Izindlela Zokwelapha Ithumba Lezinsini
Ithumba lezinsini yisimo esithathelwanayo esibonakala ngokuqongelela kobomvu ezicutshini zezinsini. Lesi simo sivame ukubangela ubuhlungu obuhlabayo, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umoya omubi noma ukunambitheka okubi emlonyeni. Ngenxa yokuthi sihilela ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ithumba lezinsini akufanele lithathwe kalula. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka ezicutshini ezizungezile, emhlathini, futhi kuthinte ngisho nempilo iyonke. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngezindlela zokwelapha ithumba lezinsini, kusukela ekunakekelweni kokuqala ekhaya kuya ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha ngudokotela wamazinyo, kanye nendlela yokuvimbela ukuphinda kuvele.
Ukuqonda izinhlobo zamathumba ezinsini
Ngokuvamile, amathumba ezinsini angavela emithonjeni emibili eyinhloko. Okokuqala, ithumba le-periodontal, ukutheleleka okuqala ezicutshini ezisekela izinyo (izinsini nasemathanjeni) ngenxa yesifo sezinsini noma amaphakethe ezinsini ezijulile. Okwesibili, ithumba le-periapical, ukutheleleka okuqala empundwini yezinyo (umthambo wezinyo), ngokuvamile okubangelwa umgodi ojulile noma izinyo eliqhekekile. Nakuba izimpawu zifana, umthombo wokutheleleka uzonquma indlela yokwelapha efanele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale imbangela.
Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele
Amathumba ezinsini ngokuvamile abangela:
– Ubuhlungu obuhlabayo, bungasakazeka emhlathini, endlebeni, noma entanyeni
– Izinsini ziyavuvukala, zibomvu futhi zifudumele
– Kuvela amaqhubu afana namaqhubu ezinsinini angakhipha ubomvu
– Umlomo omubi noma ukunambitheka okubabayo
– Amazinyo azwakala ephakeme uma eluma noma ekhululekile (ezimweni ze-periodontal)
– Umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, kanye nokukhula kwama-lymph node ezifweni ezinzima kakhulu
Uma uba nomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuvuvukala kusakazekela ezihlathini noma entanyeni, ubunzima bokuvula umlomo wakho, ubunzima bokugwinya, noma ukuphelelwa umoya, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha. Lokhu kungabonisa ukutheleleka okusakazekayo futhi okungaba yingozi.
Usizo lokuqala ekhaya (hhayi esikhundleni sokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha)
Ukwelashwa kokuqala kuhlose ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka ngesikhathi ulinde ukuvakashelwa udokotela wamazinyo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ithumba ngeke liphole unomphela ngokunakekelwa ekhaya kuphela.
1. Hlanza ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele
Ncibilikisa uhhafu wethisipuni kasawoti engilazini yamanzi afudumele bese ugeza izandla zakho izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni amagciwane angaphezulu futhi kunciphise ukuvuvukala okuncane.
2. Ukucindezela okubandayo okuvela ngaphandle
Faka i-compress ebandayo ohlangothini oluvuvukele lwesihlathi sakho imizuzu eyi-10-15 ukusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
3. Gcina inhlanzeko yomlomo
Hlanza amazinyo akho kancane, ugxile ekuhlanzekeni kodwa ugweme ukucindezela ezindaweni ezibuhlungu kakhulu. Sebenzisa i-dental floss noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuze unciphise ukungcola kokudla.
4. Imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu
Imithi efana ne-paracetamol noma i-ibuprofen ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu. Landela imiyalelo esephaketheni futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa uma kukhona okuphambene (isib., ukungezwani komzimba, izinkinga zesisu/izinso nge-ibuprofen). Gwema ukusebenzisa i-aspirin ngqo ezinsinini, ngoba ingabangela ukucasuka.
5. Gwema ukucindezela iqhubu lethumba.
Ukucindezela kungasunduza ukutheleleka kujule noma kukusabalalise. Shiya amanzi kubasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa ngudokotela wamazinyo
Emtholampilo, udokotela wamazinyo uzohlola umthombo wokutheleleka ngokusebenzisa:
- Ukuhlolwa ngokubona kanye nokuthinta indawo evuvukele
– Ukuhlolwa kwe-periodontal uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ithumba le-periodontal
- Ukuhlolwa kwamandla amazinyo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inzwa yamazinyo isaphila yini
– Ama-x-ray amazinyo ukuhlola umonakalo wamathambo, ukutheleleka kwezimpande, noma amathumba ajulile
Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ngoba ukwelashwa kwethumba elibangelwa yisifo sezinsini kuhlukile kunethumba elibangelwa ukutheleleka kwemizwa yezinyo.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha ithumba lezinsini
1. Ukukhipha amanzi emathunjini (ukususwa kobomvu)
Ukumunca amanzi kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunciphisa ingcindezi, ubuhlungu, kanye nomthwalo wamagciwane. Udokotela wamazinyo angenza ukunqunywa okuncane ezinsinini noma avule umsele wokukhipha amanzi ngesikhwama sezinsini. Le nqubo yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo futhi ngokuvamile inikeza impumuzo esheshayo ebuhlungwini.
Kodwa-ke, ukukhipha amanzi kuphela akwanele uma umthombo wokutheleleka ungakaxazululwa. Uma ubomvu sebukhishwe, udokotela uzoqhubeka nokwelashwa okufanele ngokusekelwe embangela eyinhloko.
