Uma welula ibhande lerabha noma ithayi lerabha kuze kufike endaweni ethile, lizonwebeka. Ngemva kokukhulula ukucindezeleka, irabha izobuyela ebude bayo bokuqala. Ngokufanayo, uma welula isipilingi, sizonwebeka. Ngemva kokuyikhulula, izobuyela ebude bayo bokuqala. Isipilingi noma irabha izonwebeka uma yeluliwe futhi izobuyela ebude bayo bokuqala ngemva kokukhululwa kokucindezeleka ngoba iyanwebeka. Ukunwebeka yikhono lento lokubuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala lapho amandla asetshenziswa kuyo esuswa.
Wake wahlafuna i-gum? Uma udonsa i-gum ngezandla zombili, izokhula isikhathi eside. Ngemva kokukhulula ukudonsa, isimo se-gum sihlala sifana, noma ubude be-gum ngeke bubuyele esimweni saso sokuqala. Kunjalo nangopulasitiki, ubumba, njll. Izinto ezifana ne-chewing gum, i-plasticine, nobumba zibizwa ngokuthi izinto zepulasitiki. Izinto ezinwebekayo ezifana nezipringi nazo zingaba yipulasitiki uma zidonswa ngamandla amakhulu futhi zidlule umkhawulo wazo wokunwebeka.
Uma intwasahlobo idonswa ngakwesokudla, izonwebeka futhi ikhule ngobude (Isithombe 1). Uma amandla okudonsa engekho makhulu kakhulu, kutholakala ukuthi ukwanda kobude bentwasahlobo kuhambisana nobukhulu bamandla okudonsa (F). Ngamanye amazwi, lapho amandla okudonsa emakhulu, kulapho ukwanda kobude bentwasahlobo kukhulu. Isilinganiso sobukhulu bamandla okudonsa (F) nokwanda kobude bentwasahlobo siyinani elingaguquki.
Isilinganiso phakathi kwamandla (F) kanye nokwanda kobude bentwasahlobo asiguquki, okuboniswa ukuthambekela okufanayo kwegrafu (isithombe 2).
u-k uyi-spring constant noma i-coefficient yokuqina kwentwasahlobo noma isilinganiso sokuguquguquka kwentwasahlobo. Lobu budlelwano baqala ukubonwa nguRobert Hooke (1635 - 1703) ngo-1678, ngakho-ke kwaziwa ngokuthi umthetho kaHooke.
Uma ubukhulu bamandla asetshenziswa esiphethwini budlula umkhawulo we-elastic wentwasahlobo, khona-ke ngemva kokuba amandla esesusiwe, ubude besiphethwini ngeke bubuyele ebudeni bawo bokuqala. Umthetho kaHooke usebenza kuphela kuze kufike emngceleni we-elastic . Umkhawulo we-elastic wentwasahlobo ngamandla aphezulu angasetshenziswa esiphethwini ngaphambi kokuba isiphethwini siguquke unomphela futhi ubude besiphethwini abukwazi ukubuyela ebudeni baso bokuqala. Uma ubukhulu bamandla buqhubeka nokwanda, isiphethwini sizolimala.
Isibonelo sezinkinga
1. Imibuzo Yokuhlolwa Kazwelonke Ka-2018
Umcibisholo unamathiselwa entanjeni yomnsalo, bese udonswa emuva ngamandla angu-20 N ukuze intambo yomnsalo yeluleke ibanga elingama-20 cm. Ukungqubuzana komoya akunakwa, isisindo somcibisholo singamagremu angu-250, ngakho ijubane lomcibisholo uma udutshulwa kusuka emnsalo…
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa:
Amandla (F) = 20 N
Ukwanda kobude ( s) = 20 cm = 0,2 m
Isisindo somcibisholo (m) = 250 amagremu = 0,25 kg
Ijubane lokuqala (v o ) = 0 m/s
Kubuziwe: Isivinini somcibisholo lapho udutshulwa kusuka emnsalweni
Impendulo:
Umsebenzi (W) = ushintsho kumandla e-kinetic ( ΔEK)
W = F s = (20)(0,2) = 4
EK = 1/2 m (vt2 - vo2) = 1/2 m (vt2) = 1/2 (0,25)(vt2) = 1/2 (0,25)(vt2) = 0,125 vt2
W = ΔEK
F s = 1/2 m (v t 2 )
4 = 0,125 v t 2
4/0,125 = v t 2
v t 2 = 32
v t = √32
v t = √(16)(2)
v t = 4√2 m/s
