Izibonelo zemibuzo yomfutho kanye neyokushukuma

Izibonelo eziyi-11 zemibuzo ye-Momentum kanye ne-Impulse

1. Ibhola elinesisindo esingu-0,2 kg liphonswa ngokuvundlile ngesivinini esingu-10 m/s bese lishaya udonga, bese ibhola libuyela emuva ngesivinini esifanayo. Ushintsho emgudwini webhola...
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2. Ibhola elinesisindo esingamagremu ayi-10 ukuwa kwamahhala kusukela ekuphakameni okuthile, ishaya phansi ngesivinini esingu-15 m/s bese igxuma iye phezulu ngesivinini esingu-10 m/s. Thola ukuthi i-pulse ingakanani!
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu ayi-10 = 0,01 kg
Ijubane lokuqala lebhola (v)_o) = -15 m/s
Ijubane lokugcina lebhola (v)_t) = 10 m/s
Kubuziwe : Impulse (I)
Jawab :
Ifomula yethiyori umfutho wokushukuma :
Ubukhulu bomfutho yilokhu:
I = 0,01 (10 – (-15)) = 0,01 (10 + 15)
I = 0,01 (25)
I = 0,25 kg m/s

3. Ibhola elingamagremu angu-200 liphonswa ngokuvundlile ngesivinini esingu-4 m/s, bese ibhola lishaywa ngendlela efanayo nokushaya kwebhola kokuqala. Isikhathi sokuxhumana kwebhola nebhethi singama-millisecond amabili, kanti ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushiya ibhethi lingu-12 m/s. Ubukhulu bamandla asetshenziswa yibhethi ebholeni…
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu ayi-200 = 0,2 kg
Ijubane lokuqala lebhola (v)_o) = 4 m/s
Ijubane lokugcina lebhola (v)_t) = 12 m/s
Isikhathi sokuxhumana (t) = 2 milliseconds = (2/1000) imizuzwana = 0,002 imizuzwana
Kubuziwe : Ubukhulu bamandla (F)
Jawab :
Ifomula yomfutho:
I = F t
Ifomula yokushintsha kwejubane:
mv_t – mv_o = m (v_t - v_o)
Ifomula yethiyori yomfutho-umfutho :
Amandla asetshenziswa yibhethi ebholeni angama-800 Newtons.

4. Ibhola elinobunzima obungamagremu angu-20 liphonswa ngesivinini esingu-v₁ = 4 ms^-1 ngakwesobunxele. Ngemva kokushaya udonga ibhola liyagxuma ngesivinini esingu-v₂ = 2 ms^-1 ngakwesokudla. Ubukhulu bomfutho okhiqizwayo bungu….

A. 0,24 Ns
B. 0,12 Ns
C. 0,08 Ns
D. 0,06 Ns
E. 0,04 Ns

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu ayi-20 = 0,020 kg
Isivinini sebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_o) = -4 m/s (ngakwesobunxele)
Isivinini sebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v)_t) = +2 m/s (ngakwesokudla)
v_o inikezwa uphawu olungeluhle ukuze ihlukanise indlela yayo ku-vt.
Kubuziwe: Ukushukuma
Impendulo:
I-Impulse (I) = ushintsho ku-momentum (Δp) = mv_t – mv_o
I-Impulse (I) = m (v)_t - v_o) = 0,02 (2 – (-4))
Umfutho (I) = 0,02 (2 + 4) = 0,02 (6)
I-Impulse (I) = 0,12 imizuzwana kaNewton.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

5. Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa amabhola amabili u-A (isisindo = 2 kg) kanye nebhola u-B (isisindo = 5 kg) ngaphambi nangemva kokushayisana. Uma ukushayisana kunwebeka ngokuphelele, khona-ke isivinini sebhola u-A ngaphambi kokushayisana….

A. 12 ms^-1

B. 10 ms ^-1

C. 5 ms ^-1

D. 4 ms ^-1

E. 2 ms ^-1

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Isisindo sebhola A (m_A) = 2 kg

Isisindo sebhola B (m_B) = 5 kg

Isivinini sebhola B ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_B) = 2 m/s

Isivinini sebhola A ngemva kokushayisana (v)_A') = 5 m/s

Isivinini sebhola B ngemva kokushayisana (v)_B') = 4 m/s

Womabili amabhola ngaphambi nangemva kokushayisana aya kwesokudla ukuze ijubane linikezwe uphawu oluhle.

