Kumvetsetsa Ma Vector a Unit
Vekitala ya unit ndi vekitala yomwe kukula kwake ndi 1. Vekitala ya unit ilibe mayunitsi ndipo imagwira ntchito yosonyeza njira mumlengalenga. Kuti isiyanitse ndi vekitala wamba, imasindikizidwa molimba mtima (palemba losindikizidwa) kapena chizindikiro ^ chimayikidwa pamwamba pake (palemba).
Mu dongosolo la Cartesian coordinate (xyz) timagwiritsa ntchito vector ya unit i posonyeza njira ya x-axis yabwino, j posonyeza njira ya y-axis yabwino, k posonyeza njira ya y-axis yabwino.
Zigawo za Vekitala
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa, taganizirani chitsanzo chotsatirachi. Mwachitsanzo, pali vekitala F monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa chikusonyezera.
Mu chithunzichi, vekitala ya unit i ikuwonetsa njira yabwino ya x-axis ndipo j imasonyeza njira yabwino ya y-axis. Tikhoza kunena ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa vekitala ya gawo ndi zigawo zake, motere:
F x = F x i
F y = F y j
Tikhoza kulemba vekitala F m'zigawo zake motere:
F = F x i + F y j
Mwachitsanzo, pali mavekitala awiri, A ndi B mu dongosolo la xy coordinate, pomwe mavekitala awiriwa amafotokozedwa malinga ndi zigawo zawo:
A = A x i + A y j
B = B x i + B y j
Nanga bwanji ngati A ndi B aphatikizidwa pamodzi?
R = A + B
R = (Axi + Ayj) + (Bxi + Byj)
R = (Ax + Bx)i + ((Ay + By)j
R = R x i + R y j
Ngati ma vector onse sali mu xy plane ndiye kuti tikhoza kuwonjezera unit vector k, yomwe imasonyeza kuti z-axis ndi njira yabwino.
A = A x i + A y j + A z k
B = B x i + B y j + B z k
Ngati ma vector A ndi B awonjezedwa, zotsatira zotsatirazi zidzapezeka:
R = A + B
R = (Axi + Ayj + Azk) + (Bxi + Byj + Bzk)
R = (Ax + Bx)i + ((Ay + By)j + ((Az + Bz)k
R = R x i + R y j + R z k
