Zitsanzo zitatu za mafunso ozungulira galasi
1. Chithunzi cholondola chojambulidwa pagalasi lopindika chimapezeka mu...
Zokambirana
Chithunzi cholondola cha galasi lopindika chili mu yankho B. Kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe mwamvetsa, mvetserani kufotokozera komwe kuli pansipa.
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wocheperako kuposa kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira, mawonekedwe a chithunzicho adzawonekera monga momwe chithunzi chilili pansipa.
Ngati chinthucho chili pakati pa malo ozungulira ndi pakati pa galasi lopindika, kapangidwe ka chithunzicho kamawoneka ngati chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa.
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho ndi waukulu kuposa radius of curvature (R) ya galasi lozungulira, mawonekedwe a chithunzicho adzawonekera monga momwe zilili pachithunzi chili pansipa.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
2. Chithunzi cholondola cha kapangidwe ka chithunzi cha chinthu chomwe chili patsogolo pa galasi lopindika chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi...
Zokambirana
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wocheperako kuposa kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira, mawonekedwe a chithunzicho adzawonekera monga momwe chithunzi chilili pansipa.
Ngati chinthucho chili pakati pa malo ozungulira ndi pakati pa galasi lopindika, kapangidwe ka chithunzicho kamawoneka ngati chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa.
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho ndi waukulu kuposa radius of curvature (R) ya galasi lozungulira, mawonekedwe a chithunzicho adzawonekera monga momwe zilili pachithunzi chili pansipa.
Yankho A ndi lolakwika chifukwa kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa sikungadutse pakati pa galasi lopindika (M).
Yankho B ndi lolakwika chifukwa kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa sikumadutsa kumapeto kwa chinthucho.
Yankho C ndi lolakwika chifukwa kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa sikumadutsa kumapeto kwa chinthucho.
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
3. Chithunzi cholondola cha kuwala kwapadera pagalasi lopindika pansipa ndi...
Zokambirana
Chochitikacho kapena kuwala kowala kuyenera kudutsa pamalo ofunikira.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
5. Yang'anani chithunzi cha galasi lopindika pansipa!
Chikhalidwe cha chithunzi chopangidwa ndi galasi ndi...
A. yeniyeni, yochepetsedwa komanso yowongoka
B. yeniyeni, yayikulu komanso yowongoka
C. yeniyeni, yochepetsedwa komanso yopotozedwa
D. zenizeni, zazikulu komanso zopotoka
Zokambirana
Chikhalidwe cha mthunzi ndi chenicheni, chochepetsedwa komanso chopotoka.
Yankho lolondola ndi C.
5. Chinthu chomwe chili ndi kutalika kwa 1 cm chimayikidwa 10 cm patsogolo pa galasi lopindika lomwe lili ndi kutalika kwa 15 cm. Dziwani:
A. Mtunda wa mthunzi?
B. Kodi mthunzi uli patali bwanji?
C. Kodi mthunzi uli ndi makhalidwe otani?
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Kutalika kwa chinthu (h) = 1 cm
Mtunda wa chinthu = 10 cm
Kutalika kwa galasi lopindika (f) = 15 cm
Yankho:
A. Mtunda wa chithunzi (s')
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/15 – 1/10 = 2/30 – 3/30 = -1/30
s' = -30/1 = -30 cm
Chizindikiro chotsutsa cha mtunda wa mthunzi chimatanthauza kuti mthunziwo ndi weniweni.
B. Kutalika kwa mthunzi (h')
Musanawerenge kutalika kwa mthunzi, choyamba werengani kukula kwa mthunzi.
Kukula kwa chithunzi (M):
M = -s'/s = h'/h
M = -(-30)/10 = 30/10 = 3
Chithunzicho chakulitsidwa katatu.
Kutalika kwa mthunzi (h'):
M = h' / h
3 = h' / 1 cm
h' = 3 (1 cm)
h' = 3 cm
Kutalika kwa mthunzi ndi 3 cm. Kutalika kwa mthunzi wabwino kumatanthauza kuti mthunziwo uli wowongoka.
C. Katundu wa mithunzi
Kutengera zotsatira za kuwerengera pamwambapa, zitha kutsimikizika kuti mithunzi ndi:
Maya, wowongoka komanso wokulirapo
6. Mu tochi, babu yaying'ono imayikidwa pamalo owonekera pagalasi lopindika. Izi zimachitika kuti kuwala komwe kumawonetsedwa kukhale….
A. kusonkhana nthawi ina
B. yofanana ndi malo akutali
C. kufalikira mbali zonse
D. amapanga chithunzi chenicheni, chochepetsedwa
Zokambirana
Ngati babu la nyali lili pamalo owonekera pagalasi lopindika, kuwala kochokera ku babu kumagunda pamwamba pagalasi lopindika kenako kumaonekera pamwamba pagalasi lopindika. Kulunjika kwa kuwala kopindika kumafanana ndi mzere waukulu wagalasi lopindika.
Yankho lolondola ndi B.
7. Chinthu chimayikidwa patsogolo pa galasi monga momwe chithunzichi chikusonyezera. Kukula kwa chithunzi chomwe chapangidwa ndi…..
A. nthawi 3
B. nthawi 2
C. nthawi 1
D. 1/2 nthawi
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Mtunda wa chinthu = 60 cm
Kutalika kwa focal (f) = 20 cm
Pamwambapa pali chithunzi cha galasi lopindika. Malo ofunikira pa galasi lopindika ndi komwe kuwala kumadutsa, kotero kutalika kwa galasi lopindika ndi kwabwino.
Funso: Kukula kwa chithunzi (M)
Yankho:
Choyamba werengani mtunda wa chithunzi (s'), kenako werengani kukula kwa chithunzi (M) pogwiritsa ntchito mtunda wa chithunzi womwe wapezeka.
Mtunda wa mthunzi:
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/20 cm – 1/60 cm = 3/60 cm – 1/60 cm = 2/60 cm
s' = 60/2 cm = 30 cm
Kukula kwa chithunzi (M):
M = s'/s = 30 cm / 60 cm = 1/2 nthawi
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
8. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kupangika kwa chithunzi ngati chinthu chayikidwa 6 cm patsogolo pa galasi lopindika. Ngati chinthucho chasunthidwa kuchokera pamalo ake oyambirira 1 cm kutali ndi galasi, ndiye kuti mtunda wa chithunzicho kuchokera pagalasi ndi…..
A. 2,5 cm
B. 4,0 cm
C. 7,0 cm
D. 9,3 cm
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Mtunda wa chinthu = 6 cm
Mtunda wa mthunzi = 12 cm
Mtunda wa chinthu ndi mtunda wa chithunzi ndi zabwino chifukwa ndi zenizeni kapena zimadutsa ndi kuwala.
Funso: Ngati mtunda wa chinthu (s) = 7 cm, ndiye kuti mtunda wa chithunzi (s) ndi…..
Yankho:
Choyamba, werengerani kutalika kwa galasi lozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito mtunda wa chinthucho ndi deta ya mtunda wa chithunzi pamwambapa.
1/f = 1/s + 1/s' = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12
f = 12/3 = 4 cm
Kutalika kwa galasi lopindika ndi kwabwino chifukwa malo opindika a galasi lopindika amadutsa ndi kuwala kapena ndi enieni.
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho ndi 7 cm ndiye kuti mtunda wa chithunzi ndi:
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s = 1/4 – 1/7 = 7/28 – 4/28 = 3/28
s' = 28/3 = 9,3 cm
Yankho lolondola ndi D.
