Ibhayoloji Yesikole Samabanga Aphezulu

Imibuzo Eyisibonelo Exoxa Ngezici Ezithinta I-Photosynthesis I-Photosynthesis inqubo ebalulekile yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ezitshalweni, olwelweni, nakwamanye amabhaktheriya, lapho amandla okukhanya ebanjwa khona futhi aguqulwe abe amandla amakhemikhali ngesimo se-glucose. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-photosynthesis isebenza kanjani kanye nezici ezithonya yona, kubalulekile ukuthi abafundi nabafundi baqonde imiqondo eyisisekelo futhi bathuthukise amakhono abo okuhlaziya… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Nengxoxo Yesibonelo Sokusabela Okumnyama Ukusabela okumnyama, okwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umjikelezo kaCalvin, yisigaba se-photosynthesis esenzeka ngemva kokusabela kokukhanya. Kulokhu kusabela, i-carbon dioxide iguqulwa ibe yi-glucose kusetshenziswa i-ATP ne-NADPH ekhiqizwa ngenxa yokusabela kokukhanya. Ukuqonda ukusabela okumnyama kubalulekile kubafundi be-biology, ikakhulukazi labo abafunda i-photosynthesis. … Funda kabanzi

Izibonelo Zemibuzo Nezingxoxo Ngezimpendulo Zokukhanya Ku-Photosynthesis I-Photosynthesis inqubo lapho izitshalo, ulwelwe, kanye namanye amabhaktheriya eguqula amandla okukhanya abe amandla amakhemikhali ngesimo se-glucose. I-Photosynthesis inezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukusabela kokukhanya kanye nokusabela okumnyama. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila ekuphenduleni kokukhanya, okwenzeka ku-grana yama-chloroplast. … Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yesibonelo Se-Photosynthesis: I-Photosynthesis inqubo yamakhemikhali eyenziwa izitshalo, ulwelwe, kanye namabhaktheriya athile ukuguqula amandla elanga abe amandla amakhemikhali ngesimo se-glucose. Le nqubo ibalulekile empilweni eMhlabeni ngoba ikhiqiza umoya-mpilo futhi yakha isisekelo sochungechunge lokudla. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngemibuzo eminingana eyisibonelo mayelana ne-photosynthesis kanye nezincazelo zayo... Funda kabanzi

Isibonelo Se-Oxidative Phosphorylation Umbuzo: Ukuthuthwa Kwe-Electron kanye ne-Chemiosmosis I-oxidative phosphorylation yisigaba esibalulekile ekuphefumuleni kwamaseli okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngesimo se-ATP. Le nqubo yenzeka ku-mitochondria, isebenzisa amandla e-redox ama-molecule e-NADH ne-FADH2 akhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-glycolysis, umjikelezo we-citric acid, kanye ne-fatty acid oxidation. Enhliziyweni ye-oxidative phosphorylation kukhona uchungechunge… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Eyisibonelo Exoxa Ngomjikelezo We-Krebs noma Umjikelezo We-Citric Acid Umjikelezo we-Krebs, owaziwa nangokuthi umjikelezo we-citric acid, uchungechunge lwezimo zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa yizo zonke izinto eziphilayo ze-aerobic ukukhiqiza amandla ngokukhulula i-acetyl-CoA kuma-carbohydrate, amafutha, namaprotheni. Lo mjikelezo wenzeka kuma-mitochondria futhi uyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphefumula kwamaseli. Kulesi sihloko… Funda kabanzi

Isibonelo Sokususa I-Oxidative Decarboxylation Imibuzo Nengxoxo Ukususa i-oxidative decarboxylation kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamaseli, ikakhulukazi emjikelezweni we-citric acid, owaziwa nangokuthi umjikelezo we-Krebs. Le nqubo inesibopho sokuguqula i-pyruvate, umkhiqizo wokugcina we-glycolysis ku-cytoplasm, ibe yi-acetyl-CoA, bese ingena ku-mitochondria ukuze isetshenziswe emjikelezweni we-Krebs. Kulesi sihloko, si… Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Yesibonelo Se-Glycolysis: I-Glycolysis iyindlela ephakathi ye-metabolic eyenzeka cishe kuwo wonke amaseli aphilayo ukuze ikhiqize amandla. Le nqubo iyisigaba sokuqala sokuphefumula kwamaseli, lapho i-glucose, i-molecule elula ye-carbohydrate, ihlukaniswa khona ibe yi-pyruvic acid ngochungechunge lwezimo zamakhemikhali ezikhiqiza i-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) kanye ne-NADH. Kulesi sihloko, … Funda kabanzi

Imibuzo Eyisibonelo Exoxa Ngezigaba Zokuphefumula Nge-Aerobic Ukuphefumula nge-aerobic kuyinqubo ebalulekile eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana aphilayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla. Ngochungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezimpendulo zamakhemikhali, ukuphefumula nge-aerobic kuguqula i-glucose kanye ne-oxygen kube amandla, i-carbon dioxide, kanye namanzi. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezigaba zokuphefumula nge-aerobic futhi sinikeze imibuzo eyisibonelo kanye... Funda kabanzi

Isihloko: Isibonelo Senkinga Ingxoxo Ngokuphefumula Kwamaseli Isingeniso Ukuphefumula kwamaseli kuyinqubo yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaseli ezinto eziphilayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla ngesimo se-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Le nqubo ibalulekile ekusindeni, njengoba i-ATP ingumthombo wamandla oyinhloko osetshenziselwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yamaseli. Ukuphefumula kwamaseli kuhilela uchungechunge lwezimpendulo zamakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi nomoya-mpilo… Funda kabanzi