(c 1 )(120 – 60) = (0,1)(4200)(60 – 30)
(0,2)(c 1 )(60) = (0,1)(4200)(30)
12 c 1 = 12600
c1 = 12600 / 12
c1 = 1050
Ko te whakautu tika ko D.
4. Ngā Pātai Whakamātautau ā-Motu mō te Kura Tuarua/Kura Tuarua Mahi-ā-ringa mō te tau 2018
Ka ringihia he 250 ml o te wai kohua (100 ° C) ki roto i tētahi paraharaha kei roto he 400 ml o te wai i te pāmahana o te 35 ° C. I muri i te taurite wera, ko te pāmahana o te ranunga he… (te wera motuhake o te wai 1,0 cal.gr -1 . o C -1 )
Kōrero
E mōhiotia ana:
Te pāmahana wai wera = 100 ° C
Te rōrahi o te wai wera = 250 ml = 0,25 rita = 0,25 dm 3 = (0,25)(1000 cm 3 ) = 250 cm 3
Te pāmahana wai matao = 35 ° C
Te rōrahi o te wai matao = 400 ml = 0,4 rita = 0,4 dm = (0,4) ( 1000 cm ) = 400 cm
Te wera motuhake o te wai = 1,0 cal.gr -1 . o C -1
Te mātotoru o te wai = 1 karamu/cm 3
I pātaihia: Te pāmahana ranunga
Whakautu:
Tātaihia te papatipu o te wai wera me te wai matao mā te whakamahi i te tātai kiato:
m = ρ V
m = papatipu, ρ = kiato, V = rōrahi
Taumaha o te wai wera: m = ρ V = ( 1 karamu/cm 3 )(250 cm 3 ) = 250 karamu
Taumaha o te wai matao: m = ρ V = ( 1 karamu/cm 3 )(400 cm 3 ) = 400 karamu
Tātaihia te pāmahana o te ranunga mā te whakamahi i te tātai matua a Black:
Te wera e mimitihia ana e te wai matao = te wera e tukuna ana e te wai wera
mc ΔT = mc ΔT
He rite tonu te wera motuhake, nō reira ka tangohia atu i te whārite.
m ΔT = m ΔT
(400)(T-35) = (250)(100-T)
400T – 14000 = 25000 – 250T
400T + 250T = 25000 + 14000
650T = 39000
T = 39000 / 650
T = 60 ° C
