Izifundo Eziyisisekelo Zefiziksi

Izihloko mayelana nokuqashelwa kwamagagasi

Esinye isici samagagasi ukujikijela. Ukujikijela kwenzeka lapho igagasi elalihamba ekuqaleni ngenye indlela lingena kwenye indlela. Isibonelo, igagasi lomsindo liqala lihamba emoyeni bese lihlangana nodonga, amanye amagagasi omsindo aboniswa udonga, amanye ajikijelwa udonga. Ukujikijela kusho ukuthi amagagasi omsindo ayamuncwa noma adluliselwe odongeni, kodwa indlela yokujikijela iyashintsha. Ushintsho endleleni yokujikijela kwenzeka ngoba ijubane legagasi lomsindo liyashintsha lapho lingena kwenye indlela ehlukile kunendlela yangaphambilini.

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Izihloko mayelana nefomula yencazelo kanye nezinhlobo zamagagasi omshini

INCAZELO YAMAGAZI OKUSEBENZA

Uma ubamba uhlangothi olulodwa lwentambo bese uyidlidliza phezulu naphansi, kuvela igagasi elisakazeka eduze kwentambo. Noma uma uphonsa itshe emanzini, amagagasi azovela ebusweni bamanzi. Intambo namanzi kuyashintshashintsha kuphela phezulu naphansi, hhayi ukuhamba ngokuvundlile. Amagagasi entanjeni namagagasi emanzini ayizibonelo zamagagasi omshini.

Amagagasi omshini amagagasi ahamba nge-medium. Izibonelo zamagagasi omshini amagagasi ezintanjeni noma ezintanjeni, amagagasi emanzini, amagagasi omsindo asakazeka emoyeni, kanye namagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba asakazeka emhlabathini. Amagagasi angahamba amabanga amade kuyilapho i-medium amagagasi anyakaza ngayo iseduze nendawo yokulingana.

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Incazelo Yokuzindla Nezibonelo Empilweni Yansuku Zonke

Esinye isici samagagasi ukubona ukubonakaliswa. Amagagasi amanzi olwandle asakazeka olwandle lapho eshaya idwala bese igagasi liphenduka, kanjalo negagasi lamanzi elisebhavini lamanzi lapho lihlangana nodonga, igagasi lamanzi liphenduka liye ngalapho livela khona.

Izibonelo zokuzindla okubonwa amaza omsindo yi-echoes kanye ne-echoes. Ukuphindaphinda kwenzeka lapho umsindo ubonakala ngenkathi umthombo womsindo usazwakala. Ngokuvamile, i-echo yenzeka endaweni evalekile. Ngenkathi i-echo yenzeka lapho umsindo ubonakala ngemva kokuba umthombo womsindo ungezwakali. I-echo ivame ukwenzeka ngaphandle futhi ayiphazamisi, kodwa ukuphindaphinda kuvame ukucasula ngoba, isibonelo, lapho othile ekhuluma egumbini elivaliwe, ukubonakaliswa kwezwi lomuntu odongeni kubangela ukuba inkulumo yomuntu ifiphale. Ukuze kunqotshwe lokhu, ngokuvamile, ezindongeni zezindawo ezivaliwe njengezindawo zokumamela noma izitudiyo zomculo, kufakwa ama-air vibration dampers adlulisa umsindo ukuze umsindo ungabonakaliswa.

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Izihloko mayelana namandla kagesi kagesi anamandla kazibuthe ensimu kagesi

Ngo-1819, usosayensi waseDenmark ogama lakhe linguHans Christian Oersted (1777-1851) wathola ubudlelwano phakathi kwemagnetism kanye nemisinga kagesi noma ukushaja okuhambayo. Wathola ukuthi uma inalithi yekhampasi iseduze nentambo ephilayo, inalithi yekhampasi iyaphambuka. Uma kungekho mali, inalithi yekhampasi ikhomba enyakatho.

Inaliti yekhampasi iyimagnethi, ngakho-ke ingashukunyiswa amandla kazibuthe. Amandla kazibuthe (F) avelaphi? Eduze kwenaliti yekhampasi, kukhona ucingo oluphethe ugesi ukuze amandla kazibuthe asetshenziswe ugesi.

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I-dielectric iyisivikelo esihlukanisa amapuleti noma amashidi amabili omqhubi ku-capacitor. Ama-Insulators yizinto ezingakwazi ukuqhuba ugesi, isibonelo, ipulasitiki, ingilazi, iphepha, noma ukhuni. Umsebenzi we-dielectric ukwandisa amandla ukuze i-capacitor ikwazi ukugcina ukushaja kukagesi okwengeziwe kanye namandla kagesi akhona.

I -capacitor ingasebenza uma womabili amapuleti omqhubi engathintani ukuze ishaja kagesi ingasuki kusuka komunye umqhubi iye komunye. Ngokufanayo, ukuze ishaja kagesi ingasuki kusuka kumqhubi iye emoyeni, isikhala esiphakathi kwabaqhubi ababili kumele sibe yi-vacuum. Esihlokweni mayelana nepuleti elihambisanayo, i-capacitor kuxoxwe ngayo nge-capacitance yama-capacitor epuleti elihambisanayo ahlukaniswe yi-vacuum. I-capacitance ye-capacitor ku-vacuum inemikhawulo ukuze ukuze kwandiswe i-capacitance, beka i-dielectric phakathi kwala mapuleti amabili.

