Hukama Huripo Pakati Pesimba NeMisa
Kuongorora nyika yefizikisi kunowanzotitungamirira kupfungwa dzinoshamisa uye dzinochinja-chinja. Imwe yepfungwa dzakakosha uye dzakakosha muchadenga hukama huripo pakati pesimba nehuremu. Hukama uhwu hahungori hwaro hwezviitiko zvakawanda zvechisikigo chete asi hwakagadzirawo nzira yekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yepamusoro uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwechimiro chechadenga.
Dzidziso Yakakosha yeKuwirirana
Hukama hwakakurumbira pakati pesimba nehuremu hwakawanikwa naAlbert Einstein mudzidziso yake ye relativity. Chinhu chakakosha chedzidziso iyi i equation inozivikanwa zvikuru, E=mc². Mu equation iyi, E inomiririra simba, m inomiririra huremu, uye c ispeed yechiedza mu vacuum, iyo inosvika 299.792.458 metres pasekondi.
Einstein akataura kuti huremu hwechinhu chiyero chesimba riri mukati macho. Izvi zvinoreva kuti huremu hwechinhu hunogona kushandurwa kuita simba, uye zvinopesana. Maitiro aya akaratidza kusakwanisa kwevesainzi Einstein asati asvika kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita zvinhu zvose pasi rose.
Kunzwisisa Nheyo yeE=mc²
Equation E=mc² inoreva kuti kunyangwe huwandu hushoma hwehuremu hunogona kushandurwa kuita simba rakawanda. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, izvi hazviwanzoonekwa nekuti kumhanya kwechiedza kwakakura zvikuru uye kunoda mamiriro akanyanya kuti huremu huve simba. Zvisinei, equation iyi ine zvayakanakira zvakakosha, kunyanya mufizikisi yenyukireya.
Semuenzaniso, mukuita kwenyukireya, senge fusion nefission, huwandu hushoma hwehuremu hunoshandurwa kuita simba guru. Mukuputika kwebhomba reatomu kana reactor yenyukireya, simba rekupararira kwenyukireya kana fission rinoratidza kuti huwandu hushoma hwehuremu hunogona sei kugadzira simba guru kwazvo, zvichienderana nekufanotaura kwakaitwa neEinstein's equations.
Kushandurwa kweMass uye Simba muNuclear Fusion
Kubatanidzwa kwenyukireya, kubatana kwemamwe maatomu kuti agadzire maatomu akaremara, muenzaniso wakajeka wehukama hwesimba guru. Semuenzaniso, mukati mezuva, hydrogen inobatana kuti igadzire helium, ichiburitsa simba guru rinobuda muchadenga uye rinoita kuti Zuva rive simba rehupenyu panyika.
Mukuita uku, huwandu hwese hwezvinhu zvisati zvasanganiswa hwakakura kupfuura huwandu hwezvigadzirwa mushure mekusanganiswa. Musiyano uyu muhukuru (huremu hwakarashika) unoshandurwa kuita simba zvichienderana neE=mc². Maitiro akafanana anoitika mune dzimwe nyeredzi hombe muchadenga, uye kubatanidzwa kwenyukireya kunoita basa rakakosha mukushanduka-shanduka kwenyeredzi uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinorema.
Kupatsanurwa kweNyukireya uye Mashandisirwo Ayo
Kupatsanurwa kwakasiyana nekusanganiswa: kupatsanurwa kwemaatomu anorema kuita maatomu madiki, akareruka. Kushandiswa kwekuputika kwenyukireya senzvimbo yesimba kwakatanga pakati pezana remakore rechi20 nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yenyukireya. Izvi zvakaisa hwaro hwesimba renyukireya senzira yesimba inoenderera mberi.
Mukuita kwe fission, senge uranium-235 kana plutonium-239, nucleus inorema inopatsanuka kuita ma nuclei maviri kana kupfuura akareruka, ichiburitsa ma neutron nesimba diki. Mukuita uku, humwe huremu hunorasika uye hunoshandurwa kuita simba.
Mashandisirwo uye Migumisiro yeTekinoroji
Kushandiswa kwesimba rinobva muhukama huripo pakati pesimba nesimba kune mashandisirwo akawanda anoshanda. Semuenzaniso, simba renyukireya rave sosi huru yemagetsi munyika dzakawanda, zvichideredza kuvimba nemafuta epasi uye zvichibatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko ekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwehukama uhwu kunopawo hwaro hwesainzi muminda yezvikamu zvepakutanga uye cosmology. Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pezvikamu zvepasi reatomu, zvakaita semaprotoni nemanyuturoni, inopa ruzivo rwechimiro chechinhu chikuru. Kuedza kwezvinowedzera simba rezvikamu, zvakaita seLarge Hadron Collider (LHC), kunoramba kuchiyedza miganhu yekunzwisisa kwedu huremu nesimba.
Zvisinei, panewo divi rakaipa rekushandisa uku. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwesimba renyukireya muhondo semabhomba eatomu kwakakanganisa vanhu nenharaunda, sezvakaonekwa mumabhomba eHiroshima neNagasaki eHondo Yenyika II. Saka, ruzivo rwekushandurwa kwesimba kuita simba runoda kudzora kwakasimba uye mitemo.
Simba Rima uye Rima Rima
Mumakumi emakore apfuura makaona kufambira mberi mune zvenyeredzi ne cosmology zvichiratidza kuti chikamu chikuru chemuchadenga chine simba risingaonekwe, kana simba rerima, uye huremu husingaonekwe, kana chinhu cherima. Simba rerima rinofungidzirwa kuti ndiro rinokonzeresa kukura kukuru kwemuchadenga, nepo chinhu cherima chinotsanangura masimba egiravhiti anoonekwa ayo zvinhu zvakajairika zvisingagoni kutsanangura.
Kuwanikwa kwesimba rerima nezvinhu zvinonetsa kunzwisisa kwedu kwakajairika kwenyika uye kunosundira miganhu yefizikisi padanho rekutanga. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinodiwa kuti tijekese hunhu hwesimba iri risingaonekwe nehuremu, pamwe nezvazvinoita pamitemo yefizikisi yatinoshandisa.
Mhedziso
Hukama huripo pakati pesimba nehuremu, hunotsanangurwa ne equation E=mc², hunotivhurira pfungwa dzedu kunyika yefizikisi yakadzama uye inochinja-chinja. Equation iyi haisi hwaro hwedzidziso yefizikisi chete, asiwo ine mashandisirwo akawanda anoshanda, muchimiro chesimba renyukireya remagetsi uye mukunzwisisa chimiro chepasi rose.
Mhedzisiro uye mashandisirwo ehukama huripo pakati pesimba nehukuru hazvina kungochinja maonero atinoita nyika chete, asiwo zvakakanganisa hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva uye remangwana rehupenyu hwevanhu. Nekufambira mberi kuri kuitwa mukutsvagisa netekinoroji, tinogona kuwana mukana wakawanda uye hupfumi hwepfungwa hunobva mukubatana uku kwakadzama pakati pesimba nehukuru.
