Mphamvu ndi Zofooka za Mabizinesi a Boma
Mabungwe Oyendetsedwa ndi Boma (SOEs) ndi mabungwe amalonda omwe ali ndi boma komanso omwe amayendetsedwa ndi boma. M'mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo Indonesia, ma SOE amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chuma cha dziko. Ma SOE alipo osati kuti angopanga phindu komanso kuti apereke ntchito za anthu onse komanso kuthandizira chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko . Komabe, monga mabungwe apadera omwe ali ndi boma, ma SOE ali ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zabwino ndi zoyipa za ma SOE ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chuma cha dziko.
Ubwino wa BUMN
1. Kupeza Ndalama Mosavuta:
Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mabizinesi aboma (SOEs) ndikupeza mosavuta ndalama. Popeza ndi a boma, ma SOE nthawi zambiri amalandira thandizo la ndalama kuchokera ku boma, kaya kudzera mu njira zopezera ndalama mwachindunji kapena chitsimikizo cha ngongole. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ma SOE azitha kuchita mapulojekiti akuluakulu omwe amafunika ndalama zambiri zoyambira.
2. Ntchito ya Chitukuko ndi Zachikhalidwe:
BUMN sikuti imangoyang'ana pa kupeza phindu lokha, komanso ili ndi cholinga chothandiza anthu kukonza ubwino wa anthu ammudzi ndikuthandizira chitukuko cha dziko. Mwachitsanzo, kupereka ntchito zotsika mtengo m'magawo anzeru monga mphamvu, mayendedwe, ndi mauthenga.
3. Zachuma Zakulemera:
Popeza mabungwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, ma SOE nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chuma chambiri. Izi zimawathandiza kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso ndalama zochepa poyerekeza ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono.
4. Kukhazikika ndi Kukhazikika:
Ndi chithandizo cha boma, mabizinesi aboma amakhala okhazikika pakati pa kusinthasintha kwachuma poyerekeza ndi makampani achinsinsi. Thandizo ili limawonjezera chidaliro cha osunga ndalama ndi ogwirizana nawo pa bizinesi pa kukhazikika kwa SOEs kwa nthawi yayitali.
5. Netiweki Yaikulu:
Mabizinesi aboma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi maukonde akuluakulu komanso zomangamanga zolimba zomwe zimamangidwa kwa zaka zambiri. Izi zimatsegula mwayi wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha bizinesi ndi mgwirizano pakati pa magawo.
Zofooka za BUMN
1. Bungwe la Utsogoleri ndi Kuchita Bwino:
Chimodzi mwa zofooka zazikulu za mabizinesi aboma ndi kukhalapo kwa mabungwe okhwima komanso osagwira ntchito bwino. kupanga zisankho Njira zazitali komanso zovuta zimatha kulepheretsa kuyankha mwachangu ku kusintha kwa msika ndi ukadaulo.
2. Kulowererapo pa Ndale:
Monga mabungwe olamulidwa ndi boma, mabizinesi aboma (SOEs) nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kusokonezedwa ndi ndale. Zisankho zamabizinesi zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi zofuna zandale za nthawi yochepa, zomwe sizili zopindulitsa kampani kwa nthawi yayitali.
3. Zolepheretsa za Mpikisano ndi Zatsopano:
Chifukwa cha thandizo la ndalama ndi chitetezo cha boma, mabizinesi ena aboma akhoza kukhala osapikisana komanso osapanga zinthu zatsopano. Kukhala ndi chitonthozo chambiri kungachepetse chilimbikitso chofuna kupanga zinthu zatsopano ndikupikisana pamsika wosinthasintha.
4. Nkhani Zokhudza Kayendetsedwe:
Sizachilendo kuti mabizinesi aboma (SOEs) akumane ndi mavuto okhudza kayendetsedwe ka makampani, kuphatikizapo utsogoleri wosagwira ntchito bwino komanso kayendetsedwe ka mabungwe kosakwanira. Izi zitha kuwononga magwiridwe antchito a kampani yonse.
5. Katundu wa Anthu:
Monga gawo la udindo wawo pagulu, mabizinesi aboma nthawi zambiri amafunika kuganizira mfundo zomwe sizipindulitsa pazachuma koma zofunika pagulu. Mwachitsanzo, kupereka chithandizo/chithandizo kumadera akutali omwe angakhale osauka pazachuma.
Makampani Oyendetsedwa ndi Boma ku Indonesia
Ku Indonesia, mabizinesi aboma (SOEs) amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chuma cha dzikolo. Magawo ena ofunikira a SOE ndi monga mphamvu (PLN, Pertamina), mayendedwe (PT KAI, Garuda Indonesia), kulumikizana ndi anthu (Telkom Indonesia), ndi mabanki (Bank Mandiri, BRI). Kupezeka kwa ma SOE m'magawo awa ndikofunikira kuti anthu onse alandire chithandizo choyenera komanso chotsika mtengo.
Boma la Indonesia likusinthanso makampani aboma (SOEs) kuti akonze bwino ntchito yawo komanso kuti apikisane. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zimenezi ndi pulogalamu yokonzanso ndi kuphatikiza makampani a SOE. Njira imeneyi imalola makampani a SOE kuyang'ana kwambiri mabizinesi awo akuluakulu ndikusintha mogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa dziko lonse komanso ukadaulo.
Mapeto
Mabizinesi aboma (SOEs) ali ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zogwirizana. Kumbali imodzi, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zokhudzira chuma cha dziko, pomwe kumbali ina, ayenera kukumana ndi mavuto a mabungwe aboma komanso kulowererapo pandale. Tsogolo la ma SOE limadalira kwambiri kuthekera kwa boma ndi oyang'anira ake kulinganiza ntchito za anthu, zosowa zachuma, komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Kusintha ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti ma SOE akhalebe ofunikira komanso akuthandizira bwino chitukuko cha dziko. Pokumana ndi mavuto apadziko lonse lapansi komanso nthawi ya digito, ma SOE ayenera kusintha mwachangu ndikulimbitsa mpikisano wawo kudzera mu kayendetsedwe ka akatswiri komanso masomphenya omveka bwino. Ndi njira yoyenera, ma SOE akhoza kukhala mzati wofunikira pa chuma chokhazikika komanso chophatikiza.
