Te kaha hiko - ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

Te kaha hiko - ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

1. E toru ngā utu e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei . He aha te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu B. k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C.

Mōhiotia:

qA = 10 µC = 10 x 10-6 C=10-5 CoulombTe kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 1

q B = 10 µC = 10 x 10 -6 = 10 -5 Ngā Coulomb

q C = 20 µC = 20 x 10 -6 = 2 x 10 -5 Ngā Coulomb

r AB = 0.1 mita = 10 -1 mita

r BC = 0.1 mita = 10 -1 mita

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

E hiahiatia ana: Te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu B

Rongoā:

E rua ngā kaha hiko e pā ana ki te utu B, arā, ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i te utu A me te utu B (F AB ) me te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu B me C (F BC ). Ko te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu B ko te hua o te kaha F AB me te kaha F BC.

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu A me B:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 2

He pai te utu A , he pai hoki te utu B, nō reira ka tohu te ahunga o F AB ki te utu C.

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu B me C:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 3

He pai te utu B, ā, he pai te utu C, nō reira ka tohu a F BC ki te utu A.

Ko te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu B:

F B = F BC – F AB = 180 – 90 = 90 N.

Ko te rahi o te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu B (F B ) he 90 Newton. Ko te ahunga o F B he rite ki te ahunga o F BC , e tohu ana ki te utu A.

2. He aha te rahi me te ahunga o te kaha hiko i te utunga B. ( k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C)

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 4

Mōhiotia:

Utu A (q A ) = +Q

Utu B (q B ) = -2Q

Utu C (q C ) = -Q

Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu A me B (r AB ) = r

Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu B me C (r BC ) = 2r

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

E hiahiatia ana: Te rahi me te ahunga o te kaha hiko i te utunga B.

Rongoā:

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu A me B:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 5

He pai te utu A, he pai hoki te utu B, nō reira ka tohu te ahunga o F AB ki te utu A.

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i te utu B me te utu C:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 6

He kino te utu B , he kino hoki te utu C, nō reira ka tohu te ahunga o F BC ki te utu A.

Ka pā te kaha kupenga ki te utu B:

F = F AB + F BC = 2 k Q 2 /r 2 + 0.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 r -2

Ka anga te ahunga o te kaha hiko ki te utunga A (ki mauī).

3. E rua ngā utu hiko, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. Ko te utu i te pūwāhi A he 8 µC, ā, ko te kaha hiko e pā ana ki ngā utu e rua he 45 N. Mena ka neke te utu A ki te taha matau mō te 1 cm, he aha te kaha kukume e pā ana ki ngā utu e rua? k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2.

Mōhiotia:

Utu hiko i te pūwāhi A (q)A) = 8 µC = 8 x 10-6 CoulombTe kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 7

Ka pā te kaha hiko ki ngā utu e rua (F) = 45 Newton

Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua (r AB ) = 4 cm = 0.04 mita = 4 x 10 -2 mita

Pūmau (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

E hiahiatia ana: Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu e rua mēnā ka neke te utu A ki te taha matau mō te 1 cm.

Rongoā:

Te utu hiko i te pūwāhi B :

Te whārite o te kaha hiko:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F r 2 = k (q A )(q B )

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

Te utu hiko i te pūwāhi B :

q B = (45)(4 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )

q B = (45)(16 x 10 -4 ) / 72 x 10 3

q B = (720 x 10 -4 ) / (72 x 10 3 )

q B = 10 x 10 -7 Ngā Kuromi

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu hiko A me B:

Mena ka neke te utu i A ki te taha matau mō te 1 cm, ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua ko 3 cm = 0.03 mita = 3 x 10 -2 mita.

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

W = (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )(10 x 10 -7 ) / (3 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (9 x 10 -4 )

F = (1 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 80 Newton

4. E rua ngā utu hiko i ngā pūwāhi P me Q e wehea ana e te tawhiti o te 10 cm, ka pāngia e te kaha kukume o te 8 Newton. Mena ka neke te utu Q i te 5 cm ki te utu P, he aha te kaha hiko? (1 µC = 10 -6 C me k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 ).

Mōhiotia:

Te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu P me Q (rPQ) = 10 henimita = 0.1 m = 1 x 10-1 m Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 8

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu P me Q (F) = 8 N

Utu hiko Q (q Q ) = 40 µC = 40 x 10 -6 C

Pūmau (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

E hiahiatia ana: Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu P me Q mēnā ka nekehia te utu Q mō te 5 cm ki te utu P.

Rongoā:

Tuatahi, tatauhia te utu hiko P, kātahi ka tatau i te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu e rua, mēnā ka nekehia te utu hiko Q mō te 5 cm ki te utu P.

