Zokambirana 15 Zokhudza Mafunde a Phokoso
1. Mawu olondola okhudza lamulo la kuwunikira bwino ndi...
A. Phokoso la chochitika, mzere wabwinobwino, ndi phokoso lowonetsedwa zili mu ndege yomweyo, ngodya ya zochitikazo ndi yaying'ono kuposa ngodya ya chiwonetserocho.
B. Phokoso la chochitika, mzere wabwinobwino, ndi phokoso lowonetsedwa zili pamzere umodzi, ngodya ya zochitikazo ndi yofanana ndi ngodya ya kuwunikira
C. Phokoso la chochitika, mzere wabwinobwino, ndi phokoso lowonetsedwa zili mu ndege imodzi, ngodya ya zochitikazo ndi yofanana ndi ngodya ya kuwunikira.
D. Phokoso la chochitika, mzere wabwinobwino, ndi phokoso lowonetsedwa zili mu ndege imodzi, ngodya ya zochitika si yofanana ndi ngodya ya kuwunikira.
Zokambirana
Phokoso ndi kuwala ndi mafunde, chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zake ndi chakuti amawunikira. Lamulo la kuwunikira limati:
1. Mafunde a ngozi, mafunde owonekera ndi mzere wabwinobwino zili m'gulu limodzi.
2. Ngodya ya zochitika ndi yofanana ndi ngodya ya kuwunikira
Yankho lolondola ndi C.
2. Mkati mwa bokosi la sipika kapena sipika yogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi ubweya wagalasi kapena thovu. Izi cholinga chake ndi...
A. phokoso limakhala lalikulu kwambiri
B. palibe kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika
C. palibe kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika
D. palibe ma echo omwe amachitika
Zokambirana
Ubweya wagalasi kapena thovu ndi losalala, motero limagwira ntchito yochepetsa kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafunde amawu, motero limachepetsa ndikuchotsa. Ngati kugwedezeka kwachepa ndikuchotsedwa, mawuwo amachepanso ndikutha. Ngati sanachepetsedwe, mafunde amawu amatha kuwonekera kuchokera pamakoma a sipika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawuwo amveke. Mamvekedwe ndi mawu omwe amamveka nthawi imodzi ndi mawu oyamba, pomwe mamvekedwe ndi mawu omwe amamveka pambuyo pa mawu oyamba.
Ubweya wa galasi umagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chochepetsera phokoso m'ma studio a nyimbo poika mkati mwa makoma a studio ya nyimbo ndi ubweya wagalasi.
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
3. Phokoso silingathe kudutsa…
A. zinthu zolimba
B. madzi
C. mpweya
D. chotsukira mpweya
Zokambirana
Mafunde amawu amafuna cholumikizira kuti chiziyenda kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina. Zinthu zomwe mafunde amawu amatha kudutsamo ndi zinthu zolimba, zamadzimadzi, ndi mpweya. Phokoso silingayende mu vacuum chifukwa palibe cholumikizira choti lidutsemo.
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
4. Ma audiosonic amamveka pafupipafupi...
A. 10 Hz – 20 Hz
B. 20 Hz – 40 Hz
C. 20 kHz – 40 kHz
D. 20 Hz – 20 kHz
Zokambirana
Mafunde a audiosonic ndi mafunde a phokoso omwe anthu amatha kumva ndipo amakhala ndi ma frequency pakati pa 20 Hertz ndi 20.000 Hertz.
Kupatula ma audiosonics, palinso mawu akuti infrasonics ndi ultrasounds.
Mafunde a phokoso la infrasound ndi mafunde a phokoso omwe ali ndi mafupipafupi osakwana 20 Hertz, komwe phokosoli lingamveke ndi nyama monga nkhono, njoka, agalu, ndi shaki.
Mafunde a phokoso la ultrasound ndi mafunde a phokoso omwe ali ndi ma frequency opitilira 20.000 Hertz, komwe phokosoli limatha kumveka ndi nyama monga mileme.
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
5. Mwa njira zotsatirazi, mafunde amawu amayenda mofulumira mu...
A. aluminiyamu
B. mpweya
C. mpweya wa kaboni
D. mowa
Zokambirana
Mafunde a mawu ndi mafunde aatali omwe amafalikira kudzera mu zinthu, kaya ndi mpweya, madzi, kapena cholimba. Chifukwa chakuti amafalikira kudzera mu sing'anga, liwiro la mafunde a mawu limadalira momwe sing'anga imadutsa. Liwiro la mafunde a mawu limagwirizana mwachindunji ndi modulus yosalala ya sing'anga ndipo motsutsana limafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa sing'anga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti modulus yosalala ya sing'anga ikakhala yayikulu, liwiro la mafunde a mawu limakulirakulira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa sing'anga kukakhala kochepa, liwiro la mafunde a mawu limakulirakulira.
