Kuchinjana Kwetsika uye Kuwirirana Kwetsika muAnthropology
Kuchinjana tsika netsika ipfungwa mbiri dzakakosha muanthropology dzinotsanangura nzira dzakasiyana-siyana idzo tsika dzinodyidzana, dzinochinja, uye dzinoshanduka. Munyika yanhasi iri kuramba ichibatana, kunzwisisa zviitiko izvi kwave kutonyanya kukosha. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora pfungwa idzi, kusiyana kwadzo, uye kupa mienzaniso chaiyo yemaitiro aya muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Kunzwisisa Kuchinjana Kwetsika
Kutsinhana tsika zvinoreva maitiro ayo vanhu kana mapoka evanhu vanobva mutsika dzakasiyana vanotsinhana pfungwa, tsika, tsika, uye maitiro. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kuburikidza nekudyidzana zvakananga zvakaita sekutengeserana, kutama, kana kukunda, pamwe nenzira dzisina kunanga dzakadai senhau dzezvemagariro evanhu netekinoroji. Kuburikidza netsinhano dzetsika, zvimwe zvinhu zvetsika imwe zvinogona kugamuchirwa kana kugadziriswa neimwe, zvichiwedzera zvese zviri zviviri.
Kuchinjana tsika kunogona kuva kwenzira imwe chete kana kuti kwekuchinjana. Muenzaniso wekuchinjana tsika kwenzira imwe chete ndiko kupararira kwetekinoroji yemazuva ano kubva kunyika dzakabudirira kuenda kune dzichiri kusimukira pasina kupindirana kwakakosha. Kune rumwe rutivi, kuchinjana tsika kwekuchinjana kunogona kuonekwa muhunyanzvi hwekubika, uko nyika dzinotora nekugadzirisa mabikirwo echinyakare, akadai sekuzivikanwa kwesushi yekuJapan pasi rose uye pesvedzero yepizza yekuItaly, iyo yakagadziriswa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvemuno munyika dzakasiyana siyana.
Tsanangudzo yeAcculturation
Kusanganisa tsika dzakasiyana-siyana zvinoreva nzira iyo imwe tsika inoshandisa zvimwe zvinhu zveimwe tsika, kazhinji nekuda kwekubatana kwakasimba uye kunogara kwenguva refu. Maitiro aya anowanzoitika kana tsika mbiri dzakasiyana dzichibatana kwenguva yakareba, semuenzaniso kuburikidza nekutama, kugara munyika, kana zvimwe zviitiko zvenhoroondo. Kusanganisa tsika dzakasiyana kunosanganisira kubatanidzwa kana kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvetsika, kazhinji zvichikonzera mafomu matsva, etsika dzakasanganiswa.
Kune mhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzetsika dzechivanhu, dzinosanganisira:
1. Kubatanidzwa: Kana boka retsika rimwe chete rikanyatsonzwisisa zvinhu zvetsika imwe kusvika pasina musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi.
2. Kubatanidzwa: Kana zvinhu zvitsva zvetsika zvagamuchirwa pasina kurasikirwa netsika dzepakutanga.
3. Kuparadzana: Kana boka retsika richiramba richizivikanwa netsika dzaro uye richideredza kudyidzana nedzimwe tsika.
4. Kusarurwa: Kana paine kurambwa kana kurasikirwa netsika, kungave kubva mutsika dzepakutanga kana tsika itsva.
Musiyano Pakati Pekuchinjana Kwetsika Nekusanganisa Kutevedzera Tsika
Kunyange zvazvo zvose zviri zviviri zvichisanganisira kudyidzana kwetsika, pane musiyano mukuru pakati pekuchinjana tsika netsika. Kuchinjana tsika kunogona kuva kwenguva pfupi uye hakungogumiri pakuchinja kwakadzama uye kusingaperi. Semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu angadzidza kutamba kwechivanhu kubva kune imwe tsika okuita pachiitiko asina kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu zvetsika iyoyo.
Kusiyana neizvi, kusanganisa tsika dzechivanhu kunowanzo sanganisira nzira yakadzama uye yakaoma umo zvinhu zvetsika zvinobatanidzwa zvachose muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kusanganisa tsika dzechivanhu kunowanzo dzivirirwa kana tichitarisa kudyidzana kwenguva refu kwetsika, uye mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuva shanduko huru kutsika dzese dziripo.
Mienzaniso yeKutsinhana Kwetsika
1. Mimhanzi Nevaraidzo: Pop nerock zvakatangira muUnited States, asi zvakatorwa uye zvakagadziriswa netsika dzakawanda pasi rose. Mabhendi erock ane mukurumbira anobva kuJapan, South Korea, nedzimwe nyika akaisa zvinhu zvetsika dzavo mumhando idzi.
