Mhando dzeMishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya Yekutapukirwa Nezino
Utachiona hwemazino idambudziko rehutano rinowanzo konzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kuzvimba, kufema kunonhuwa, uye kunyange fivha. Utachiona hunowanzo tanga nemazino asina kurapwa, kuzvimba kwemazino, midzi yemazino ine utachiona, kana maronda (mimwe midziyo yemazino) yakakomberedza zino nenyama dzaro dzinoritsigira. Kazhinji, kurapwa kukuru kwehutachiona hwemazino hakusi mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, asi nzira dzekurapa mazino dzakadai sekuchenesa kwakabva utachiona, kurapwa kwemidzi yemeno, kubuda kwemvura mumazino, kana kubviswa kwezino. Zvisinei, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kudiwa kana utachiona hwapararira, huchiperekedzwa nezviratidzo zvemuviri, kana murwere aine mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anowedzera njodzi yematambudziko.
Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura mhando dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzo shandiswa pakutapukirwa nemazino, painowanzo nyorwa nachiremba, uye zvinhu zvakakosha pakushandisa kwayo zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira.
Kubatwa nehutachiona hwezino kunoda mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya riini?
Haasi ese matambudziko emazino anoda mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda kurwisa mabhakitiriya, saka inobatsira kana paine hutachiona hwebhakitiriya huri panjodzi yekupararira. Vanachiremba vemazino vanowanzo funga nezvemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana:
1. Kuzvimba kunopararira kumatama, shaya, kana mutsipa.
2. Fivha, kushaya simba, kana zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwemuviri.
3. Matumbu anoperekedzwa nekuzvimba kukuru kana kuti akaoma kuvhura (trismus).
4. Ma lymph nodes akakura uye kurwadziwa pakumedza.
5. Kusasimba kwemasoja emuviri, semuenzaniso varwere vane zvimwe zvirwere kana vari kurapwa nemasoja ekudzivirira muviri.
Kana paine marwadzo anokonzerwa nemazino asina kuparadzira kuzvimba, vanachiremba vanowanzo tarisa pakurapa kwemunzvimbo (kuzadza, kurapwa kwemidzi yemudumbu) uye kuderedza marwadzo, pane kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
1. Penicillin (Penicillin V)
Penicillin V mushonga wekare unoshandiswa pakurapa hutachiona hwemuromo nekuti unoshanda zvakanyanya pakurwisa mabhakitiriya anokonzera hutachiona hwemazino. Zvakanakira zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwawo kwenguva refu uye mutengo wakaderera.
Zvisinei, penicillin haishande nguva dzose muzviitiko zvese nekuti mamwe mabhakitiriya anonwiwa nemuromo anogona kugadzira ma enzymes anoita kuti isashande zvakanaka. Uyezve, vamwe vanhu vane allergy kupenicillin, vachida dzimwe nzira.
Kushandiswa kwakajairika: hutachiona hwemazino hushoma-hune mwero, kunyanya kana pasina fungidziro yekuti hunoramba kushanda zvakanyanya.
2. Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin iri muboka repenicillin rine huwandu hwakakura kupfuura Penicillin V. Vanachiremba vazhinji vemazino vanosarudza amoxicillin nekuti inonyudzwa zvakanaka uye inoshanda kurwisa mabhakitiriya akawanda anokonzera hutachiona hwemazino.
Muchokwadi, amoxicillin inowanzo kuve sarudzo yekutanga kune varwere vasina allergies uye vane hutachiona hunoda mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Zvakanakira: inoshanda, inowanikwa zviri nyore, iri nyore kuishandisa.
Cherechedza: hazvisati zvakakodzera kune varwere vane allergies ye penicillin.
3. Amoxicillin–Clavulanate (Amoxicillin–Clavulanate)
Kusanganiswa kwe amoxicillin ne clavulanic acid kunobatsira kurapa mabhakitiriya anogadzira beta-lactamase (enzyme inogona "kumisa" mamwe ma antibiotic). Nokudaro, amoxicillin–clavulanate inowanzo shandiswa pazvirwere zvakanyanya, zvinodzokororwa, kana hutachiona hunofungidzirwa kuti hahuna simba kune amoxicillin yakajairwa.
Mashandisirwo akajairika: maronda akanyanya, hutachiona hunopararira, kana zviitiko zvisingavandudzike nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yekutanga.
Migumisiro inogona kuitika: matambudziko ekugaya chikafu akadai sekusvotwa kana manyoka kakawanda kupfuura amoxicillin chete.
4. Clindamycin
Clindamycin inowanzo shandiswa senzira huru yekurapa varwere vane allergies ku penicillin. Mushonga uyu unoshanda pakurwisa mabhakitiriya akawanda asina simba (mabhakitiriya anokura pasina okisijeni) anowanzo konzera hutachiona hwemazino nemapundu.
Kunyange zvazvo ichishanda, clindamycin inomutsa kunetseka nekuti inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurwara nemanyoka anokonzerwa nehutachiona hweClostridioides difficile mune vamwe vanhu. Saka, kushandiswa kwayo kunofanirwa kuitwa zvichienderana nezviratidzo uye zvakanyorerwa nachiremba.
Mashandisirwo akajairika: varwere vane allergy yepenicillin, maronda anobuda mumazino, hutachiona hwenyama dzakapfava dzakakomberedza mazino.