Kubuziwe: Isivinini sebhola A ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_A)

Impendulo:

Bala isivinini sebhola A ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_A) kusetshenziswa umthetho wokulondolozwa komfutho we-momentum:

m_A v_A +m_B v_B = m_A v_A' + m_B v_B'

2(v _A ) + (5)(2) = (2)(5) + (5)(4)

2(v _A ) + 10 = 10 + 20

2(v _A ) + 10 = 30

2(v _A ) = 30 – 10

2(v _A ) = 20

v _A = 20/2

v_A = 10m/s

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

6. Izinto u-A no-B ziyanyakaza njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Uma kwenzeka ukushayisana okunwebeka ngokuphelele, ijubane lento u-B ngemva kokushayisana liba ngu-15 m/s.^-1, bese ijubane lento A ngemva kokushayisana...

A. 2 ms^-1

B. 4 ms ^-1

C. 8 ms ^-1

D. 10 ms ^-1

E. 12 ms ^-1

Ingxoxo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi:

Isisindo sento A (m _A ) = 5 kg

Isisindo sento B (m _B ) = 2 kg

Isivinini sento A ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_A) = 12 m/s

Isivinini sento B ngaphambi kokushayisana (v_B) = 10 m/s

Isivinini sento B ngemva kokushayisana (v_B') = 15 m/s

Zombili izinto ngaphambi nangemva kokushayisana ziya kwesokudla ukuze ijubane linikezwe uphawu oluhle.

Kubuziwe: Isivinini sento A ngemva kokushayisana (v)_A')

Impendulo:

Bala isivinini sebhola A ngaphambi kokushayisana (v)_A) kusetshenziswa umthetho wokulondolozwa komfutho we-momentum:

m_A v_A +m_B v_B = m_A v_A' + m_B v_B'

(5)(12) + (2)(10) = (5)v _A ' + (2) (15)

60 + 20 = (5)v _A ' + 30

80 = (5)v _A ' + 30

80 – 30 = (5)v _A '

50 = (5)v _A '

v _A ' = 50/5

v _A ' = 10 m/s

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

7. Ibhola le-ping pong linesisindo esingamagremu ama-5 ukuwa kwamahhala kusukela ekuphakameni okuthile (g = 10 ms^-2Uma ushaya phansi isivinini Ibhola le-6 ms^-1 futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokushaya phansi ibhola ligxuma phezulu ngesivinini esingu-4 ms^-1. Okukhulu ishayela Okusebenza ebholeni...

A. 0,50 Ns
B. 0,25 Ns
C. 0,10 Ns
D. 0,05 Ns
E. 0,01 Ns

Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu ayi-5 = 0,005 kg
Isivinini sebhola ngaphambi nje kokushaya phansi (v)_o) = -6 m/s
Isivinini sebhola ngokushesha ngemva kokushaya phansi (v)_t) = 4 m/s
Ijubane elihle nelibi lisho ukuthi isiqondiso sejubane lebhola noma isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana siphambene nesiqondiso sokunyakaza kwebhola ngemva kokushayisana.
Kubuziwe : Impulse (I)
Jawab :

Ithiyori yomfutho womfutho Isho lokho ishayela (I) okufanayo ushintsho emgqiqweni (Δp).
I = Δp = mv_t – mv_o = m (v_t - v_o)
I = (0,005)(4 – (-6)) = (0,005)(4 + 6) = (0,005)(10) = 0,05 Isekhondi likaNewton
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