2. Kubika: Simba rekubika ndiro rimwe remienzaniso iri pachena yekuchinjana tsika. McDonald's, ine maFrench fries akabva kuAmerica, ikozvino yava kuwanikwa munyika dzinenge dzese pasi rose, ichiwanzochinja menyu yayo kuti isanganise kana kugadzirisa chikafu chemuno.
3. Mutauro: Chirungu chave mutauro unoshandiswa munyika dzakawanda, nemashoko nemitsara zvakatorwa kubva mumitauro yakasiyana. Chirungu pachacho chakatorawo mazwi akawanda kubva kune mimwe mitauro, akadai se "café" kubva kuFrench kana "emoji" kubva kuJapan.
Mienzaniso yeAcculturation
1. Indonesia neNetherlands: Nekuda kwekupinda kweIndonesia muhutongi hweDutch, zvinhu zvakawanda zvetsika dzeDutch zvakatorwa nemaIndonesia. Muenzaniso wakajeka ndewekuvapo kwezvivakwa zvakawanda zvine zvivakwa zveDutch mumaguta akaita seJakarta neBandung.
2. Kudya kwePeranakan: Munzvimbo dzakadai seIndonesia, Malaysia, neSingapore, tsika dzechiChinese nedzechiMalay dzakagadzira tsika dzakasiyana dzekubika, dzakadai sekudya kwePeranakan. Ndiro dzakadai selaksa kana babi pongteh musanganiswa wezvinhu zvekubika zvechiMalay neChinese.
3. Tsika dzevatema-America: MuUnited States, kudyidzana pakati petsika dzemuAfrica nedzemuEurope kwakagadzira hunyanzvi hwakasiyana, mitauro, netsika dzakadai semimhanzi yejazz neblues, slang yevatema-America, nemitambo inosanganisa zvinhu zvetsika dzese dziri mbiri.
Maitiro Ari Kutevera Kuchinjana Kwetsika uye Kudzidzira Kwetsika
Maitiro ekuchinjana tsika netsika anowanzo tungamirirwa nevezvenhau, tekinoroji, masangano edzidzo, uye mitemo yehurumende. Nhasi, tekinoroji yedhijitari ine basa guru mukukurumidzisa kuchinjana tsika. Mapuratifomu enhau dzemagariro evanhu akaita seInstagram neYouTube anobvumira vanhu nemapoka kugovana zvinhu zvetsika dzavo nevateereri vepasi rose nekungodzvanya kashoma.
Padanho rechikoro, kuchinjana kwevadzidzi, mapurogiramu ekudzidza kunze kwenyika, uye kushanda pamwe chete kwesainzi yepasi rose kunoitawo kuti kuchinjana kwetsika kuve nyore. Saizvozvowo, mitemo yehurumende inotsigira hunyanzvi hwetsika dzakasiyana-siyana uye kusiyana kwetsika kunowanzo kurudzira maitiro ekudzidzisa tsika nenzira dzakarongwa uye dzakarongwa nemaune.
Matambudziko muKuchinjana Kwetsika uye Kudzidzira Tsika
Kunyange hazvo kuchinjana tsika netsika zvichiwanzounza mabhenefiti akadai sekunzwisisana kukuru kwetsika uye kufambira mberi munharaunda, zvinogonawo kukonzera matambudziko. Dambudziko guru inyaya yekuzivikanwa kwetsika, iyo inogona kumanikidzwa panguva yekuzivikanwa kwetsika. Kana zvinhu zvetsika dzekunze zvikatorwa zvakanyanya, panogona kunge paine kunetseka kuti kuzivikanwa kwetsika dzepakutanga kuchapera kana kurasika.
Uyezve, kusawirirana kwetsika kunogona kukonzera kusawirirana kwemasimba uye kutonga kwetsika. Kare, tsika dzine simba dzakagara dzichimanikidza tsika dzadzo netsika dzadzo patsika dzisina simba, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana kwetsika nemagariro.
Mhedziso
Kuchinjana tsika netsika zvinhu zvinochinja-chinja zvinoratidza kudyidzana nekushanduka kwetsika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Kunzwisisa maitiro aya kwakakosha kwete chete kune vanoongorora tsika dzevanhu asiwo kune wese munhu anogara munharaunda dzine tsika dzakasiyana. Nekunzwisisa kuti tsika dzinobatana sei, tinogona kunzwisisa kusiyana-siyana uye kuwana nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko anokonzerwa nekudyidzana kwetsika.
Chinyorwa chino chinopa pfupiso huru yenyaya iyi yakakura. Nyika iri kuchinja nguva dzose, uye ndizvo zvinoitawo nzira dzinoshandiswa netsika. Nekudzidza nguva dzose uye kuchinja, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti maitiro aya anounza mabhenefiti akawanda kupfuura matambudziko, zvichivandudza hupenyu hwedu nenzira dzakawanda kupfuura dzatingafungidzira.
