Ngā karu tiro whetū – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

Ngā karu tiro whetū – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

1.

I runga i te kauwhata i runga ake nei, tautuhia te whakanui o te karu tiro ina wātea te kanohi mātakitaki.

Mōhiotia:

Ko te karu arotahi e tata ana ki te mea e kiia ana ko te karu arotahi (roa arotahi f _o ) ā, ka hanga he ahua tūturu. Ko te karu arotahi tuarua e kiia ana ko te karu tirohanga (roa arotahi f _e ) ka mahi hei whakanui.

Ko te roa arotahi o te karāhe arotahi (f _o ) = 100 cm

Ko te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f _e ) = 8 cm

E hiahiatia ana: Te whakanui i te karu tirotiro ina okioki te kanohi

Rongoā:

M = -f _o / f _e

M = -100 henimita / 8 henimita

M = -12.5 X

Ko te tohu tango e tohu ana kua hurihia te ahua.

2.

E ai ki te pikitia i runga ake nei, he aha te whakanui o te karu tiro ina wātea te kanohi?

Mōhiotia:

Ko te roa arotahi o te karāhe arotahi (f _o ) = 200 cm

Ko te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f _e ) = 5 cm

E hiahiatia ana: Whakanuia katoatia

Rongoā:

Ina marino te kanohi, ko te whakanui o te karu tirotiro:

M = -f _o / f _e

M = -200 henimita / 5 henimita

M = -40 X

Ko te tohu tango e tohu ana kua hurihia te ahua.

3.

I runga i te pikitia i runga ake nei, mēnā ko te tawhiti i waenga i te karu arotahi me te karu arotahi (d) = 11 ngā wā o te roa arotahi o te karu arotahi, he aha te whakanui katoa ina whakangā te kanohi?

Mōhiotia:

Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i te karu tirohanga me te karu whāinga = te roa o te karu tirohanga = 11 f _e

Ko te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f _e ) = f _e

Ko te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f _o ) = te roa o te karu tirohanga – te roa o te arotahi o te karu tirohanga = 11 f _e – f _e = 10 f _e

E hiahiatia ana: Te whakanui i te karu tiro

Rongoā:

M = -f _o / f _e

M = -10 f _e / f _e

M = -10 X

Ko te tohu tango e tohu ana kua hurihia te ahua.

4. He aha te whakanui katoa o te karu tiro whetū?

Mōhiotia:

Ko te tawhiti i waenganui i te arotahi arotahi me te arotahi karu (l) = 126 cm

Ko te roa o te arotahi o te karu arotahi (f _e ) = 6 cm

Ko te roa arotahi o te karāhe arotahi (f _o ) = 120 cm

E hiahiatia ana: Te whakanui katoa

Rongoā:

E ai ki te pikitia i runga ake nei, ko te ahua whakamutunga kei te mutunga kore, nō reira kua marino te kanohi.

Te whakanui katoa o te karu tiro whetū:

1. He aha te mahi matua a te karu tirohanga whetū? WhakautuKo te mahi matua a te karu tiro whetū he kohikohi i te māramatanga nui atu i tā te kanohi tangata e kohikohi ana, kia mārama ake ai, kia nui ake ai hoki ngā taipitopito o ngā mea o te rangi i tawhiti, i ngā mea ngoikore rānei.
2. He aha te rerekētanga o ngā karu tiro whakaata me ngā karu tiro whakaata? WhakautuKa whakamahia e ngā karu tiro whakaata ngā karāhe hei piko (whakahurihuri) me te arotahi i te mārama, ko ngā karu tiro whakaata ia ka whakamahia ngā whakaata hei whakaata me te arotahi i te mārama. Ko te wāhanga whatu matua o te karu tiro he karāhe, ko te whakaata ia i roto i te karu whakaata.
3. He aha te nuinga o ngā whare tirotiro tirohanga hou e pai ake ai ki ngā karu whakaata? WhakautuHe maha ngā painga o ngā karu whakaata i ngā karu whakaata: ka taea te whakanui ake, kāore e pāngia e te he o te tae (inā kore ngā tae rerekē e tae ki te arotahi kotahi), ā, he iti ake te rahi o te arotahi nā te mea ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whakaata maha.
4. He aha te he o te tae, ā, he aha tōna pānga ki ngā tirohanga karuārai? WhakautuKo te rerekētanga chromatic he momo whatu whatu e arotahihia ai ngā tae mārama rerekē i ngā tawhiti paku rerekē nā te rerekētanga o te taupū whakaata o te karāhe me te roangaru. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā porowhita āniwaniwa huri noa i ngā mea e tirohia ana. Ka karohia tēnei raruraru e ngā karu whakaata nā te mea ka whakaata ōrite ngā tae mārama katoa, me te kore e piko rerekē pērā i ngā karu arotahi.
5. He aha te hiranga o te rahi o te pūaha i roto i ngā karu tiro? WhakautuKo te pūaha, te whānui rānei o te karu matua, te whakaata rānei, e whakatau ana i te nui o te mārama ka taea e te karu tiro te kohi. Mā te pūaha nui ake ka taea te tirotiro i ngā mea ngoikore, ā, ka teitei ake te taumira, ka koi ake te āhua o ngā mea tawhiti.
6. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te kaha whakanui me te kaha whakatau i roto i ngā karu tiro? WhakautuKo te whakanui e pā ana ki te āhuatanga e taea ai e te karu tiro te whakanui ake i te āhua o tētahi mea. Ko te kaha whakatau, i tētahi atu taha, e pā ana ki te kaha o te karu tiro ki te wehewehe i waenga i ngā mea e rua e tata ana te tawhiti. Tērā pea ka whakanuia rawatia e te karu tiro tētahi ahua, engari ki te kore he kaha whakatau pai, tera pea ka pōuriuri tonu te ahua o te ahua.
7. He aha i tū ai ngā whare tirotiro whetū nunui ki ngā tihi o ngā maunga, ki te wāhi rānei? WhakautuKa whakaitihia e ngā teitei te nui o te haere a te mārama i roto i te āhuarangi o te Ao, ka whakaitihia te whakapōturitanga me te mimiti o te āhuarangi. Ka karohia rawatia e ngā karu tirotiro ātea, pērā i te Hubble, te pokanoa o te āhuarangi, ka taea ai te tirotiro mārama ake me te taipitopito ake.
8. He aha te whatu urutau, ā, he aha i whai hua ai mō ngā karu tiro whenua? WhakautuKo te hangarau whatu urutau he hangarau e whakamahia ana hei whakatika i ngā hapa i puta mai i te āhuarangi o te Ao i te wā tonu. Ko te tikanga he whakaata ka taea te whakarerekē i te āhua ka taea te huri tere i te āhua hei ārai i ngā pānga o te āhuarangi, ā, ka puta he whakaahua mārama ake.
9. He aha te rerekētanga o te karu tirohanga reo irirangi i te karu tirohanga whatu? WhakautuKo ngā karu tiro irirangi ka kitea ngā ngaru irirangi, kaua te mārama e kitea ana. He maha ngā wā he pereti parabolic nui hei kohikohi me te arotahi i ngā ngaru irirangi ki te kaiwhiwhi. Ahakoa ka whakaratohia e ngā karu tiro whatu ngā "pikitia" o te wāhi, ka hopukina e ngā karu tiro irirangi ngā raraunga e whakaatuhia ana i ngā huarahi rerekē, e whakamahia ana rānei mō te tātaritanga hihi.

10. He aha i whakamahia ai te interferometry i roto i te whetū arorangi, ā, he aha ngā painga o ngā tirohanga karuārai? Whakautu : Ko te interferometry he whakakotahi i ngā raraunga mai i ngā karuārai maha hei whakatauira i tētahi karuārai me te kōhao nui ake. Ka whakarei ake tēnei tikanga i te kaha whakatau, ka taea ai e ngā kaimātai arorangi te kite i ngā taipitopito pai ake i roto i ngā mea o te rangi i te whakamahi i tētahi karuārai kotahi anake.