Kufamba kwedenderedzwa

Hupenyu hwedu nhasi hwava nyore uye hwakasununguka nekuvapo kwemotokari dzine mavhiri, michina yemazuva ano yakaita semajenareta, michina yekugaya, mafeni, michina yekugeda uswa, michina yekupfapfaidza maruva nezvimwewo. Motokari dzine mavhiri dzakadai semabhasikoro, midhudhudhu, mota nendege hazvigone kufamba kana dzisina mavhiri kana mavhiri asingatenderere. Maherikoputa kana ndege hazvigone kubhururuka kana mapropeller adzo asingatenderere. Ngarava hadzigone kufamba nechikepe kana majenareta adzo asingatenderere. Husiku, imba inova rima uye hapana varaidzo kana jenareta kana gwenya risingashande. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita kufamba kwedenderedzwa zuva rega rega. Kunyangwe tisingazvizivi, nyika yatinogara pairi, mwedzi unotivhenekera husiku, masatelaiti ekugadzira akadai semasatellite ekutaurirana anotumira mafungu emagetsi eterevhizheni, redhiyo, nharembozha, uye nhepfenyuro dzeinternet, anogara achitenderera, zvichinzi achifamba mudenderedzwa nguva dzese.

Chinhu chinonzi chiri mukufamba kwedenderedzwa kana nzira yacho yakatenderera. Huwandu hwemuviri mukufamba kwedenderedzwa hunosanganisira huwandu hwe angular (huwandu hwekufamba kwedenderedzwa) uye huwandu hwakatsetseka (huwandu hwekufamba kwe rectilinear). Huwandu hwe angular hunosanganisira kufamba kwe angular, kumhanya kwe angular, uye kukurumidza kwe angular. Huwandu hwakatsetseka huwandu hwakaita sekufamba kwakatwasuka, kusanganisira kufamba (daro), kumhanya (kumhanya), uye kukurumidza. Kusiyana neizvi, huwandu hwekufamba kwedenderedzwa hunowanzo kunzi huwandu hwe angular . Mukufamba kwedenderedzwa, huwandu hwakatsetseka hunoenderana nehuwandu hwe angular.

Chinja mayuniti ekona (madhigirii, ma radians, ma revolutions)

1. ¼ turn = ….. ^o (madhigirii)?
Kukurukurirana
Kutenderera kamwe chete = 360^o
½ kutendeuka = ​​180^o
¼ turn = 90^o

2. ½ turn = …….. radians?
Kukurukurirana
1 revolution = 2 pi radians = 2(3,14) radians = 6,28 radians
½ turn = pi radians = 3,14 radians

3. 180^o (180 degrees) = ….. kutenderera kana chimurenga ?
Kukurukurirana
360^o = denderedzwa rimwe (1) chimurenga)
180^o = ½ kutendeuka (1/2) chimurenga)

4. 90^o = ….. ma radians ?
Kukurukurirana
360^o = 2 pi radians = 2(3,14) radians = 6,28 radians
180^o = pi radians = 3,14 radians
90^o = ½ pi radian = ½ (3,14) = 1,57

5. Ma radians makumi matanhatu = ….. kutenderera?
Kukurukurirana
6,28 radians = 1 revolution
Maredhiyani makumi matanhatu/6,28 = 9,55 revolutions

6. Madhiyani makumi mana = ….. ^o (madhigirii)?
Kukurukurirana
6,28 radian = 360^o
Ma radians makumi mana/6,28 = (6,37)(360^o= = 2292,99^o

Kumhanya kwekona

Muenzaniso wezvinetso.
1. Vhiri rinotenderera newachi, zvichiita kona ye180^o kwemasekonzi maviri uye makumi mapfumbamwe^o kwesekondi imwe chete. Tsvaga hukuru uye gwara reavhareji yekukurumidza kwekona!
Kukurukurirana
Huru = 9^o/yechipiri = …. chimurenga/yechipiri = ….. radian/yechipiri ?
Kutungamira = kutungamira newachi.

2. Vhiri rinotenderera newachi, zvichiita kona ye360^o kwemasekondi mana, vhiri rinotenderera 180^o kwemasekondi maviri achipesana newachi. Mangani kumhanya kweavhareji kwekona vhiri?
Kukurukurirana
Huru = 3^o/yechipiri = …. chimurenga/yechipiri = ….. radian/yechipiri ?
Kutungamira = kutungamira newachi.

Kumhanya Kwekona Kwepakarepo
Ukuru hwekukurumidza kwekona kwekona = hukuru hwekufamba kwekona kwekona mukati menguva pfupi.
Mukufamba kwakatwasuka kana kuti kwakatwasuka, kumhanya kwakanyanya zvinogona kunzi kumhanya karena kufamba kukuru kukosha kwakaenzana ne jarak kana iri diki kwazvo. Ichifamba-famba sedenderedzwa, kumhanya kukuru kwekona zvinogona kunzi kumhanya kwekona karena kusuduruka kukuru kwekona kukosha kwakaenzana ne jarak kona kana iri diki kwazvo.

Avhareji yeKukurumidza kweAngular
Muenzaniso wezvinetso.
1. Windmill inotanga yakamira kwenguva pfupi yozotenderera nekuda kwekunge yafuridzirwa nemhepo. Mushure memasekonzi maviri, kumhanya kwekona kunowedzera kusvika pa90°.^o/s. Marii? avhareji yekumhanya kwekona mhepo yekufambisa mhepo?
Kukurukurirana
Paavhareji, kumhanya kukuru kwekona mawindmills akawedzera ne45^o/s sekondi imwe neimwe.

