Isibonelo sokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya

Izibonelo ezi-8 zokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya

1. Chaza usebenzisa izibonelo, incazelo ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa ?
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Ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya ukudluliselwa kokushisa okwenzeka ngokushayisana phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule akha into. Isibonelo, cabanga ngebha yensimbi eshisayo. Ukuphela kwensimbi kuthintwa ilangabi bese kuthi okunye kubanjwe. Ngisho noma ukuphela kwensimbi ebanjwe kungathintani nelangabi, ngoba ukushisa kudluliselwa ngebha yensimbi, ukuphela kwensimbi ebanjwe kuzwakala kushisa. Ukushisa kudluliselwa kanjani kusuka kolunye uhlangothi lwensimbi kuya kolunye?
Isihloko sensimbi eshisayo sithola ukushisa okwengeziwe. Amakhalori amandla ahamba ngokwemvelo esuka ezintweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu aye ezintweni ezinokushisa okuphansi. Amandla engeziwe abangela ukuthi ama-athomu/ama-molecule akha insimbi anyakaze kakhulu esuka endaweni yawo yokulingana. Njengoba enyakaza kakhulu, ama-athomu/ama-molecule ashayisana nama-athomu/ama-molecule angomakhelwane, okwenza ama-athomu/ama-molecule anyakaze kakhulu futhi athole amandla amakhulu. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ukushisa kufinyelela esicongweni sensimbi ebanjwe.

2. Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya kwenzeke phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule oketshezi?
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Cabanga ngesibonelo esilandelayo. Uma ibha yensimbi ishiswa, ukushisa kuhamba kusuka ku-athomu/i-molecule yensimbi eyodwa kuya kwenye, ngakho-ke kungashiwo ukuthi ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuhambisa kwenzeka phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule ento eqinile. Ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuhambisa akwenzeki phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule oketshezi ngoba ukudluliselwa kokushisa kwenzeka phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule oketshezi, futhi ngokufanayo phakathi kwama-athomu/ama-molecule egesi, ukudluliselwa kokushisa kwenzeka ngokuhambisa.

3. Ukuqhuba kwe-thermal isitini singu-0,84 J/msCo kanti ukuhanjiswa kokushisa koboya kungu-0,040 J/msC^o. Yimuphi umqhubi wokushisa ongcono, isitini noma uvolo?
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Izinto ezinokuqhutshwa kokushisa okuphezulu zingabaqhubi abahle bokushisa (abaqhubi abahle bokushisa), kanti izinto ezinokuqhutshwa kokushisa okuphansi zingabaqhubi ababi bokushisa (abaqhubi ababi bokushisa).
Ngokusekelwe embuzweni, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kwezitini kukhulu kunokuqhutshwa kokushisa koboya ngakho-ke izitini zingcono kakhulu ekuqhutshweni kokushisa kunoboya.

4. Ibha yensimbi eqinile eyindilinga inobude obuyimitha eli-1 kanye nendawo enqamulayo engamamitha-skwele angu-0,2. Ukushisa kwensimbi kungu-40 J/msC^oUma umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zensimbi u-10^oC, nquma izinga lokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa kwensimbi endukwini yensimbi!
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Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ubude bensimbi (l) = 1 m
Indawo yensimbi enqamula izingxenye (A) = 0,2 m²
Ukushisa kwensimbi (k) = 40 J/msC^o
Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zensimbi (ΔT) = 10^oC
Kubuziwe: Izinga lokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa (Q/t)
Impendulo:
Ifomula yesilinganiso sokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa:
Q/t = k A ΔT / l
Q/t = (40)(0,2)(10) / 1
Q/t = 80/1
Q/t = 80 Joules/isekhondi

5. Izinsimbi u-A no-B zinobude obufanayo nendawo efanayo. I-coefficient yokuqhuba yensimbi u-A iphindwe ka-1/6 kune-coefficient yokuqhuba yensimbi u-B. Zombili izinsimbi zishiswa kolunye uhlangothi futhi zombili zithola ushintsho olufanayo lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso samazinga okudlulisa ukushisa kwensimbi u-A no-B...
A. 6: 1
B. 1: 6
C. 1: 5
D. 2: 1
Isahluko 4: 1
Ingxoxo:

Dyazi :
k_A = 1/6 k_B = 1 / 6
k_B = 6/6 = 1
Kubuziwe :
Ukuqhathaniswa kwesilinganiso sokudluliselwa kokushisa ngensimbi A kanye nensimbi B?
Jawab :
Ifomula yesilinganiso sokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya :
Incazelo: Q/t = izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa, k = ukuqhuba ukushisa, A = indawo enqamula isigaba, T₁ = izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, T₂ = izinga lokushisa eliphansi, l = ubude bento.