Ko te utu hiko P :

q P = F r 2 / k (q Q )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -1 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -6 )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -2 ) / 360 x 10 3

q P = (8 x 10 -2 ) / (36 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 x 10 -2 ) / (4.5 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 Ngā Kuromi

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu hiko P me Q:

Mena ka nekehia te utu i te pūwāhi Q kia 5 cm ki te taha maui, ko te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua he 5 cm = 0.05 mita = 5 x 10 -2 mita

F = k (q P )(q Q ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )( (1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (5 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (2 x 10 3 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -3 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = 3.2 x 10 1

F = 32 Newton

5. Ko te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e te utu q B he 8 N (1 µC = 10 -6 C me te k = 9.10 9 Nm² .C -2 ). Mena ka neke te utu q B i A mō te 4 cm, he aha te kaha hiko e pāngia ana e q B?

Mōhiotia:

Te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu A me B (rAB) = 2 henimita = 0.02 m = 2 x 10-2 m Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 9

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu A me B (F) = 8 N

Ko te utu hiko A (q A ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 C

Pūmau (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

E hiahiatia ana: Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu A me B mēnā he 4 cm te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua.

Rongoā:

Tuatahi, tatauhia te utu hiko B, kātahi ka tatau i te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu e rua, mēnā ko te tawhiti o ngā utu e rua he 4 cm = 0.04 mita = 4 x 10 -2 mita.

Ko te utu hiko i B :

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

q B = (8)(2 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )

q B = (8)(4 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32/18) x 10 -7

qB = (16/9) x 10 -7 Ngā Kuoromu

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu A me B:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )( (16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (4 x 10 -2 ) 2

W = (18 x 10 3 )( (16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(16 x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(1 x 10 -7 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 2 Newton

6. E toru ngā utu A, B me C e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. AB = BC = 20 cm, ā, he ōrite ngā utu (q = 2µC). k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 , 1 µ = 10 -6 . He aha te rahi o te kaha hiko e pā ana ki te pūwāhi B?

Mōhiotia:

Utu i te pūwāhi A (qA) = 2 µC = 2 x 10-6 Coulomb Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 10

Utu i te pūwāhi B (q B ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Utu i te pūwāhi C (q C ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Ko te tawhiti mai i B ki C (r BC ) = 20 cm = 0.2 mita = 2 x 10 -1 mita

Ko te tawhiti mai i B ki A (r BA ) = 20 cm = 0.2 mita = 2 x 10 -1 mita

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

E hiahiatia ana: Ko te rahi o te kaha hiko e pā ana ki te pūwāhi B

Rongoā:

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu i ngā pūwāhi B me C:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 9 x 10 -1

F BC = 0.9 Newton

He pai ngā utu hiko i ngā pūwāhi B me C, nō reira ko te ahunga o te kaha hiko F BC ki maui atu i te pūwāhi C.

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu i ngā pūwāhi B me A:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BA = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BA = 9 x 10 -1

F BA = 0.9 Newton

He pai ngā utu hiko i ngā pūwāhi B me A, nō reira ko te ahunga o te kaha hiko F BA kei raro, kei tawhiti atu i te pūwāhi A.

Ko te hua o ngā kaha hiko:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 11

7. E toru ngā utu Q1 , Q2 , me Q3 e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. Ko te roa o AB = te roa o BC = 30 cm. E mōhiotia ana: k = 9.10 9 Nm2 .C -2 me te 1 µ = 10 -6 kātahi ka puta te hua o te kaha hiko i te utu Q1.

Mōhiotia:

Utu i te pūwāhi A (qA) = 3 µC = 3 x 10-6 Coulomb Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 12

Utu i te pūwāhi B (q B ) = -10 µC = -10 x 10 -6 Coulombs

Utu i te pūwāhi C (q C ) = 4 µC = 4 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Ko te tawhiti mai i B ki C (r BC ) = 30 cm = 0.3 mita = 3 x 10 -1 mita

Ko te tawhiti mai i B ki C (r BA ) = 30 cm = 0.3 mita = 3 x 10 -1 mita s

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

E hiahiatia ana: Ko te hua o te kaha hiko i te pūwāhi B

Rongoā:

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu i ngā pūwāhi B me C:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(4 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (360 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 40 x 10 -1

F BC = 4 Newton

He kino te utu hiko i te pūwāhi B, ā, he pai te utu hiko i te pūwāhi C, nō reira ko te ahunga o te kaha hiko F BC ki matau, ki te pūwāhi C.