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Isihloko mayelana namandla kagesi agcinwe kuma-capacitor

I -capacitor yakhiwe ngamapuleti omqhubi amabili futhi, phakathi kwabaqhubi ababili, kukhona i-dielectric. Ekuqaleni, abaqhubi ababili abangathathi hlangothi ngogesi. Ukuze i-capacitor isebenze, ipuleti ngalinye noma ishidi lomqhubi kumele lishajwe ngogesi, lapho inani leshaja kagesi kumqhubi ngamunye lilingana kodwa lihlukile ngohlobo. Ake sithi omunye wabaqhubi abashajwe ngu-Q = +10 Coulomb , omunye umqhubi ngu-Q = -10 Coulomb. Ukuba khona kohlobo olufanayo olukhulu kodwa oluphambene lweshaja kagesi kubaqhubi bobabili kudala insimu kagesi phakathi kwamacwecwe omqhubi amabili, lapho isiqondiso sensimu kagesi sisuka ekushajweni okuhle kuya ekushajweni okubi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona futhi umehluko wamandla kagesi phakathi kwabaqhubi ababili, lapho abaqhubi abashajwe kahle benamandla kagesi aphezulu kuyilapho abaqhubi abashajwe kabi benamandla kagesi aphansi.

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Isihloko mayelana ne-Equation yesekethe ye-capacitor

I-capacitor inomthamo othile. Uma umthamo odingekayo ungatholakali, ingaxhunywa kuma-capacitor amabili noma ngaphezulu ukuze kutholakale umthamo odingekayo. Ukuze ixhume kahle i-capacitor, idinga ulwazi olufanele mayelana nesekethe ye-capacitor. 🙂

Ngaphambi kokufunda i-capacitor Okokuqala, qonda izimpawu ezilandelayo. Imigqa emibili eqondile kuphawu lwe-capacitor imele abaqhubi ababili kuma-capacitor epuleti ahambisanayo. Kuphawu lwebhethri, umugqa omude oqondile umele amandla aphezulu (+) kanti umugqa omfushane oqondile umele amandla aphansi (-). Umugqa ovundlile wophawu lwe-capacitor kanye nophawu lwebhethri umele ikhebula.

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Incazelo Yomthamo Wama-capacitor

Ingilazi encane ingaqukatha amanzi amancane, kanti ingilazi enkulu ingaqukatha amanzi amaningi. Uma ivolumu yengilazi inkulu, kulapho amanzi amaningi angaqukatha khona. Ngakho-ke, ingilazi ngayinye inomthamo noma usayizi wekhono lokuqukatha amanzi. Njengengilazi, ama-capacitor angagcina futhi amashaja kagesi kanye namandla kagesi. Umthamo we-capacitor wokugcina ishaja kagesi kanye namandla kagesi abizwa ngokuthi i-capacitance.

Izici ezithinta amandla okusebenza

Ubukhulu bekhono lengilazi lokugcina amanzi bunqunywa yivolumu yengilazi. Kuthiwani ngama-capacitor, yini enquma ubukhulu bekhono le-capacitor lokugcina ishaja kagesi?

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Isihloko mayelana nokwengezwa kwama-Vector

1. Ubuningi be-vector kanye ne-scalar

Ngaphezu kobuningi obuyisisekelo nobuvelayo, ubuningi obuphathekayo busengahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili, okungukuthi ubuningi be-scalar kanye nobuningi be-vector. Ubuningi obufana nobunzima, ibanga, isikhathi kanye nomthamo, buyinani le-scalar, ubuningi obunobukhulu kodwa obungenalo isiqondiso. Ngenkathi ubukhulu obufana nokufuduka, ijubane, ukusheshisa, kanye namandla kuyinani le-vector, ubuningi obunobukhulu futhi obunesiqondiso.

a. Umehluko phakathi kwe-s calar kanye nenani le-vector

Uma uthi isisindo sebhola singamagremu angu-400, lesi sitatimende sanele ukuthi wazi isisindo sebhola. Awudingi isiqondiso ukuze uthole isisindo sebhola. Ngokufanayo nesikhathi, izinga lokushisa, ivolumu, ubuningi, njll. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomzimba ezingeke zichazwe ngobukhulu kuphela. Uma uthi ingane inyakaza ize ifike kumamitha ayi-100, khona-ke lesi sitatimende asanele. Ungase ubuze, inyakaze kuphi? Ingabe isenyakatho, eningizimu, empumalanga, noma entshonalanga? Ngokufanayo, uma uthi ucindezela itafula ngamandla angu-200 N.

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Isihloko mayelana nobuningi befiziksi ekuhambeni okuqondile

1. Isikhathi sokuphumula

Uma into isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye, into idinga isikhawu esithile sesikhathi. Uphawu lwesikhathi ngu-t (isikhathi). Iyunithi yesistimu yamazwe ngamazwe yesikhathi ingeyesibili (amas).

2. Ibanga kanye nokufuduka

Ibanga ubude bendlela ethathwe yinto. Ibanga liyinani elilinganiselwe, lapho inani lingaxhomekile esiqondisweni. Uphawu lwebanga lingu-d kanti iyunithi yesistimu yamazwe ngamazwe iyimitha (m).

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