Hanganga Tautoko mō te Ngongo o ngā Matūkai
He wāhanga nui o te pūnaha nakunaku tangata te tukanga mimiti matūkai, kia whiwhi ai ō tātou tinana i ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi o ia rā. I ia wā e kai ana tātou, kāore te kai e whakamahia tonutia e te tinana engari me nakunaku me te mimiti i te tuatahi. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e tātou te huarahi e āwhina ai ngā hanganga tautoko i roto i te pūnaha nakunaku tangata i te mimiti pai o ngā matūkai.
He Kupu Whakataki ki te Pūnaha Nakunaku
I mua i te kōrero mō ōna hanganga tautoko, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā kaupapa matua o te pūnaha nakunaku. Kei roto i tēnei pūnaha te ara nakunaku me ngā whekau nakunaku tāpiri. Kei roto i te ara nakunaku te waha, te korokoro, te puku, te whekau iti, te whekau nui, me te pūkahukahu. I taua wā, ko ngā whekau tāpiri pērā i te ate, te repeure, me te pūkahukahu ka whakaputa i ngā whākōkī me ngā wai hei āwhina i te nakunaku.
Ngā Hanganga Tautoko mō te Ngongo i roto i te Puku Iti
Ko te whekau iti te pokapū mimiti matūkai matua o te tinana. E toru ngā wāhanga: te duodenum, te jejunum, me te ileum. He mahi motuhake tā ia wāhanga, engari he mahi tautoko tā ia wāhanga i roto i te mimiti matūkai.
Ngā Wiri me ngā Maikorowiri
Ko tētahi o ngā hanganga tino whakamīharo o te whekau iti ko ngā villi me ngā microvilli. He kōpuku ririki ngā villi e whakarārangi ana i ngā pakitara o te whekau iti, e āhua rite ana ki te maihao. He mea nui ēnei hanganga nā te mea ka whakanui ake i te horahanga o te mata o te whekau, ka taea ai te mimiti pai ake i ngā matūkai.
Kei ia villi he microvilli, arā, he pūwero moroiti kei runga i ngā pūtau epithelial e hanga ana i te villi. Ka hangaia e ēnei microvilli he paparanga e mōhiotia ana ko te "brush border". Mā tēnei ka nui ake te horahanga o te mata, ā, kei roto hoki ngā whākōkī e āwhina ana ki te wawahi i ngā ngota kai kia ngāwari ake te mimiti.
Ngā Pūtau Kapu me te Hanga Huka
Ko ngā pūtau kapu he momo pūtau e kitea ana i roto i ngā pūtau epithelial o te whekau iti, ā, ko rātou te kawenga mō te whakaputa hūpē. He hinu whakahinuhinu tēnei hūpē, e tiaki ana i te pakitara whekau mai i te waku me te kino mai i te nekehanga o te kai me te waikawa o te puku. Hei tāpiri, ka whakaratohia e te hūpē he taiao pumau mō ngā whākōkī nakunaku kia pai ai te mahi, kia pai ai te mimiti o ngā matūkai.
Te Tūranga o ngā Whākōkī me ngā Wai Nakunaku
He mea nui ngā whākōkī nakunaku mō te wawahi i ngā ngota nui ki ngā matūriki iti ake, ngāwari ake te mimiti. Anei ētahi whākōkī me ngā wai nakunaku matua me ō rātou mahi:
Pancreas
He maha ngā whākōkī matua e whakaputaina ana e te repeure, pērā i te amylase, te lipase, me te protease. Ko te amylase te kawenga mō te wawahi i ngā warowaihā hei huka māmā, ka whakamomonahia e te lipase ngā ngako hei waikawa ngako me te glycerol, ā, ka wawahia e te protease ngā pūmua hei waikawa amino.
Ate me te Pūngāwerewere
Ka whakaputa te ate i te au, ka rongoatia ki roto i te pūkahukahu ka tukuna ki roto i te whekau iti. Kāore te au e nakunaku tika i te ngako, engari ka whakapūmau i te ngako, ka wawahia kia iti ake te nakunaku e te whākōkī lipase.
Te Rere o te Toto me te Ngongo Matūkai
Kia pakaruhia ngā matūkai, ka mimitia e ngā pūtau epithelial o te puku ka uru ki te toto, ki te pūnaha lymphatic rānei. Ko ngā warowaihā me ngā pūmua ka mimitia ki roto i ngā capillaries toto o ngā villi, ko ngā ngako ia ka haria mā te pūnaha lymphatic.
Tomokanga Manawa
Ka haria te toto whai matūkai mai i te whekau iti ki te ate mā te uaua tomokanga ate. I roto i te ate, ka whakakorea ngā paitini, ā, ka rongoatia, ka hurihia rānei ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana e te tinana i mua i te tukunga anō ki roto i te toto whānui.
Pūnaha Lymphatic
He mahi nui tā te pūnaha lymphatic i roto i te kawe ngako. Ko ngā ngako e nakunaku ana i roto i te whekau iti ka tākaihia ki roto i ngā chylomicrons, arā, ngā matūriki lipoprotein e kawehia ana e ngā oko lymphatic. Hei te mutunga, ka tukuna ngā chylomicrons ki roto i te toto, ka wahia anō hei whakamahi, hei penapena rānei mā ngā kiko o te tinana.
Taurite Huakita o te Puku
He mahi nui anō tā ngā huakita puku i roto i te tukanga mimiti. Ka whakapūmau ngā huakita honohono i roto i ō tātou tinana i ngā muka kore e taea te keri, ka whakaputa i ngā waikawa ngako mekameka poto ka taea e ngā pūtau puku te whakamahi hei puna pūngao. Hei tāpiri, ka whakaputahia e ēnei huakita ētahi huaora nui, pērā i te huaora K me te biotin, ka mimitihia e te tinana.
Ngā Take e Pā Ana ki te Ngongo
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki te mimiti o ngā kai ki roto i te tinana:
– Hauora o te Puku: Ka taea e te mumura, ngā mate rānei pērā i te mate celiac, te mate a Crohn rānei te kino i te villi me te whakararu i te kaha o te puku ki te mimiti kai.
– Kai: Ka taea e ētahi matūkai te whakarei ake, te aukati rānei i te mimiti. Hei tauira, ka taea e te huaora C te whakanui ake i te mimiti rino, engari ka taea e te waikawa phytic i roto i ngā witi te aukati.
– Te Tau me te Ira Ira: Ka pā te pakeketanga ki te mimiti o ngā matūkai, ā, ka iti ake te mimiti o te hunga kaumātua. He wāhi anō tō te ira i roto i te pākia o te tinana me te mimiti o ētahi matū.
Whakamutunga
He tikanga uaua te tukanga mimiti matūkai e uru ana ki ngā hanganga me ngā āhuatanga maha i roto i te tinana tangata. Mai i ngā hanganga moroiti pēnei i ngā villi me ngā microvilli ki te mahi a ngā whākōkī me ngā wai nakunaku, he mahi nui tā ia wāhanga. Ehara i te mea he mea nui anake te mārama ki ō rātou hanganga me ā rātou mahi mō te koiora engari mō te whakamahi i tēnei mōhiotanga ki te tiaki hauora me te kai pai. Mā te whakahaere tika i te hauora nakunaku, ka taea e tātou te whakarite kia whiwhi te tinana i ngā matūkai e hiahiatia ana hei mahi pai.
