Nharaunda yakakura yeIndonesia
Indonesia, chitsuwa chiri pakati peGungwa reIndia nePacific, ine nzvimbo yakakura uye yakasiyana-siyana. Inozivikanwa senyika ine zvitsuwa zvakawanda pasi rose, Indonesia ine zvitsuwa zvinopfuura 17.000, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yenyika dzine mahombekombe marefu. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora nzvimbo yakakura yeIndonesia, kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu, uye nhaka yayo yetsika.
Nzvimbo yeIndonesia
Panyaya yenzvimbo, Indonesia iri kuSoutheast Asia uye inotambanuka ne equator, zvichiita kuti ive nemamiriro ekunze ekupisa munzvimbo zhinji dzayo. Nyika iyi ine miganhu nenyika dzinoverengeka, kusanganisira Papua New Guinea kumabvazuva, Malaysia kuchamhembe, uye Timor Leste kumabvazuva. Nzvimbo yeIndonesia haina kungoganhurana nedzimwe nyika chete asiwo inobatanidza makondinendi eAsia neAustralia.
Indonesia ine zvitsuwa zvishanu zvikuru: Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, nePapua. Uyezve, Indonesia ine zvitsuwa zvidiki zvakawanda zvakapararira mumapurovhinzi akasiyana-siyana. Chimwe nechimwe chezvitsuwa izvi, chikuru nechidiki, chine hunhu hwakasiyana, hunosanganisira nzvimbo, maruva nemhuka, uye tsika dzevanhu vayo.
Zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana
Nyika yakakura yeIndonesia inobatsira zvikuru mukusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu. Indonesia inozivikanwa seimwe yenyika dzine huwandu hwakanyanya hwezvinhu zvipenyu pasi rose. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusiyana-siyana kwezvakatipoteredza zvayo, kubva kumasango emvura anonaya mvura nemakomo kusvika kumakungwa ane zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Panyika, Indonesia ine masango ane miti yakawanda, kunyanya muKalimantan nePapua. Masango aya ane mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira dzimwe mhando dzisingawanikwe kune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai seBornean orangutan neJavan rhinoceros. Indonesia inewo mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai seruva reRafflesia nemwedzi orchid.
Mugungwa, Indonesia chikamu chekorari yepasi rose, ine marudzi ehove anopfuura 3.000 uye marudzi emakorari mazana matanhatu. Mvura yeIndonesia inoshandawo senzira dzekutama kwemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana dzemugungwa, dzakadai semawhale ebhuruu neshaki dzewhale. Kupfuma uku kunoita kuti Indonesia ive nzvimbo inotungamira yekushanya kwegungwa pasi rose.
Pfuma Yetsika
Kusiyana kweIndonesia kuri pachena kwete chete pakuchengetedza nharaunda asiwo patsika. Nemapoka emadzinza anopfuura mazana matatu nemitauro yemunharaunda inopfuura mazana manomwe, Indonesia ndeimwe yenyika dzine tsika dzakasiyana pasi rose. Dunhu rega rega rine tsika dzaro dzakasiyana, kubva pakutamba nemimhanzi kusvika kumitambo yechivanhu nezvipfeko.
Semuenzaniso, chitsuwa cheBali chinozivikanwa nekutamba kwacho kwechivanhu nemimhanzi, pamwe nemitambo yetsika inoitwa nevanhu veko. MuJava, hunyanzvi hwekuveza mapupa hwakazivikanwa senhaka yetsika yepasi rose yeUNESCO. Panguva imwe chete, muSumatra, vanhu veBatak vanozivikanwa nekutamba kwavo kwetsika, kutamba kwechivanhu kunova chikamu chakakosha chemitambo yavo.
Kunze kwehunyanzvi netsika, Indonesia inewo nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubika. Dunhu rega rega rine ndiro dzakasiyana dzinoratidza huwandu hwezvinonhuwira nezvinhu zvinowanikwa munharaunda. Dzimwe ndiro dzeIndonesia dzinozivikanwa pasi rose dzinosanganisira rendang kubva kuWest Sumatra, satay kubva kuJava, uye papeda kubva kuPapua.
Matambudziko nemikana
Pasinei nenzvimbo yayo yakakura uye zviwanikwa zvakawanda, Indonesia inosanganawo nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru ibudiriro yakaenzana uye manejimendi yezviwanikwa inoenderera mberi. Nezvitsuwa zvayo zvakawanda uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, haasi matunhu ese muIndonesia akasvika padanho rimwe chete rebudiriro, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwehupfumi nemagariro evanhu.
Nyaya dzezvakatipoteredza dzinowanzo netsawo, tichifunga nezvekutyisidzira kukuru kuri kukonzerwa nekutemwa kwemiti, kusvibiswa kwemhepo, uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Hurumende yeIndonesia, masangano akasiyana-siyana, nenharaunda dziri kushanda pari zvino kuchengetedza zvisikwa kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchengetedza.
Zvisinei, pasinei nematambudziko aya, Indonesia ine mikana yakakura yekuwedzera kugona kwayo. Nzvimbo yayo yakanaka uye zviwanikwa zvayo zvakawanda zvinopa mukana wekuva simba guru rehupfumi hwepasi rose. Chikamu chekushanya, kunyanya, chine mukana wekufambira mberi, tichifunga nezvenzvimbo dzechisikigo netsika dzenyika.
Mhedziso
Nyika yakakura yeIndonesia ine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezviwanikwa zvechisikigo netsika. Kubva kuSabang kusvika kuMerauke, kubva kuMiangas kusvika kuRote Island, nzvimbo yega yega yeIndonesia ine nhoroondo yayo yakasiyana uye yakasiyana. Kusiyana uku hakusi kungodada chete asiwo mutoro wekuchengetedza nekukuchengetedza zvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Nekushanda pamwe chete pakati pehurumende nevanhu, pamwe nerutsigiro kubva kunharaunda yepasi rose, Indonesia inogona kukunda matambudziko akasiyana-siyana uye kuwedzera mikana yekuva nyika yakasimba uye yakabudirira. Kuwirirana pakati pevanhu nezvisikwa, mukati meBhinneka Tunggal Ika (Kubatana Mukusiyana), kunofanira kuramba kuchichengetwa nekupembererwa. Iyi ndiyo revo chaiyo yerudzi rukuru rwakapfuma murunako uye kugona.
