1. Into ephakeme engamasentimitha angu-5 ibekwa ibanga elingamasentimitha angu-15 ukusuka kulensi ehlukanisayo enobude obuqondile obungamasentimitha angu-30 . Nquma ibanga lesithombe, ukukhuliswa kwesithombe, ukuphakama kwesithombe, kanye nezakhiwo zesithombe.
Kwaziwa:
Ubude obuqondile (f) = -30 cm
Uphawu lokususa lubonisa ukuthi indawo egxile kuyo ingokoqobo noma imisebe ayidluli ephuzwini.
Ukuphakama kwento (h o ) = 5 cm
Ibanga lento (do o ) = 15 cm
Okufunwayo: Ibanga lesithombe (d i ), ukukhuliswa kwesithombe (m), ukuphakama kwesithombe (h i ) kanye nezakhiwo zesithombe.
Isixazululo:
Ukwakheka kwesithombe ngelensi ehlukahlukene:
Ibanga lesithombe (di i ):
1/di i = 1/f – 1/d o = -1/30 – 1/15 = -1/30 – 2/30 = -3/30
d i = -30/3 = -10 cm
Uphawu lokususa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe sibonakala nge-inthanethi noma imisebe ayidluli esithombeni.
Ukwandiswa kwesithombe (m):
m = – di i / do o = -(-10)/15 = 10/15 = 2/3
Uphawu lokuhlanganisa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe siqondile.
Isithombe sincane ngo-2/3 kunento.
Ukuphakama kwesithombe (h i ):
m = h i / h o
h i = mh o = (2/3)5 = 10/3 = 3.3 cm
Uphawu lokuhlanganisa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe siqondile.
Izakhiwo zesithombe:
Izakhiwo zesithombe ezakhiwe yisibuko esihlukanisiwe:
- okubonakalayo
- okuqondile
– isithombe sincane kunento
– ibanga lesithombe lincane kunebanga lento
2. Into ephakeme engamasentimitha ayi-10 ibekwa ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-60 ukusuka kulensi ehlukanisayo enobude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Nquma ibanga lesithombe, ukukhuliswa kwesithombe, ukuphakama kwesithombe, kanye nezakhiwo zesithombe.
Kwaziwa:
Ubude obuqondile (f) = -30 cm
Uphawu lokususa lubonisa ukuthi indawo egxile kuyo ingokoqobo noma imisebe ayidluli ephuzwini.
Ukuphakama kwento (h) = 10 cm
Ibanga lento (do o ) = 60 cm
Okufunwayo: Ibanga lesithombe (d i ), ukukhuliswa kwesithombe (m), ukuphakama kwesithombe (h i ) kanye nezakhiwo zesithombe
Isixazululo:
Ukwakheka kwesithombe ngelensi ehlukahlukene:
Ibanga lesithombe (di i ):
1/di i = 1/f – 1/d o = -1/30 – 1/60 = -2/60 – 1/60 = -3/60
d i = -60/3 = -20 cm
Uphawu lokususa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe sibonakala nge-inthanethi noma imisebe ayidluli esithombeni.
Ukwandiswa kwesithombe (m):
m = -d i /do o = -(-20)/60 = 20/60 = 1/3
Uphawu lokuhlanganisa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe siqondile.
Isithombe sincane ngo-1/3 kunento.
Ukuphakama kwesithombe (h i ):
m = h i / h o
h i = mh o = (1/3)10 = 10/3 = 3.3 cm
Uphawu lokuhlanganisa lubonisa ukuthi isithombe siqondile.
Izakhiwo zesithombe
– okubonakalayo ngoba imisebe ayidluli esithombeni
- okuqondile
– isithombe sincane kunento
– ibanga lesithombe lincane kunebanga lento
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