Ngā Inductors: Te Ariā Taketake, Ngā Momo, me Ngā Whakamahinga
Ko te inductor he wāhanga hiko kore e pupuri ana i te kaha i roto i te āhua o te papa aukume. Ko te inductor he koiri waea e rere ana te iahiko hiko. Ina haere te iahiko hiko i roto i te koiri, ka puta he papa aukume, ā, ina huri te iahiko, ka ātete te inductor ki tēnei huringa, ka puta he ngaohiko tika e ātete ana i te huringa o te iahiko. Ka whakamāramahia e tēnei tuhinga te ariā taketake, ngā momo inductor, me ā rātou tono i roto i ngā momo mara hangarau.
Ariā Taketake o te Inductor
Kaupapa Mahi
Ko te mahi a ngā inductors i runga i te mātāpono o te induction electromagnetic, i whakaahuahia tuatahitia e Michael Faraday i te rautau 19. E kī ana te ture a Faraday ko te huringa o te papa aukume huri noa i te kaiārahi ka puta he iahiko hiko i roto i taua kaiārahi. I tetahi atu taha, e kī ana te ture a Lenz ko te ahunga o te ngaohiko i puta he ritenga kē tonu ki te ahunga o te huringa o te iahiko i puta ai te papa aukume.
Ko te tātai taketake mō te inductance ko:
\[ V_L = L \frac{di(t)}{dt} \]
kāore i te mana:
– Ko te ngaohiko puta noa i te inductor te \( V_L \)
– Ko te \( L \) te inductance (e inehia ana i roto i te henries, H)
– Ko te tere o te huringa o te iahiko i roto i te wā \( \frac{di(t)}{dt} \) te.
Te hikohiko
Ko te ine i te kaha o te ine i te kaha ki te penapena pūngao i roto i te papa aukume me te ātete i ngā huringa o te iahiko. Ko ētahi o ngā mea e pā ana ki te ine i te kaha ko:
– Te maha o ngā takahuri o te waea i runga i te koiri.
– Te horahanga o te mata me te roa o te pōkai.
– Te momo me te kounga o te rauemi matua i whakamahia i roto i te koiri.
Ngā momo Inductors
I runga i te Rauemi Matua
1. Pūwero Hau Matua: Ka whakamahia te hau hei reo matua. He auau teitei te mahi engari he iti te pūwero nā te mea kāore he rauemi aukume hei whakapakari i te papa aukume.
2. Te Pūnaha Ārahi Rino: Ka whakamahia te rino hei matua hei whakanui ake i te ārahi. He nui ake tōna ārahi i ngā pūnaha ārahi matua hau, engari ka taea te hua ake he ngaronga pūngao nā te hystersis me ngā ia hurihuri.
3. Pūwero Matua Ferrite: He mea hanga ki te rauemi ferrite, kāore e kawe hiko. Ka taea e tēnei pūwero te mahi i ngā auau teitei, ā, he iti ake ngā mate i ngā pūwero matua rino.
I runga i te Āhua Tinana
1. Te Irahiko Torus (Toroidal): He porowhita te āhua o tēnei irahiko, ā, he maha ngā whakamahinga e whakamahia ana i ngā tono e kukū ana ngā papa aukume. He tino pai te mahi, ā, he iti te irahiko aukume.
2. Pūwero Solenoid: He āhua matarohia me te waea takai e takai ōrite ana i te pūtake.
3. Pūhiko Āhua Taurangi: He kaha ki te whakarerekē i tōna pūhiko. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā tono e hiahia ana kia whakatikatikahia te auau, pērā i ngā reo irirangi me ngā tuku hiko.
Ngā tono irahiko
Te Whakamahere Tohu
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā inductors i roto i ngā tātari hiko hei wehewehe, hei whakahaere rānei i ngā tohu e ai ki ō rātou auau. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā pūnaha oro, ka whakamahia ngā inductors i roto i ngā crossover hei wehewehe i ngā tohu ki ngā auau teitei (treble), ngā auau waenga-whānui, me ngā auau iti (bass). Ko ngā momo tātari e whakamahi ana i ngā inductors ko:
– Tātari pā-iti: Ka āhei i ngā auau iti kia haere mā roto, ka ārai hoki i ngā auau teitei.
– Tātari whakawhiti-teitei: Ka āhei i ngā auau teitei kia whiti, ka ārai hoki i ngā auau iti.
– Tātari whakawhiti-roopu: Ka āhei i ngā auau i roto i tētahi awhe kia whiti, ka ārai hoki i ngā auau i waho o taua awhe.
Kōkō
Ka whakamahia hoki ngā inductors hei ārai i ngā raruraru, i te haruru rānei i roto i ngā tohu hiko. Ka whakanohoia ēnei ki te ara o te iahiko hei aukati i ngā raruraru auau-tiketike, me te tuku tonu i te iahiko tika (DC) te iahiko tauutuutu rānei (AC) i te auau whakahaere.
Tuku Hiko Aratau-Whakawhiti (SMP)
I roto i ngā SMPS, ka whakamahia ngā inductors hei whakahaere i te ngaohiko putanga. Ka mahi rātou mā te huri i te mana mai i te AC ki te DC mā te tukanga whakawhiti tere rawa. Mā ngā inductors ka taea te penapena me te tuku i te pūngao i roto i te ahua o te papa aukume, ka whakahaeretia hei whakarato i te ngaohiko me te iahiko putanga e hiahiatia ana.
pūtahuri
He whakamahinga motuhake te whakawhiti hiko o te inductor, he mea hanga mai i ngā koiri e rua, neke atu rānei, kua whakanohoia ki runga i te matua kotahi. Ko te mahi matua o te whakawhiti hiko ko te huri i te taumata ngaohiko o te tohu AC mai i tētahi uara ki tētahi atu. He mea nui tēnei i roto i te tohatoha o te hiko mai i ngā tipu hiko ki ngā kaihoko mutunga.
Te Rokiroki Pūngao
Ka whakamahia hoki ngā inductors i roto i ngā mahi rokiroki pūngao me te hurihanga pūngao, pērā i ngā waka ranu me ngā waka hiko. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā waka hiko, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā inductors i roto i te aukati whakaora, te wāhi ka hurihia te pūngao nekeneke hei pūngao hiko, ka rongoatia ki roto i ngā pākahiko.
Whakamutunga
He mea nui te mahi a ngā inductors i roto i ngā hikohiko me ngā hangarau hou. Mai i ō rātou mātāpono ā-tinana taketake ki ō rātou whakamahinga maha, ka taea e ngā inductors te whakahaere me te whakahaere i te au me te ngaohiko me te tino whai hua. He whānuitanga o ngā momo me ngā āhua, ia momo kua whakaritea mō ngā whakamahinga motuhake, he wāhanga nui ngā inductors i roto i te nuinga o ngā taputapu hiko e whakamahia ana e tātou i ia rā.
Ko ngā whanaketanga o ngā rauemi inductor me ngā hangarau hangahanga kei te akiaki tonu i ngā whakapainga o te mahi me te whai huatanga, e whakatakoto ana i te ara mō te auahatanga i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā mara, tae atu ki ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te rererangi, te rorohiko, me te pūngao hou. Hei turanga mō te whakatikatika tohu, te rokiroki pūngao, me te maha atu, he mea nui te mōhiotanga ki ngā inductor mō te hunga katoa e uru ana ki te hangarau hiko me te hiko.