2. Pakutanga puropeller inotenderera nekumhanya kwe180^o/s, mushure memasekonzi maviri inomira kutenderera. Mangani avhareji yekuderera kwekona mhepo yekufambisa mhepo?
Kukurukurirana
Paavhareji, kumhanya kukuru kwekona mawindmills aderedzwa ne90^o/s sekondi imwe neimwe.

Kukurumidza Kukurumidza Kwekona
Kukurumidza kwe angular acceleration kunowanzo pfupikiswa se angular acceleration. Kukurumidza kwe angular acceleration kuchinja kwe angular velocity munguva pfupi. Masvomhu:

Nguva uye Kuwanda Kwekufamba Kwedenderedzwa
Nguva yacho inotaura nguva inodiwa kuti chinhu chimwe chipedzise kutenderera kamwe chete, ukuwo frequency yacho ichireva huwandu hwekutenderera kwesekondi.
Hukama huripo pakati penguva nenguva hunoratidzwa kuburikidza ne equation:
f = 1/T
Chikamu chepasi rose chenguva ndechechipiri, chikamu chepasi rose chehurongwa hwema frequency i1/sekondi kana kuti hertz.

Kumhanya uye Kumhanya kweAngular
Kumhanya kwetangential uye kumhanya kwekona kwechinhu chinofamba mudenderedzwa zvinogona kuratidzwa zvichienderana nenguva uye frequency.
Kukura kwekumhanya kwechinhu chinoita kufamba kwedenderedzwa kunoratidzwa ne equation:
Kukura kwekukurumidza kwekona kwechinhu chinofamba mudenderedzwa kunoratidzwa ne equation:
Information :

Muenzaniso wezvinetso

1. Mavhiri maviri A neB ane nhamba yemazino 20 ne50 zvakateerana anoiswa pamwe chete kuitira kuti giya rega rega rienderane. Kana vhiri A rikatenderera ka50 musekondi imwe, kumhanya kwevhiri B ndiko….

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa:

Nhamba yemazino ari pavhiri A = 20

Nhamba yemazino ari pavhiri B = 50

Kumhanya kwevhiri A ( ω _A ) = 50 revolutions/second

1 revolution = 2π radians

(50)(2π radians)/sekondi = 100π radians/sekondi

Mubvunzo: Kumhanya kwevhiri B ( ω _B )

Mhinduro:

Kumhanya kwevhiri A: v _A = r _A ω _A

Kumhanya kwevhiri B: v _B = r _B ω _B

Mavhiri maviri aya akabatana saka kumhanya kwawo kwakafanana.

v _A = v _B

r _A ω _A = r _B ω _B

(20)( 100π rad/s) = (50)(ω _B )

(2)(100π rad/s) = (5)(ω _B )

(2)(20π rad/s) = ω _B

ω _B = 40π rad/s

2. Mibvunzo yebvunzo dzenyika dzeSMA/MA dzegore ra2017

Tarisa mufananidzo unotevera.

Mudhudhudhu uri kufamba nekona ine kona yekutsvedza α (tan α = 2/5) kuenda padivi pemugwagwa. Kumhanya kwakanyanya kudzivirira mudhudhudhu kuti usatsvedze i20 ms ^-1 . Ndeipi radius yekona?

A. 50 m

B. 100 m

C. 200 m

D. 250 m

E. 400 m

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

Kumhanya kwakanyanya (v) = 20 m/s

tangent α = 2/5

Kukosha kwekukweshana kwakasimba (μ _s ) = tangent α = 2/5

Mubvunzo: Nharaunda yekukombama (r)

Mhinduro:

Fomura yekumhanyisa kweCentripetal:

Information :

a _s = kukurumidza kwepakati, v = kumhanya, r = nharaunda yekukombama

Simba remota rinongoerekana ramira pamota painotenderera ndiro rinongoerekana ramira. Nzira yekudzikama kwemota ndeiyi:

Information :

fs ₌ simba rekukweshana kwakasimba, μ _s = chiyero chekukweshana kwakasimba, w = huremu, m ​​= huremu, g = kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti

Fomura yechipiri yaNewton yekufamba kwedenderedzwa:

Mhinduro chaiyo ndeiyi B.

3. Mibvunzo yebvunzo dzenyika dzeSMA/MA dzegore ra2017

Mavhiri mana akabatana sezvakaratidzwa pazasi!

Nharaunda R_A = 6 cm, R_B = 3 cm, R_C = 2 cm uye R_D = 5 cm uye vhiri A rinotenderera nekumhanya kwakanangana kwe3 ms^-1, ipapo kumhanya kwevhiri D kuri pakona imwe chete…

Kukurukurirana

Zvinozivikanwa kuti:

R _A = 6 cm = 0,06 m, R _B = 3 cm = 0,03 m, R _C = 2 cm = 0,02 m, R _D = 5 cm = 0,05 m.

v _A = 3 ms ^-1

Mubvunzo: kumhanya kwevhiri D ( ω _D ) kwekona

Mhinduro:

Kumhanya kwevhiri A:

v _A = r _A ω _A

ω _A = v _A / r _A = 3 / 0,06 = 50 rad/s

Mavhiri A neB anotenderera nekumhanya kwakafanana kwekona.

ω _A = ω _B = 50 rad/s

Kumhanya kwevhiri B:

ω _B = 50 rad/s

Kumhanya kwevhiri B:

v _B = r _B ω _B

v _B = (0,03)(50 rad/s)

v _B = 1,5 m/s

Vhiri B nevhiri C zvine kumhanya kwakafanana.

v _B = v _C = 1,5 m/s

Vhiri C nevhiri D zvine kumhanya kwakafanana.

v _C = v _D = 1,5 m/s

Kumhanya kwevhiri D:

ω _D = v _D / r _D = 1,5 / 0,05 = 30 rad/s