8. Ibhola elinesisindo esingu-0,5 kg liwela ngokukhululeka lisuka ekuphakameni h.₁ = 7,2 m ngaphezu kwephansi futhi igxuma ifinyelele ukuphakama okungu-h₂ = 3,2 m. Uma ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi omhlaba = 10 ms^-2, umfutho osebenza ebholeni...
A. 2,0 Ns
B. 3,0 Ns
C. 10 Ns
D. 40 Ns
E. 80 Ns
Ingxoxo
I-Diketahui :
Isisindo sebhola (m) = 0,5 kg
Ukuphakama kwebhola lokuwa elikhululekile (h)₁) = 7,2 amamitha
Ukuphakama kwebhola eligxumayo (h)₂) = 3,2 amamitha
Ukusheshisa komhlaba okudonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s²
Kubuziwe : Ukusabela okunamandla ebholeni
Jawab :
Isivinini sebhola ngaphambi nje kokushaya (v)_o)
Bala ijubane lebhola ngaphambi nje kokushaya usebenzisa ifomula yokuwa yamahhala. Uma unikezwe ukuphakama (h) = amamitha angu-7,2, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s² futhi wacela isivinini sokugcina ngaphambi nje kokushaya phansi, ngakho-ke sebenzisa ifomula v² = 2 gh
v_o² = 2(10)(7,2) = 144
v_o = 2(10)(7,2) = 12 m/s
Isivinini sebhola ngaphambi kokushaya (v)_o) ingu -12 m/s. Uphawu olunegethivu lubonisa kuphela isiqondiso.
Isivinini sebhola ngokushesha ngemva kokushayisana (v)_t)
Bala ijubane lebhola ngokushesha ngemva kokushaya usebenzisa ifomula yokunyakaza okuqonde phezulu. Uma unikezwe ukuphakama (h) = amamitha angu-3,2, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = -10 m/s², ijubane lokugcina ekuphakameni okuphezulu (v_t²) = 0 futhi isivinini sokuqala sibuzwa ngokushesha ngemva kokushaya phansi, ngakho-ke sebenzisa ifomula v_t² =v_o² + 2 gh
v_t² =v_o² + 2 gh
0 = v_o² + 2 (-10)(3,2)
v_o² = 64
v_o = √64 = 8 m/s
Isivinini sebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v)_t) ingu-8 m/s
Ukusabela okunamandla ebholeni (I)
I-Impulse ibalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula ye-impulse-momentum theorem.
I-Impulse (I) = ushintsho ku-momentum (Δp)
I = m (v_t - v_o) = (0,5)(8-(-12)) = (0,5)(8 + 12) = 0,5(20) = 10 imizuzwana ye-Newton
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

9. Ibhola elingamagremu ayi-100 liphonswa ngokuvundlile ngesivinini esingama-5 m/s. Ibhola libe selishaywa ngendlela efanayo neyasekuqaleni. Uma ibhola lihlala lithintana nebhethi isikhathi esingama-2 ms futhi ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushiya ibhethi lingu-10 m/s, ubukhulu bamandla asetshenziswa yibhethi...
A. 200 N
B. 250 N
C. 300 N
D. 350 N
E. 400 N
Ingxoxo:

I-Diketahui :
m = amagremu ayi-100 = 0,1 kg
v_o = +5 m/s
t = 2 milliseconds = 2 x 10^-3 okwesibili
v_t = +10 m/s
Kubuziwe :
Amandla asetshenziswa ngumshayi ebholeni (F)?
Jawab :
Ifomula yomfutho :
I = F t
Ifomula yokushintsha kwejubane :
Ithiyori yomfutho womfutho :
Umfutho = ushintsho kumfutho

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

10. Ibhola elinesisindo esingu-0,1 kg liphonswa ngokuvundlile ngakwesokudla ngesivinini esingu-20 m/s. Ngemva kokushaywa, ibhola liya ngakwesobunxele ngesivinini esingu-30 m/s. Umfutho onikezwa yibhethi ebholeni uthi….
A. 4 Ns
B. –4 Ns
C. 5 N s
D. –5 Ns
E. 10 N s
Ingxoxo:
I-Diketahui :
m = 0,1 kg, v_o = +20 m/s, v_t = -30 m/s
Kubuziwe :
Umfutho (I)?
Jawab :
Umfutho = ushintsho kumfutho
I = m (v_t - v_o) = (0,1)(-30 – 20) = (0,1)(-50) = -5 Ns
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

11. Ibhola le-baseball elingu-0,5 kg liqala liye kwesobunxele ngesivinini esingu-2 m/s. Bese ibhola lishaywa ngamandla u-F aphambene nokunyakaza kwebhola, ngakho isivinini sebhola siyashintsha sibe ngu-5 m/s. Uma ibhola lithintana nebhethi imizuzwana engu-0,01, ushintsho kumfutho lu...
A. 8,0 kg m/s
B. 6,5 kg m/s
C. 5,5 kg m/s
D. 3,5 kg m/s
E. 2,5 kg m/s
Ingxoxo:
I-Diketahui :
m = 0,5 kg, v_o = -2 m/s, v_t = 5 m/s, t = 0,01 imizuzwana
Kubuziwe :
Ushintsho lomfutho?
Jawab :
Ushintsho ku-momentum = m (v)_t - v_o) = (0,5)(5 – (-2)) = (0,5)(7) = 3,5 kg m/s = 3,5 N s
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.