Basa reFizikisi Mukurapa
Fizikisi, sebazi resainzi yechisikigo, inoita basa rakakosha uye rinokosha muhupenyu hwevanhu. Mukurapa, fizikisi inopa mipiro inokosha kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kwetekinoroji uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro emuviri anoitika mumuviri. Chinyorwa chino chichatsanangura nzira dzakasiyana-siyana idzo fizikisi inobatsira nadzo mukurapa, kubva pakuongorora chirwere kusvika pakurapa, uye kukosha kwekunzwisisa fizikisi mukutsvagisa kwekurapa.
Mifananidzo yekurapa
Imwe yenzira huru dzinoshandiswa pakurapa ndeyekushandisa mifananidzo yezvekurapa. Tekinoroji yemifananidzo yezvekurapa inoshandisa misimboti yefizikisi kuti iwane mifananidzo yemaumbirwo emuviri wemunhu uye mashandiro awo pasina chikonzero chekuvhiyiwa. Mimwe mienzaniso yematekinoroji emifananidzo yezvekurapa anozivikanwa uye akakosha anosanganisira:
1. Radiography (X-ray)
X-ray inoshandisa X-rays kugadzira mifananidzo yemukati memuviri. X-rays rudzi rwemwaranzi yemagetsi ine marefu mapfupi kwazvo anogona kupinda muzvinhu zvakapfava zvakaita senyama yemuviri asi kwete zvinhu zvakaoma zvakaita semapfupa. Kushandiswa kweX-rays mukuongorora mapfupa kunobvumira vanachiremba kuona chimiro chemapfupa, kuona kutyoka, kana kuongorora mamiriro emapapu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
2. CT Scan (Computed Tomography)
Kuongororwa kweCT inzira yekuwedzera yekuongorora x-ray, uchishandisa mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana ye x-ray kubva kumativi akasiyana-siyana kugadzira mufananidzo we3D wemuviri. Iyi nzira inobvumira vanachiremba kuwana mifananidzo yakadzama yenhengo dzemukati, kuona bundu, kubuda ropa muuropi, kana zvimwe zvirwere.
3. MRI (Kufungidzira Magadzirirwo Emagineti)
MRI inoshandisa simba remagineti nemasaisai eredhiyo kuti igadzire mifananidzo yemukati memuviri. Tekinoroji yeMRI inonyanya kubatsira pakuona marongerwo enyama dzakapfava dzakadai seuropi, musana, moyo, uye tsandanyama. Chimwe chezvakanakira zveMRI kugona kwayo kugadzira mifananidzo yakajeka pasina kushandisa mwaranzi ionizing, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka kuvarwere.
4. Ultrasonography
Ultrasound inoshandisa mafungu eruzha ane frequency yakakwira kugadzira mifananidzo. Iyi tekinoroji inowanzoshandiswa panguva yekuzvitakura kutarisa kukura kwemwana ari mudumbu, asi inoshandiswawo kuongorora nhengo dzemukati dzakadai sechiropa, itsvo, nemoyo. Nheyo huru yeultrasound kutumira mafungu eruzha mumuviri wobva watora mafungu eruzha anoonekwa kuti aumbe mufananidzo.
Kurapa neRadiotherapy
Fizikisi inoitawo basa rakakosha mukurapa kenza kuburikidza neradiotherapy. Radiotherapy inoshandisa radiation ionizing, senge X-rays, gamma rays, kana accelerated particles, kuuraya masero ekenza. Maitiro aya anoda kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwekudyidzana kwemwaranzi nezvinhu zvehupenyu kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti mwaranzi inoparadza masero ekenza zvinobudirira uku ichideredza kukuvara kwenyama yakakomberedza ine hutano.
Nyanzvi dzezvefizikisi dzinoshanda pamwe chete nevanachiremba vekenza kuronga nekupa mushonga wemwaranzi wakakodzera murwere wega wega. Vanoshandisa nzira dzakadai seIntensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) uye Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) kuti vape mushonga wemwaranzi wakanangwa zvakanyanya.
Kunzwisisa Maitiro Emvura MuSistimu Yekutenderera Kweropa
Sisitimu yeropa mumunhu yakaoma zvikuru, uye kunzwisisa mashandiro emvura kwakakosha mukurapa pakuongorora kuyerera kweropa. Kumanikidzwa kweropa, kumhanya kwekuyerera kweropa, uye kudyidzana kuripo pakati peropa nemadziro etsinga dzeropa zvese zvinopesvedzerwa nemisimboti yekushanda kwemvura.