Ko te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu i ngā pūwāhi B me A:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(3 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(30 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BA = (270 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BA = 30 x 10 -1

F BA = 3 Newton

He kino te utu hiko i te pūwāhi B, ā, he pai te utu hiko i te pūwāhi A, nō reira ko te ahunga o te kaha hiko F BA kei runga ki te pūwāhi A.

Ko te hua o te kaha hiko:

Te kaha hiko – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga 13

  1. He aha te kaha hiko? WhakautuKo te kaha hiko he kaha taketake e puta ana i waenga i ngā mea nā ō rātou utu hiko. Ka taea te kukume (i waenga i ngā utu rerekē) te ātete rānei (i waenga i ngā utu ōrite).
  2. Me pēhea te whakatau i te rahi o te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu pūwāhi e rua? WhakautuKo te ture a Coulomb e whakaatu ana i te rahi o te kaha hiko i waenganui i ngā utu pūwāhi e rua. He rite tonu ki te hua o ngā rahi o ngā utu, ā, he rite whakamuri ki te tapawhā o te tawhiti i waenganui i a rāua. , i reira ko te pūmau a Coulomb.
  3. Ka aha te kaha hiko mēnā ka takiruahia te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua? WhakautuKi te takiruahia te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā utu e rua, ka huri te kaha hiko hei hauwhā o tōna uara taketake, nā te mea ka rerekē te kaha ki te tapawhā o te tawhiti.
  4. He pēhea te whakataurite o te kaha hiko ki te kaha ā-papa? WhakautuKa taea e ngā kaha hiko te kukume me te whakakino, engari ko ngā kaha ā-papa he kukume anake. Hei tāpiri, mō ngā mea noa me ngā tawhiti, he kaha ake ngā kaha hiko i ngā kaha ā-papa, i te mea he ngoikore ake ngā kaha ā-papa i te maha o ngā whakahau o te kaha ki te whakataurite ki te kaha hiko.
  5. He aha te mātāpono o te taupatupatu e pā ana ki ngā kaha hiko? WhakautuKo te mātāpono o te taupatupatu e kī ana ko te kaha hiko kupenga i runga i tētahi utu nā te kohinga o ētahi atu utu ko te tapeke whārite o ngā kaha e pā ana ki ia utu ka tangohia motuhaketia.
  6. He aha tātou te rongo ai i ngā kaha hiko i roto i ngā mea o ia rā ahakoa he mea hanga mai i ngā matūriki utu nui? WhakautuKo ngā mea o ia rā he mea hiko koretake, arā, he ōrite te maha o ngā utu pai me ngā utu kino. Ka taurite ngā kaha i waenganui i ēnei utu, nō reira ko te kaha hiko kupenga he kore.
  7. He pēhea te pānga o te whenua ki te kaha hiko i runga i tētahi mea kua utaina? WhakautuMā te whenua o tētahi mea kua whakakīia ka taea te rere o te hiko i waenga i te mea me te whenua kia whakakorea rā anō te hiko, ā, ka whakakorea te kaha hiko kupenga i runga i te mea nā tōna hiko tuatahi.
  8. Ka taea e te kaha hiko te mahi i roto i te korehau? WhakautuĀe, ka taea e te kaha hiko te mahi i roto i te korehau. Kāore e hiahiatia he reo hei horapa. Ka kitea tēnei i te āhua o te noho o ngā papa hiko me te awe i ngā matūriki kua utua i te wāhi.
  9. He aha te tūranga o te pūmau hiko (te āheinga rānei o te wāhi wātea) ki te whakatau i te kaha o te kaha hiko? WhakautuKo te pūmau hiko, e mōhiotia ana ko te āheinga o te wāhi kore utu, ka pā ki te kaha o te kaha hiko i waenga i ngā utu. Mēnā he āheinga teitei ake, ka ngoikore ake ngā kaha hiko, ā, ko te ritenga kē. Ko te pūmau Coulomb, , e pā ana ki tēnei uara hei .

  10. Mena e neke ana ngā utu e rua tetahi ki tetahi, ka rerekē te kaha i waenganui i a rāua? Whakautu : Mena e neke ana ngā utu e rua tetahi ki tetahi, ka taea e rāua te whakaputa i ngā papa aukume me ngā papa hiko. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ko te taunekeneke i waenga i ngā utu neke ehara i te mea nā ngā kaha hiko anake engari nā ngā kaha aukume anō hoki. Ko te taunekeneke whakakotahi ka whakaahuahia e te kaha hikohiko. Nō reira, ahakoa kāore te kaha hiko e puta mai i ngā utu e rerekē ana nā te mea kei te neke noa rāua, tera pea ka rerekē te kaha whānui nā ngā pānga aukume.

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