2. Ukuhlanza amaphakethe ezinsini (ukukhulisa nokuhlunga izimpande)
Uma ithumba libangelwa isifo se-periodontal, udokotela wamazinyo uzosusa i-tartar namagciwane ngaphansi komugqa wezinsini. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-scaling kanye ne-root planing, ishelela ubuso bempande yezinyo, okwenza kube nzima ngamabhaktheriya ukunamathela kabusha. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wamazinyo angase afake ukuchelela okulwa namagciwane ukusiza ukunciphisa inani lamagciwane.
3. Ukwelashwa kwezimpande zomsele
Uma ithumba livela ekuthelelekeni kwe-dental pulp (periapical), ukwelashwa kwe-root canal kuyindlela eyinhloko yokusindisa izinyo. Udokotela wamazinyo uzohlanza izicubu zemizwa ezithelelekile, abulale amagciwane emgudwini we-root canal, bese eyivala ngezinto ezikhethekile zokugcwalisa. Ngemva kwalokho, izinyo ngokuvamile lidinga ukugcwalisa unomphela noma umqhele ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhekeka.
Izimpande zemisele zisiza ekususeni umthombo wokutheleleka ngaphakathi kwezinyo ukuze ithumba lingaphinde libuye.
4. Ukukhipha amazinyo
Uma izinyo lonakele kakhulu, liqhekekile empandeni, noma lithelelekile, alikwazi ukwelashwa ngokwelashwa kwezimpande, ukukhishwa kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba izinyo lisusiwe, indawo iyahlanzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okusele. Udokotela wamazinyo angaxoxa ngezinketho zokufaka izinyo esikhundleni salo njengamabhuloho, amazinyo okufakelwa, noma ama-implant.
5. Ama-antibiotic (uma kudingeka)
Ama-antibiotic awadingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi kuzo zonke izimbotshana zezinsini. Ama-antibiotic avame ukunikezwa uma:
– Ukusabalala kokutheleleka (ukusabalala kokuvuvukala)
- Kukhona umkhuhlane noma izimpawu zomzimba
– Isiguli sinohlelo lokuzivikela olubuthakathaka
– Amanzi awasebenzi kahle noma kunzima ukufinyelela ithumba
Udokotela uzokhetha uhlobo lwe-antibiotic ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho kanye nomlando wokungezwani komzimba. Kubalulekile ukuqeda inkambo enqunyiwe yama-antibiotic futhi ungawasebenzisi ama-antibiotic ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekumelaneni nemithi.
6. Ukuhlanza umlomo okulwa namagciwane kanye nokwelashwa okwengeziwe
Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi wokuhlanza umlomo obulala amagciwane njenge-chlorhexidine ukusiza ekunciphiseni amagciwane. Kwezinye izimo ze-periodontal, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungafaka ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic endaweni ephaketheni lezinsini, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-periodontal uma kunomonakalo omkhulu emathanjeni.
Ukunakekelwa kwangemva kwesenzo
Ukuze uthole ukululama okungcono kakhulu:
- Landela isimiso sokuhlolwa esinikezwe udokotela
- Thatha imithi njengoba uyalelwe
– Gwema ukudla okuqinile, okushisayo, nokunongwe isikhashana.
– Ungabhemi ngoba kuvimbela ukuphulukiswa.
– Gcina umlomo wakho uhlanzekile ngebhulashi lamazinyo elithambile futhi uhlanze phakathi kwamazinyo.
Ubuhlungu buvame ukuba ngcono zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa komsuka wokutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlungu bukhula, ukuvuvukala kuyanda, noma umkhuhlane uvela, buyela kudokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Vimbela ukuvela kwethumba lezinsini
Ukuvimbela kugxile ekuvimbeleni izifo zezinsini kanye nokutheleleka kwamazinyo:
1. Hlanza amazinyo akho kabili ngosuku ngendlela efanele.
2. Sebenzisa i-dental floss noma ibhulashi lamazinyo nsuku zonke.
3. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukashukela okweqile ukuze uvimbele ukubola kwamazinyo.
4. Ukukala njalo njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12 kuye ngesimo sezinsini.
5. Hlola ngokushesha ukuthi azikho yini izimbobo, amazinyo aqhekekile, noma izimbobo ezivuzayo.
6. Yeka ukubhema futhi uphathe izimo zomzimba ezifana nesifo sikashukela njengoba zithinta impilo yezinsini.
Isiphetho
Ukwelashwa kwethumba lezinsini kuncike embangela, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukukhipha ubomvu, ukuhlanza umthombo wokutheleleka ezinsini noma emgudwini wezimpande, kanye nokunikeza imithi efana nama-antibiotic noma ama-antiseptic uma kudingeka. Ukwelashwa ekhaya kunikeza kuphela ukukhululeka kwezimpawu zesikhashana futhi akuqedi umthombo wokutheleleka. Ngenxa yokuthi amathumba ezinsini angaba yizinkinga ezinkulu, kungcono ukubona udokotela wamazinyo ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma iqhubu eligcwele ubomvu ezinsini zakho.
Uma ungathanda, ngingaguqula lesi sihloko sibe sesayensi kakhulu (ngezinkomba) noma sithandwe kakhulu ngamabhulogi ezempilo, kanye nokufaka isigaba "semibuzo nezimpendulo" abafundi abavame ukusifuna.
