Munyaya yeElectric Field , takurukura tsananguro nefomura yemagetsi inogona kushandiswa kuverenga simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nechaji imwe chete yemagetsi, machaji akawanda emagetsi kana nekugoverwa kwechaji dzemagetsi. Kuverengwa kwesimba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nechaji yemagetsi kana machaji maviri emagetsi kunogadziriswa zviri nyore uchishandisa fomura yesimba remagetsi. Kana chiri kuverengwa chiri simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nechaji yemagetsi, kuverenga kwacho kwakaoma kana uchishandisa fomura yesimba remagetsi asi kuri nyore kana uchishandisa mutemo waGauss . Usati wadzidza mutemo waGauss zvakadzama, tanga wanzwisisa flux yemagetsi nekuti pfungwa yeflux yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumutemo waGauss.
Kunzwisisa Kuyerera Kwemagetsi
Izwi rekuti flux rinobva pashoko rechiLatini, fluere , rinoreva kuyerera. Chaizvoizvo, flux yemagetsi inogona kutsanangurwa sekuyerera kwemunda wemagetsi. Izwi rekuti flow pano harirevi munda wemagetsi unoyerera semvura inoyerera, asi rinotsanangura kuvapo kwemunda wemagetsi unonongedzera kune rimwe divi. Munyaya yeElectric Field Lines, zvakatsanangurwa kuti minda yemagetsi inoonekwa kana kuratidzwa uchishandisa minda yemagetsi, saka flux inoratidzwawo seminda yemagetsi. Saka flux imitsetse yemagetsi inopfuura nepanzvimbo yakati, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Fomura
Pamasvomhu, flux yemagetsi ichibereko chemunda wemagetsi (E), nzvimbo yepamusoro (A) uye cosine yekona iri pakati 
mitsetse yemagetsi ine mitsetse yakajairika yakatwasuka pamusoro.
Φ = EA cos θ …………. (Equation 1)
Kana mitsetse yemagetsi yakatarisana nenzvimbo yepamusoro yavanopfuura nayo sezviri mumufananidzo, ipapo kona iri pakati pemitsetse yemagetsi nemutsetse wakajairika i0o, uko 0o = 1. Saka fomura 
yakashandurwa kuita:
Φ = EA cos 0o = EA (1)
Φ = EA …………. (Equation 2)
Zvichibva pafomura yeflux iri pamusoro apa, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kupedzwa. Chekutanga , flux iri pamutengo wayo wepamusoro kana mutsetse wemagetsi wakatarisana nenzvimbo yepamusoro nekuti mumamiriro iwayo kona iri pakati pemutsetse wemagetsi nemutsetse wakajairika iri 0 o , apo kukosha kwecosine kwe0 o kuri 1. Chechipiri , flux iri pamutengo wayo wepasi kana mutsetse wemagetsi wakaenzana nenzvimbo yepamusoro nekuti mumamiriro iwayo kona iri pakati pemutsetse wemagetsi nemutsetse wakajairika iri 90 o , apo kukosha kwecosine kwe90 o kuri 0. Chechitatu , flux inoenderana nemunda wemagetsi (E) nenzvimbo yepamusoro (A). Kuwedzera kune nzvimbo yepamusoro ine rectangular sezviri mumuenzaniso uri pamusoro, nzvimbo yepamusoro inogonawo kuva yakatenderera nezvimwe.
Pamusoro Pakafukidzwa
Kuyerera kwemagetsi kwakatsanangurwa kare kwakashandisa muenzaniso wenzvimbo yakavhurika (nzvimbo ine sikweya kana rectangular). Ko kuyerera kwemvura panzvimbo yakavharwa senge cube, block, kana sphere? Ngatitii kune mitsetse yemagetsi inopfuura nepakati peblock, sezviri mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Mitsetse yemagetsi ine ruvara rwebhuruu inoenderana nepamusoro nepazasi pedanda kuti igadzire kona ye90o nemitsara yakajairika yepamusoro nepazasi. Saka kuyerera kwepamusoro nepazasi pedanda iri Φ = EA cos 90o = EA (0) = 0.