Kunzwisisa uku kwakakosha mukugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvekurapa zvakaita se catheters, stents, uye zvishandiso zvemwoyo zvekugadzira. Uyezve, makombiyuta anotevedzera mafambiro emvura anoshandiswa kufanotaura kuti shanduko mune mamwe ma parameter, akadai sekudzika kwetsinga dzeropa, dzichakanganisa sei kuyerera kweropa nekumanikidzwa kweropa.
Biophotonics uye Laser Therapy
Fizikisi yakagadzirawo nzira yekushandiswa kwemalaser mukurapa. Kurapa nelaser kwave nzira inozivikanwa pakurapa kwakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakuvhiyiwa kwemaziso kusvika pakurapa ganda. MaLaser anopa mukana wekuva akanyatsojeka, zvichibvumira vanachiremba kuita kuvhiya pasina kukuvara kwakanyanya kunhengo dzine hutano.
Biophotonics, kudzidza kwekudyidzana kuripo pakati pechiedza nenyama, kunoitawo mabasa akakosha muhunyanzvi hwekuongorora. Semuenzaniso, matekiniki akaita seRaman spectroscopy anogona kushandiswa kuongorora mamiriro eganda kana nyama pasina chikonzero chekuongororwa kwemuviri.
Kuongororwa Kwezvokurapa uye Kuongororwa
Kupfuura kufungidzira nekurapa, fizikisi inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mune zvimwe zvishandiso zvekuongorora. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) uye electroencephalograms (EEGs) zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuongorora mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo neuropi. Midziyo yese inoshanda zvichibva pamisimboti yefizikisi yemagetsi.
Pamusoro pezvo, kuyedza mashandiro emapapu uchishandisa spirometer kunoshandisa musimboti wemuviri unoyera huwandu hwemhepo inofemerwa neinoburitswa. Chishandiso ichi chakakosha pakuongorora nekutarisira zvirwere zvemapapu zvakaita seasthma nechirwere chemapapu chinogara kwenguva refu (COPD).
Zvidzidzo zveBiomechanics uye Tsvagiridzo
Biomechanics chidzidzo chinosanganisa misimboti yemakanika nebiology kuti tinzwisise kufamba uye masimba ari mumuviri wemunhu. Tsvagiridzo mu biomechanics inopa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sezvirwere zvetsandanyama nemapfupa, kukuvara kwemitambo, uye kugadziriswa kwemuviri.
Kuburikidza nekuongorora kufamba uye simba, masayendisiti nevanachiremba vanogona kugadzira michina yekubatsira yakadai semaprostheses, orthoses, nedzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa hutano dzakagadzirirwa kuvandudza hupenyu hwevarwere. Kutevedzera makombiyuta uye mamodheru emasvomhu ebiomechanics zvinoshandiswawo kugadzira nekuyedza michina yekurapa uye nzira dzekuvhiya.
Kukosha kweDzidzo yeMitambo Yakasiyana-siyana uye Kushandira Pamwe Chete
Kunzwisisa fizikisi yezvekurapa ne radiology kwakakosha kune nyanzvi dzezvehutano. Zvirongwa zvakasimba zvedzidzo nekudzidzisa vanachiremba, vanamukoti, uye nyanzvi dzezvekurapa zvakakosha kuti zviwedzere mabhenefiti ehunyanzvi uhu. Kushandira pamwe pakati penyanzvi dzefizikisi, mainjiniya, uye nyanzvi dzezvekurapa kwakakosha pakuvandudza tekinoroji itsva dzezvekurapa uye kuti pave nekunzwisisa kuri nani mamiriro ehutano hweveruzhinji.
Mhedziso
Fizikisi inoita basa rakakosha mukurapa. Kubva pahunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwekufungidzira hunogonesa kuongororwa panguva uye nemazvo kusvika pakurapa uchishandisa mwaranzi nema lasers, fizikisi inobatsira kupa rubatsiro rwakanakisisa rwekurapa. Uyezve, kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwe fluid mechanics, biomechanics, uye biophotonics kunotibvumira kugadzira maturusi matsva nemaitiro anogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwevarwere. Kushanda pamwe chete pakati penyanzvi dzefizikisi nenyanzvi dzekurapa kwakakosha pakuvandudza nekushandisa kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukurapa. Saka, fizikisi haisi sainzi yakakosha chete asiwo mbiru huru mukufambira mberi kwehutano nemishonga.