Dongosolo la kuchulukana kwa zinthu kuyambira zazikulu mpaka zazing'ono kwambiri ndi aluminiyamu (yolimba), mowa (madzimadzi), mpweya wa kaboni (mpweya) ndi mpweya (mpweya). Mpweya uli ndi kuchuluka kochepa kotero liwiro la kufalikira kwa mafunde a phokoso mumlengalenga ndi lalikulu.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
6. Mawu omwe ali ndi ma frequency okhazikika amatchedwa...
A. kupuma movutikira
B. mano
Kamvekedwe ka C.
D. mawu obwerezabwereza
Zokambirana
Mawu okhala ndi ma frequency okhazikika amatchedwa ma toni.
Yankho lolondola ndi C.
7. Tono akufuula mokweza patsogolo pa phiri lalitali. Patapita masekondi angapo, mawu omveka bwino amamveka, mawu omveka bwino a mawu ake. Ngati Tono alemba nthawi yomwe mawuwo akuchokera ndi mawuwo akuchokera, ndipo amadziwa liwiro la mawuwo mlengalenga panthawiyo, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka bwino kuti adziwe...
A. kutalika kwa phiri pamwamba pa nyanja
B. mtunda wa phiri kuchokera pomwe Tono anafuula
C. dera la khoma la phiri lomwe Tono akupitako
D. chinyezi chozungulira phiri
Zokambirana
Phokoso lililonse kapena phokoso limayenda mumlengalenga, motero liwiro la phokoso ndi lofanana ndi liwiro la kuyenda kwa mpweya. Ngati nthawi pakati pa echo ndi kufuula imadziwika, ndiye kuti nthawi (t) ya phokoso kuchokera komwe Tono adafuula kupita ku phiri imadziwika. Ngati liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga limadziwika (v), ndiye kuti liwiro la phokoso (v) limadziwika. Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito fomula liwiro (v) = mtunda (s) / nthawi (t), mtunda pakati pa phiri ndi komwe Tono adafuula umadziwika.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
8. Samalani ndi mawu otsatirawa!
1. Kuyeza kuya kwa nyanja
2. Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa mawu
3. Kuyeza mtunda pakati pa malo awiri
4. Wonjezerani kukula kwa mawu
Ubwino wa mawu owonetsedwa ukhoza kufotokozedwa mu nambala ya chiganizo…..
A. 1 ndi 2
B. 1 ndi 3
C. 2 ndi 3
D. 3 ndi 4
Zokambirana
Ngati liwiro la mawu (v) mlengalenga likudziwika, ndiye kuti podziwa nthawi (t) pakati pa mawu ndi mawu owonetsedwa, mtunda (s) pakati pa malo awiri ukhoza kuwerengedwa, mwachitsanzo mtunda pakati pa pamwamba pa nyanja ndi pansi pa nyanja (kuya kwa nyanja).
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
9. 
Yang'anani chithunzichi! Mu ntchito iyi, Ali amatha kumva mawu a Ani chifukwa...
A. Phokoso limayenda kudzera mu vacuum
B. Phokoso limayenda mu ulusi
C. Phokoso silingayende mumlengalenga
D. Mafupipafupi ochepera 20 Hz
Zokambirana
Ali amatha kumva mawu a Ani chifukwa mawu amayenda kudzera mu ulusi.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
10. Belu lamagetsi limayimbidwa mkati mwa silinda yagalasi yotsekedwa. Kenako, mpweya wochokera ku silinda umatuluka pang'onopang'ono mpaka utakhala wopanda kanthu. Phokoso la belulo limakhala lofooka kwambiri, ndipo pamapeto pake, silimveka konse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa...
A. Zofalitsa mawu zimafuna njira yolankhulirana
B. Phokoso limachepetsedwa ndi zinthu zagalasi
C. Phokoso limamveka ndi galasi
D. Kuchuluka kwa phokoso la belu kuli pansi pa 20 Hz
Zokambirana
Phokoso limafuna cholumikizira kuti liziyenda kuchokera pamalo ena kupita kwina. Cholumikizira chomwe phokoso lingadutse chingakhale zinthu zolimba, zamadzimadzi, kapena mpweya.
Ngati mpweya watulutsidwa kwathunthu ndiye kuti palibe mpweya mu silinda yotsekedwa. Ngati palibe mpweya, mawu sangatuluke mu silinda yotsekedwa yomwe ili ndi belu lamagetsi lomwe ndi gwero la mawuwo.
Yankho lolondola ndi A.
