Zvinhu Zvinopesvedzera Tsika Dzevanhu
Tsika inzira yezviratidzo nezvinorehwa neboka revanhu vanoita mamwe maitiro ehupenyu. Mukati menguva refu yenhoroondo yevanhu, tsika dzave chinhu chinoratidza tsika, tsika, zvitendero, tsika, uye maitiro ezuva nezuva enzanga. Kukura kwetsika hakusi kwekusagadzikana, asi kunoshanduka uye kunopesvedzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kunogona kupa nzwisiso yakadzama yekuti tsika dzinoumbwa sei, dzinoshanduka sei, uye dzinoshanduka sei. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora zvimwe zvezvinhu zvikuru zvinopesvedzera tsika dzenzanga.
1. Jogirafi
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinopesvedzera tsika inharaunda, kana kuti nharaunda inogarwa nevanhu. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadai semamiriro ekunze, mamiriro enzvimbo, nezviwanikwa zvechisikigo zvinokanganisa zvikuru mararamiro evanhu. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine makomo vanowanzova netsika dzakasiyana nedzevaya vanogara munzvimbo dzakaderera kana munzvimbo dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa. Kuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa zvechisikigo zvakaita semvura, ivhu rakaorera, matanda, uye zvicherwa zvinopesvedzerawo mabasa ehupfumi hwevanhu, maitiro ekugara, uye kudyidzana kwevanhu.
2. Nhoroondo
Nhoroondo chinhu chakakosha mukukura kwetsika. Zvakaitika kare, kusanganisira kugara mudzimba dzevanhu, kutama kwevanhu, hondo, uye chimurenga, zvinoumba hunhu hwetsika dzevanhu . Chiitiko chega chega chenhoroondo chinosiya chiratidzo chakadzika patsika dzenzanga, zvitendero, uye tsika. Semuenzaniso, nyika dzaimbova makoroni dzinowanzo chengetedza pesvedzero yetsika kubva kune vadzinogara. Semuenzaniso, muIndonesia, tsika dzemuno dzakasangana netsika dzeDutch, Portuguese, neArab munhoroondo yese.
3. Chitendero neKutenda
Chitendero netsika dzechitendero zvinhu zvakakosha mukusimudzira tsika. Mitambo, mhemberero, ngano, uye tsika zvinounzwa nechitendero zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya mafungiro evanhu, zviito, uye tsika. Munyika dzakawanda, chitendero chinoita basa guru muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye chinoumba mitemo netsika dzinoteverwa nenharaunda. Semuenzaniso, mutsika dzechiIslam muIndonesia, tsika dzechitendero dzakadai sekutsanya panguva yeRamadan, Eid al-Fitr, uye minamato yeChishanu zvikamu zvakakosha muhupenyu hwemagariro evanhu netsika.
4. Dzidzo
Dzidzo isimba guru mukuchinja kwetsika . Kuburikidza nedzidzo, tsika dzinopfuudzwa kubva kune chimwe chizvarwa kuenda kune chinotevera. Masisitimu edzidzo akarongwa uye asina kurongwa anodzidzisa kufunga kwakadzama, tsika, hunyanzvi, uye ruzivo zvinobatsira vanhu kuti vajairane nenguva dzinochinja. Dzidzo inoshandiswa muzvikoro inowanzo ratidza tsika dzenyika uye inoita kuti vanhu vafunge nezverudzi rwavo uye tsika dzavo dzizivikanwe.
5. Tekinoroji neMidhiya yeKutaurirana
Kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji nenhau dzekutaurirana kwakaunza shanduko huru mutsika dzevanhu vemazuva ano. Indaneti, nhau dzemagariro evanhu, terevhizheni, neredhiyo zvakakurumidzisa kupararira kwetsika munyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Ruzivo rwetsika nepfungwa zvinogona kuparadzirwa nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya, zvichigadzira tsika dzakakurumbira dzine simba pasi rose. Munguva ino yedhijitari, vanhu vane mukana uri nyore wekuwana tsika kubva pasi rese, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukuwirirana kana kutopesana netsika.
6. Hupfumi
Zvinhu zvehupfumi zvine basa guru mukuumba tsika. Maumbirwo ehupfumi munharaunda, kungave kurima, maindasitiri, kana basa, anopesvedzera mararamiro uye maumbirwo emagariro evanhu. Mabasa ehupfumi anosarudza boka revanhu, kufamba kwevanhu munharaunda, maitiro ekushandisa, uye mararamiro. Masisitimu ehupfumi eCapitalist, semuenzaniso, anokurudzira kuzvimirira, kukwikwidzana, uye kushandiswa sezvinhu zvinokosha, nepo masisitimu ehupfumi esocialist achinyanya kusimbisa kubatana kwevanhu pamwe nekuenzana.
7. Zvematongerwo enyika neHurumende
Mitemo yezvematongerwo enyika nehurumende ine simba guru patsika. Hurumende dzinowanzoshandisa tsika senzira yekuvaka hunhu hwenyika uye kubatana kwevanhu. Mitemo pamusoro pedzidzo, tsika, mutauro, hunyanzvi, uye nhaka inogona kutungamira nzanga munzira dzakasiyana. Munyika dzakawanda, hurumende dzinoita basa guru mukuchengetedza nhaka yetsika, kukurudzira mabasa ehunyanzvi netsika, uye kuchengetedza kusiyana kwetsika.
8. Kudyidzana Kwetsika Nemarudzi Akafanana
Kudyidzana kwetsika dzakasiyana kuburikidza nekutama, kutengeserana, kuroorana, uye kushanya ndicho chinhu chikuru chinopesvedzera tsika. Kana vanhu kana mapoka etsika dzakasiyana vasangana, vanowanzogovana uye vanopesvedzera tsika, tsika, uye mararamiro emumwe nemumwe. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuwirirana kwetsika, syncretism yetsika, kana kutogadzira tsika itsva dzakasanganiswa.
9. Mutauro
Mutauro ndiyo nzira huru yekutaura tsika. Kuburikidza nemutauro, tsika, pfungwa, uye manzwiro zvinogona kutaurwa nekunzwisiswa. Mutauro unoumba maonero anoita vanhu nyika uye kudyidzana nevamwe. Matauriro, mitauro yemunharaunda, uye mitauro yenyika zvinoita basa guru mukuzivikanwa kwetsika . Kushandiswa kwemashoko nemadimikira mumutauro kunowanzo ratidza tsika netsika dzakananga.
10. Sisitimu yeUkama uye Maumbirwo Emagariro
Maumbirwo emagariro evanhu uye masisitimu ehukama anosarudza kuti nzanga inotonga sei hukama pakati pevanhu. Mhuri ndiyo chinhu chikuru munharaunda dzakawanda, uye tsika dzemhuri dzinowanzo ratidza tsika yakakura. Kugadziriswazve kwemabasa nemabasa, kunyanya mukati memasisitimu ehukama hwemadzimai kana hwemhuri, kunoratidza tsika dzetsika nezvemabasa evanhurume nevanhukadzi uye hutongi hwemagariro evanhu.
Mhedziso
Tsika chiratidzo chakaoma chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabatana. Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinoumba nekushandura tsika dzenzanga kunoda nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinosanganisira nhoroondo, geography, sociology, anthropology, economics, politics, nezvimwewo. Nekuziva nekunzwisisa zvinhu izvi, tinogona kunzwisisa zviri nani kusiyana kwetsika dzepasi rose uye kukurudzira kudyidzana kwakabatana pakati pemapoka.
