Rauemi: Te whakamāramatanga o te wera, te kawe wera, te kaha wera
Kua inu tī tio koe, miraka tio, tirikara tio, me ētahi atu? Āe, i te wā e hanga tī tio ana, ka whakaranua e mātou te wai wera, te wai mahana rānei ki roto i te karāhe me ngā poraka tio. He nui ake te pāmahana o te wai wera, o te wai mahana rānei, engari he iti iho te pāmahana o ngā poraka tio. I muri i te pā atu mō tētahi wā, ka huri te ranunga o ngā poraka tio me te tī wera hei tī tio (kua eke te ranunga o ngā poraka tio me te tī mahana ki te pāmahana ōrite). Ka puta te tukanga ōrite ina whakaranua e mātou te wai wera ki te wai matao. I muri i te pā atu, ka huri te wai wera me te wai matao hei wai mahana (kua eke te ranunga o te wai wera me te wai matao ki te pāmahana ōrite). He aha i taea ai e ēnei mea te eke ki te pāmahana ōrite i muri i te pā atu?
Te Whakamāramatanga o te Wera
Ina he rerekētanga ngā mea te pāmahana Ina pā ngā mea e rua tetahi ki tetahi, ka puta te whakawhiti wera, e kiia ana ko te wera, mai i te mea he teitei ake te pāmahana ki te mea he iti iho te pāmahana. Ka mutu tēnei whakawhiti wera ina tae ngā mea e pā ana ki te pāmahana ōrite. Hei tauira, ki te whakaranua e tātou te wai wera ki te wai matao, ka neke te wera mai i te wai wera ki te wai matao. Ina makahia e tātou he rino wera ki roto i te wai matao, ka neke te wera mai i te rino wera ki te wai. Ka mutu te rere o te wera ina tae te rino me te wai ki te pāmahana ōrite. Ina tāpirihia e te tākuta, e te nēhi rānei he inemahana ki tō tinana, ka neke te wera mai i tō tinana ki te inemahana. Ka mutu tēnei whakawhiti wera ina tae tō tinana me te inemahana ki te pāmahana ōrite. Mena he inemahana mercury te inemahana e whakamahia ana, ina tae tō tinana me te inemahana ki te pāmahana ōrite, ka mutu te neke o te mata o te mercury. Ko te tau e whakaaturia ana i runga i te mata o te mercury ko te pāmahana o tō tinana i taua wā.
I te taiao, ka neke noa te wera mai i ngā mea he teitei te pāmahana ki ngā mea he iti te pāmahana. Te whakawhiti wera he tikanga tēnei ki te whakataurite i te pāmahana o ngā mea e pā ana tetahi ki tetahi. I te rautau 18, i whakapae ngā tohunga ahupūngao ko te rere o te wera ko te nekehanga o tētahi wai, he momo wai e kore e kitea (he matū ka taea te rere ngā wai. Kei roto i ngā wai ngā wai me ngā hau. He wai te wai (he wai) nā te mea ka taea te rere. He wai anō hoki te hau nā te mea ka taea te rere). Ka kiia tēnei wai cāroriki Ngā ariā mō cāroriki kāore e whakamahia ana i ēnei rā nā te mea i runga i ngā hua o te whakamātautau, ko te noho o pūngoi kāore e taea te whakamana i tēnei.
I te rautau 19, i ako tētahi tohunga ahupūngao Ingarihi ko James Prescott Joule (1818–1889) me pēhea te whakamahana i te wai i roto i tētahi ipu mā te whakamahi i tētahi wira whakaoho. I runga i ngā hua o āna whakamātautau, i whakarite a Joule ki te wai i whakamahanatia e te ahi. Ina pā te mura me te ipu kei roto he wai, ka whakawhiti te wera mai i te mura (te pāmahana teitei) ki te wai (te pāmahana iti). Whai muri i te whakarite i waenga i te pikinga o te pāmahana wai nā te pā ki te ahi me te pikinga o te pāmahana wai nā te mahi a te wira whakaoho, I whakatau a Joule ko te wera he pūngao e neke ana mai i ngā mea i ngā pāmahana teitei ki ngā mea i ngā pāmahana iti. Kehara te wera i te pūngao (ehara te wera i te momo pūngao motuhake, pērā i te pūngao nekeneke, te pūngao pūmanawa, te pūngao matū me ētahi atu). KĀro ko whakawhiti pūngao nā ngā rerekētanga pāmahanaNō reira, ina rere te wera mai i tētahi mea pāmahana-tiketike ki tētahi mea pāmahana-iti, ka whakawhitia te pūngao mai i te mea pāmahana-tiketike ki te mea pāmahana-tiketike. Ka mutu te whakawhiti pūngao ina tae ngā mea e pā ana ki te pāmahana ōrite, ki te taurite wera.
Te kawe wera
He aha i hangaia ai te nuinga o ngā taputapu tunu kai ki te konumohe? Mehemea kei te pupuri tō ringa maui i tētahi wahi whakarewa, ā, kei te pupuri tō ringa matau i te karāhe, kātahi ka pā atu koe ki te whakarewa me te karāhe ki te mura. Ka tere ake te rongo o tō ringa maui, o tō ringa matau rānei i te wera? E pā ana ēnei pātai, me ētahi atu pea ka pātaihia e koe, ki te kawe wera o tētahi mea. Ko te kawe wera o tētahi mea ko tōna kaha ki te... whakawhiti wera mā roto i te mea. Ko ngā mea he nui te kawe wera (k) he kaiārahi wera pai (he pai te kawe wera). I tētahi atu taha, ko ngā mea kei a rātou kawe wera He ngoikore te kawe wera o te iti (he kino te kawe wera).
Te kaha wera
Ko te kaha wera (C) te nui wera e hiahiatia ana hei whakaara te pāmahana ngā mea katoa mā te kotahi nekehanga. Ko te tātai mō te kaha wera:
C = mc
Whakaahuatanga: C = te kaha wera, m = te papatipu o te mea, c = wera motuhake mea