11. Mafunde a phokoso amawomberedwa m'nyanja ndipo phokoso lowonetsedwa limalandiridwa patatha masekondi 5. Ngati liwiro la phokoso m'nyanja ndi 1500 m/s, ndiye kuti kuya kwa nyanja komwe kumayesedwa ndi...
A. 7.500 m
B. 3.750 m
C. 300 m
D. 150 m
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Nthawi yobwerera = masekondi 5
Nthawi yopuma pakati pa kupita kapena kubwerera (t) = 5 / 2 = masekondi 2,5
Liwiro la phokoso m'nyanja (v) = 1500 m/s
Anafunsa: Kuzama kwa nyanja komwe kunayesedwa
Yankho:
Liwiro kapena njira ya mtunda:
v = s / t kapena s = vt
Kuzama kwa nyanja ndi:
s = vt = (1500 m/s)(2,5 s) = mamita 3750
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
12. Gwero la mawu limayenda pa liwiro la 2.500 m/s, ngati ma frequency ndi 500 hertz, ndiye kuti kutalika kwa mafunde a mawu ndi...
A. mamita 0,2
B. mamita 5
C. 100 mamita
D. 500 mamita
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro la gwero la mawu (v) = 2500 m/s
Kuchuluka kwa mawu (f) = 500 Hertz
Funso: Kutalika kwa mawu (λ)
Yankho:
Fomula ya liwiro la kufalikira kwa mafunde:
v = f λ
2500 = (500)(λ)
λ = 2500 / 500
λ = mamita 5
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
13. Winawake wagunda gong pafupi ndi phiri. Pambuyo pa masekondi 1,2, phokoso limamveka likubwerera m'mbuyo. Ngati liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga ndi 340 m/s, mtunda pakati pa phiri ndi gong beater ndi….
A. 170 m
B. 204 m
C. 340 m
D. 408 m
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Nthawi yoti phokoso liziyenda kuchokera pa gong beater kupita ku phiri kenako kubwerera ku gong beater = masekondi 1,2
Nthawi yoti phokoso liziyenda kuchokera ku gong beater kupita ku phiri = ½ (masekondi 1,2) = masekondi 0,6
Liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga (v) = 340 m/s
Funso: Mtunda pakati pa phiri ndi gong beater
Yankho:
Fomula ya liwiro la kufalitsa mawu:
v = s / t kapena
s = vt
Kufotokozera kwa fomula: v = liwiro la phokoso, s = mtunda woyenda, t = nthawi yoyenda
Mtunda pakati pa phiri ndi gong beater ndi:
s = vt
s = (340 m/s)(0,6 s)
s = mamita 204
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
14. Wophunzira wayima pafupi ndi phiri lomwe lili pamtunda wa mamita 850, kenako akufuula. Phokoso lomveka la phokosolo limamveka patatha masekondi 5. Liwiro la phokoso mlengalenga ndi….
A. 350 m/s
B. 340 m/s
C. 335 m/s
D. 330 m/s
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Mtunda (ma) wa wophunzira kuchokera ku phiri = mamita 850
Nthawi yoti phokoso liziyenda kuchokera kwa wophunzira kupita ku phiri kenako kubwerera kwa wophunzirayo = masekondi 5
Nthawi yoti phokoso liyende kuchokera kwa wophunzira kupita ku phiri = ½ (masekondi 5) = masekondi 2,5
Funso: Liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga
Yankho:
Liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga:
v = s / t
v = mamita 850 / masekondi 2,5
v = 340 m/s
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
15. Sitima imatulutsa mafunde a phokoso pansi pa nyanja. Patapita masekondi awiri, mafunde a phokoso amaonekera kuchokera pansi pa nyanja. Ngati liwiro la phokoso m'madzi a m'nyanja ndi 1400 m/s, kuya kwa nyanja pamalo amenewo ndi….
A. mamita 700
B. mamita 1.050
C. 1.400 mamita
D. 1.800 mamita
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Liwiro la phokoso (v) m'madzi a m'nyanja = 1400 m/s
Nthawi yopuma (t) kuti phokoso liyende kuchokera pa sitimayo kupita pansi pa nyanja kenako kubwerera ku sitimayo = masekondi awiri
Nthawi yopuma (t) kuti phokoso liyende kuchokera pa sitima kupita pansi pa nyanja = ½ (masekondi awiri) = sekondi imodzi
Funso: Liwiro la phokoso mumlengalenga
Yankho:
Kuzama kwa nyanja kapena mtunda wa sitimayo kufika pansi pa nyanja:
s = vt
s = (1400 m/s)(1 s)
s = mamita 1400
Yankho lolondola ndi C.
Gwero la funso:
Mafunso a Mayeso a Sayansi ya Sukulu ya Sekondale/Chisilamu cha Sukulu ya Sekondale