Ubude kanye nendawo enqamula izinsimbi ezimbili zilingana ngakho-ke u-l no-A basuswa kulesi sibalo. Ushintsho lokushisa lwezinsimbi zombili lufana ukuze (T)₁ - T₂) isusiwe kulesi sibalo.
k_A :k_B
1/6: 6/6
1: 6
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

6. Kunamathiselwe izinto ezimbili eziqinile u-P no-Q ezinobukhulu obufanayo kodwa izinhlobo ezahlukene njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Uma i-coefficient yokuqhuba ukushisa ka-P iphindwe kathathu kune-coefficient yokuqhuba ukushisa ka-Q, khona-ke izinga lokushisa emngceleni ophakathi kuka-P no-Q...
A. 60 ^oC
B. 50 ^oC
C. 40 ^oC
D. 20 ^oC
E. 10 ^oC

Ingxoxo:
I-Diketahui :
T_P = 0 ^oC
T_Q = 80 ^oC
k_P = 3 k_Q = 3
k_Q = 1
Kubuziwe :
Izinga lokushisa endizeni yomngcele u-P no-Q?
Impendulo:

Ubukhulu bezinto ezimbili buyafana ngakho u-A no-l basuswa kulesi sibalo.
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

7. Inani lokushisa eligeleza ngomzuzwana ngento yensimbi:

(1) ngokulingana okuphambene nomehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili

(2) ilingana ngokuphambene nendawo enqamulelayo yento

(3) kuye ngohlobo lwezinto zensimbi

(4) ilingana ngokuphambene nobude bensimbi

Isitatimende esifanele sokwandisa izinga lokudluliselwa kokushisa ngokuqhutshwa komoya sithi…

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Ifomula yokudlulisa ukushisa ngokuqhutshwa:

Inani lokushisa eligeleza ngomzuzwana (Q/t)

Ngokuqondile ngokulingana nomehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili (T ₁ - T ₂ ).

Ngokuqondile ngokulingana nendawo enqamulelayo yento (A).

Ngokuqondile ngokulingana nohlobo lwezinto zensimbi (k = ukuhanjiswa kokushisa)

Kulingana ngokuphambene nobude bensimbi (l).

Izitatimende ezifanele ziyi-3 kanye ne-4.

8. Izinsimbi u-P, u-Q, no-R zilingana ngobukhulu. Ukuqhuba kwezinsimbi u-P, u-Q, no-R kungu-4k, u-2k, no-k, ngokulandelana. Zontathu zixhunywe ngokushisa emaphethelweni avulekile njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esilandelayo.

Izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuhlangana kwensimbi u-P no-Q (T _x ) li...

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Kuyaziwa:

Ukuqhuba kwensimbi P = 4k

Ukuqhuba kwensimbi Q = 2k

Ukuqhuba kwensimbi R = k

Izinga lokushisa eliphansi ekugcineni kwensimbi P (TP ₎ = 20 ^o C

Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu esicongweni sensimbi R (T _R ) = 160 ^o C

Okufunwayo: Izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuhlangana kwensimbi P ne-Q (T _x )

Impendulo:

Ifomula yokudlulisa ukushisa ngokuqhutshwa:

Imininingwane:

Q/t = izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa, k = ukuqhutshwa kokushisa, A = indawo enqamulayo, T ₁ = izinga lokushisa lokuqala, T ₂ = izinga lokushisa lokugcina, l = ubude benduku.

Ubude (l) kanye nendawo enqamula isigaba (A) ziyalingana ngakho zisusiwe kulesi sibalo.

Sebenzisa lesi sibalo ukuze ubale izinga lokushisa.

Cabanga ngezinduku zensimbi u-P no-Q.

Cabanga ngezinduku zensimbi u-Q no-R.

Ukuze uthole i-T _x , susa i-T _y :