5. Metronidazole (Metronidazole)
Metronidazole inoshanda zvikuru pakurwisa mabhakitiriya asina simba, ayo anowanzo kuwanikwa muzvirwere zvemazino nemazino zvakadzika. Zvisinei, metronidazole haiwanzo shandiswa yoga, asi inoshandiswa pamwe chete neamoxicillin kana penicillin kana hutachiona hunofungidzirwa kuti hunosanganisira musanganiswa wemabhakitiriya ane simba uye asina simba.
Mashandisirwo akajairika: maronda emazino, mamwe hutachiona hwemazino, kana mishonga inosanganiswa muzvirwere zvakakomba.
Zvakakosha: Metronidazole haikurudzirwi kushandiswa pamwe chete nedoro nekuti inogona kukonzera kusanzwa zvakanaka (kuda kurutsa zvakanyanya, kurutsa, kurova kwemoyo zvakanyanya). Tevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako maererano nechero chipingamupinyi.
6. Macrolides: Azithromycin neErythromycin
Mishonga yeMacrolides yakaita seazithromycin neerythromycin inogonawo kushandiswa kune varwere vane allergies kupenicillin. Azithromycin inowanzo sarudzwa nekuti ine nguva yekurapwa iri nyore uye inowanzova nemigumisiro mishoma mudumbu kupfuura erythromycin.
Zvisinei, mamwe mabhakitiriya emuromo anoratidza kusakwanisa kurwisa macrolides, saka chiremba achafunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu uye nhoroondo yekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kare.
Mashandisirwo akajairika: imwe nzira yekurapa allergy yepenicillin, mamwe hutachiona husina kunyanya kuomarara.
7. Cephalosporins (Cephalosporins)
Vamwe vanachiremba vemazino vanogona kunyora mishonga yecephalosporins (semuenzaniso, cephalexin) yezvirwere zvemazino, kunyanya kana murwere asina allergy yakanyanya nepenicillin. Iyi mhando yemishonga ine chekuita nepenicillin, saka kana paine allergies yakanyanya (semuenzaniso, anaphylactic reactions), kushandiswa kwayo kunofanira kudzivirirwa kana kufungwa nezvayo, zvichienderana nekuongorora kwachiremba.
Kushandiswa kwakajairika: imwe nzira mune dzimwe nguva, kunyanya hutachiona husina kunyanya kudzika.
Nheyo Yakakosha: Mishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya Haisi Nzvimbo Yekutarisira Mazino
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kubatsira kudzikamisa kukura kwebhakitiriya uye kuderedza kupararira kwehutachiona, asi haibvisi chinokonzera dambudziko, senge mukaha wakadzika, nyama yakafa, kana tupukanana tunoda kubuda ropa. Pasina kurapwa kwakazara, hutachiona hunogona kudzoka mushure mekunge mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yapera.
Maitiro ekurapa mazino anowanzo dikanwa anosanganisira:
- Kurapa midziyo yemukati mezino kuchenesa hutachiona kubva mukati mezino
- Kubvisa matumbu kuti ubvise matumbu
- Kuchenesa matartar uye kuchengetedza matadza kana kwakabva periodontal
- Kubvisa zino kana zino risingachakwanisi kuponeswa
Mashandisiro Emishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya Zvakachengeteka
Kuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ishande zvakanaka uye isakonzere mamwe matambudziko, teerera zvinotevera:
1. Tora sezvakarairwa (muyero wekushandisa uye nguva yekushandisa hazvifanirwe kuchinjwa iwe pachako).
2. Pedzisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kunze kwekunge chiremba wako akuudza kuti urege nekuda kwemamwe matambudziko.
3. Usashandise mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yasara kubva kuzvirwere zvekare.
4. Taura nezve allergies dzemishonga, kunyanya penicillin kana cephalosporin.
5. Tarisa zviratidzo zvemigumisiro yakakomba yakadai sekushaya mweya, kupararira kwemapundu, kuzvimba kwechiso, kana manyoka akanyanya—tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
6. Usanonotsa kushanda kwemazino: mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzova "zambuko" usati watanga kurapwa.
Unofanira Kuenda Kuna Chiremba Here Kana Kukurumidzira?
Tsvaga rubatsiro nekukasika kana ukasangana ne:
- Kuzvimba kunowedzera nekukurumidza pachiso/pamutsipa
- Kuomerwa nekufema kana kumedza
- Muromo wakaoma kuvhura
- Kunzwa fivha yakanyanya, kutonhora, kana kushaya simba kwakanyanya
- Marwadzo akanyanya asinganyanyi kunaka nemishonga
Kupararira kwehutachiona hwemazino kunogona kuva nengozi kana kukasarapwa.
Penutup
Mhando dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzo shandiswa pakurapa hutachiona hwemazino dzinosanganisira penicillin (Penicillin V), amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, clindamycin, metronidazole, macrolides (azithromycin/erythromycin), uye cephalosporins mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kusarudzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kunoenderana nekuoma kwehutachiona, mhando yebhakitiriya inofungidzirwa, chero allergies, uye hutano hwemurwere.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inofanira kushandiswa chete sezvakarairwa nachiremba kana chiremba wemazino, pamwe chete nekurapa kwakabva chirwere ichi. Nekungwarira kwakakodzera uye kushandisa mishonga zvine hungwaru, hutachiona hwemazino hunogona kurapwa zvakachengeteka uye nekukurumidza, zvichidzivirira matambudziko.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kugadzirisa chinyorwa ichi kuti chive "chakakurumbira" pablog rezvehutano, kana kuti "chesainzi" chine mareferensi uye maitiro ekunyora akafanana nejenari.
