Mibvunzo Yemuenzaniso Yebasa Reruzha
Kupararira kweruzha chiitiko chinoitika kana mafungu maviri eruzha ane frequency yakafanana akabatana. Chiitiko ichi chinokonzera kushanduka-shanduka kwehukuru hweruzha rwunobva, rwunonzwikwa senzira yekukwira nekudzika inozivikanwa se "floating" kana "beating." Chiitiko ichi chinowanzoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira kugadzirisa zviridzwa zvemimhanzi uye mainjiniya eaudio. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura pfungwa yekupararira kweruzha uye kupa mienzaniso yakati wandei yezvinetso kuti zvikubatsire kunzwisisa musoro wenyaya.
Dzidziso Yekutanga Yebasa Reruzha
Kana mafungu maviri eruzha ane mafrequency f1 ne f2 akabatanidzwa, ruzha rwunobva rwava neavhareji yefrequency uye amplitude inosiyana pafrequency yakaenzana nemusiyano uripo pakati pemafrequency maviri ekutanga. Nemamwe mashoko, frequency yekurova fb inogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa fomura:
\[ f_b = |f_1 – f_2| \]
Kutenderera uku kunonzwika sekunge kushanduka-shanduka kwehuwandu hweruzha, uye chiitiko ichi chinogona kuratidzwa mu equation yemasvomhu inotsanangura superposition yemafungu maviri e sinusoidal. Ngatitii mafungu maviri anotsanangurwa seizvi:
\[ y_1(t) = A \chivi(2\pi f_1 t) \]
\[ y_2(t) = A \chivi(2\pi f_2 t) \]
Saka, mhedzisiro yakabatanidzwa yemafungu maviri ndeiyi:
\[ y(t) = y_1(t) + y_2(t) = A \chivi(2\pi f_1 t) + A \chivi(2\pi f_2 t) \]
Uchishandisa hunhu hwetrigonometric hwehuwandu hwemasine, equation iyi inogona kunyorwazve seizvi:
\[ y(t) = 2A \cos\left(2\pi \frac{f_1 + f_2}{2} t\right) \sin\left(2\pi \frac{f_1 – f_2}{2} t\right) \]
Kubva muequation iri pamusoro apa, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti amplitude of variability inotemerwa ne sine yefrequency yewave.
Mibvunzo Yemuenzaniso Yebasa Reruzha
Kuti tinzwisise zvakadzama nezvekufambiswa kweruzha, ngatiedzei mienzaniso yemibvunzo inotevera:
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 1:
Maforogo maviri ekutuning anorira panguva imwe chete. Forogo yekutanga yekutuning ine frequency ye256 Hz, uye forogo yechipiri yekutuning ine frequency ye260 Hz. Ruzha rwunonzwika runoita frequency yakadii?
Mhinduro:
Kuwanda kwebasa kunogona kuverengerwa ne:
\[ f_b = |f_1 – f_2| = |260 \, \text{Hz} – 256 \, \text{Hz}| = 4 \, \text{Hz} \]
Saka, frequency inonzwika ndeye 4 Hz.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 2:
Muimbi anonzwa ruzha runodedera kashanu pasekondi paanoenzanisa kurira kwetambo mbiri dzegitare. Kana tambo imwe ikadedera pa440 Hz, sarudza kuti tambo imwe yacho inodedera kangani.
Mhinduro:
Sezvo kudedera kunoitika kashanu pasekondi, frequency yekudedera ndeye 5 Hz. Izvi zvinoreva:
\[ |f_1 – f_2| = 5 \, \mashoko{Hz} \]
Kana imwe yemafrequencies iri 440 Hz, imwe frequencies inogona kuva:
\[ f_2 = 440 \, \text{Hz} + 5 \, \text{Hz} = 445 \, \text{Hz} \]
kana
\[ f_2 = 440 \, \text{Hz} – 5 \, \text{Hz} = 435 \, \text{Hz} \]
Saka, mafrequency anogoneka eimwe tambo ndeye 435 Hz kana 445 Hz.
Muenzaniso Mubvunzo 3:
Maspika maviri anoburitsa manzwi ane mafrequency akasiyana zvishoma. Kana mafrequency emutauri wekutanga ari 512 Hz uye munhu akanzwa ruzha rune frequency ye2 Hz, sarudza mafrequency maviri anogona kushandiswa emutauri wechipiri.
Mhinduro:
Sezvo vanhu vachinzwa ruzha rune frequency ye2 Hz, zvinoreva:
\[ |f_1 – f_2| = 2 \, \mashoko{Hz} \]
Kana frequency yemutauri wekutanga iri 512 Hz, saka frequency yemutauri wechipiri inogona kuva:
\[ f_2 = 512 \, \text{Hz} + 2 \, \text{Hz} = 514 \, \text{Hz} \]
kana
\[ f_2 = 512 \, \text{Hz} – 2 \, \text{Hz} = 510 \, \text{Hz} \]
Saka, mafrequency maviri anogona kushandiswa emutauri wechipiri ndeaya 510 Hz kana 514 Hz.
Chikumbiro Chebasa Reruzha
Basa remanzwi harisi redzidzo chete; mukuita, rinoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana:
1. Kugadzirisa Zviridzwa Zvemimhanzi: Mumimhanzi, kugadzirisa zviridzwa kunoshandiswa kugadzirisa zviridzwa. Semuenzaniso, kana manotsi maviri akafanana akaridzwa pamwe chete, muimbi anoteerera kugadzirisa zviridzwa uye anogadzirisa chimwe chezviridzwa kusvika kugadzirisa kwapera, zvichiratidza kuti zviviri izvi zvanyatsoenderana.
2. Unyanzvi hweKuteerera: Mukurekodha uye kugadzira ruzha, dzimwe nguva ma overlay anoshandiswa kugadzira mamwe manzwi. Ma overlay akafanana anogona kuwedzera magadzirirwo uye kudzika kwenzwi.
3. Kuongororwa Kwehunyanzvi: Zvimwe zvishandiso zvekuongorora ruzha muinjiniya yemakanika kana yemagetsi zvinoshandisa ruzha kuongorora kusarongeka kana kusarongeka mumasisitimu anotenderera kana anodedera nekuona kusiyana kweruzha rwemuchina.
Mhedziso
Kunzwisisa kufamba kweruzha kwakakosha mudzidziso uye mumabasa. Nekunyatsoongorora pfungwa iyi kuburikidza nemienzaniso chaiyo uye mashandisirwo, tinogona kuona kuti kufamba kweruzha hakusi chinhu chinonakidza chete asiwo chishandiso chinoshanda mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvidzidzo. Kudzidza kuburikidza nekufamba kweruzha kunovhura mukana wekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka mukugadzirisa zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, matekiniki ekurekodha ruzha, uye mamwe matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana ekuongorora.