Mitsetse yemagetsi ine ruvara rweyero inoenderana nerutivi rwerudyi nerweruboshwe rwedanda kuitira kuti vagadzire kona ye90o nemitsara yakajairika yenzvimbo dziri kuruboshwe nedzerudyi. Saka kufamba kwenzvimbo dziri kurudyi nedzeruboshwe dzebhokisi iri Φ = EA cos 90o = EA (0) = 0.
Mitsetse yemagetsi ine ruvara rutsvuku yakatarisana nechemberi nechekumashure kwebhuroko, ichigadzira kona ye0o nemitsara yakajairika yenzvimbo dzepamberi nedzekumashure. Saka kuyerera kuri Φ = EA cos 0o = EA (1) = E A.
Mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, mitsara mitsvuku yemagetsi inoonekwa ichifamba mubhuroko yozobuda mubhuroko. Kana mitsara yemagetsi ichifamba mubhuroko sekunge kune chaji isina kunaka mubhuroko, flux inova negative. Kusiyana neizvi, kana mitsara yemagetsi ichifamba mubhuroko sekunge kune chaji yakanaka mubhuroko, flux yemagetsi inova negative. Zvichienderana nemaonero kana pasina kuverengwa, kana nhamba yemitsara yemagetsi inopinda mubhuroko yakafanana nenhamba yemitsara yemagetsi inopinda mubhuroko, flux inobuda izero. Zvichienderana nekuverenga, flux yemagetsi inopinda mubhuroko inoverengwa seizvi: flux inopinda = Φ 1 = – EA cos 0 o = – EA (1) = -EA uye flux inobuda = Φ 2 = + EA cos 0 o = + EA (1) = +E A. Kuyerera kwese kuri Φ = -Φ 1 + Φ 2 = -EA + EA = 0.
Zvichibva pakuverenga kuri pamusoro apa, zvinogumiswa kuti huwandu hwese hunopfuura nepabhuroko, sezvakaratidzwa pamufananidzo uri pamusoro, izero. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti huwandu hwese huzere nekuti hapana chaji yemagetsi mukati mebhuroko. Saka, kana pasina chaji yemagetsi mukati menzvimbo yakavharwa senge block, cube, sphere, kana chimwe chinhu, huwandu hwese huzere izero. Ko kana paine chaji yemagetsi mukati menzvimbo yakavharwa?
Ngatitii pane chaji yemagetsi pakati pebhora sezvakaratidzwa pamufananidzo uri kurudyi. Mitsetse mina yemagetsi inoratidzwa inomiririra mimwe mitsara yemagetsi inofamba ichibva pakati pebhora yakatarisana nepamusoro pebhora. Mutsetse wega wega wakatarisana nepamusoro pebhora raunopfuura naro, uchigadzira kona ye0 ° nemutsetse wakajairika wakatarisana nepamusoro pebhora.
Kuyerera kwemagetsi muchikamu:
Fomura yekusimba kwesimba remagetsi ndeye E = k Q / r 2 uye fomura yenzvimbo yepamusoro yesphere ndeye A = 4 π r 2 kuitira kuti fomura yeflux ichinje kuita:
Kana chaji iri pakati pebhora iri +2Q, zvinoreva kuti kuyerera kwebhora iri mubhora iri
Zvichibva pafomura iri pamusoro apa, zvakagumiswa kuti kana paine chaji yemagetsi mukati menzvimbo yakatenderera yakavharwa, zvinoreva kuti kukosha kwechaji muchikamu hakudei nedhayamita kana radius yechikamu. Kukosha kwechaji yemagetsi i4πk kakapetwa kupfuura chaji yemagetsi yese iri mukati mechikamu kana ka1/ε o kakapetwa kupfuura chaji yemagetsi yese iri mukati mechikamu.
Chigadzirwa chemagetsi cheFlux
Fomura yekutanga yeflux ndeye Φ = EA, apo E ndiyo simba remagetsi uye A ndiyo nzvimbo yepamusoro. Chikamu chemagetsi iNewton paCoulomb (N/C) uye chikamu chenzvimbo yepamusoro isquare meter (m 2 ) saka chikamu cheflux iNewton square meter paCoulomb (Nm 2 /C).
