Te Tikanga Pātai Tuwhera i roto i te Tohutohu
He tukanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero te tohutohu e aro ana ki te āwhina i ngā tāngata takitahi ki te whakatika i ngā raruraru whaiaro, kare ā-roto, hinengaro rānei mā te taunekeneke ki tētahi tohunga ngaio kua whakangungua, e mōhiotia ana ko te kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro. Ko tētahi o ngā tikanga tino whai hua e whakamahia ana e ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro i roto i tēnei tukanga ko te whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera. Mā tēnei tikanga ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakapuaki i a rātou anō me te hōhonu ake, kia taea ai e te kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro te whiwhi māramatanga whānui ake mō ngā take e pā ana ki a rātou.
Te Mārama ki ngā Pātai Tuwhera
Ko ngā pātai tuwhera he pātai kāore e taea te whakautu ki te kupu kotahi, ki te whakautu poto rānei, pērā i te "āe" me te "kāo". Engari, ka akiakihia e ēnei pātai ngā kiritaki ki te whakawhānui ake, ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou whakaaro me te whakapuaki i ō rātou kare ā-roto. Ko ngā tauira o ngā pātai tuwhera ko:
– “He aha ō whakaaro mō tēnei āhuatanga?”
– “I aha i muri mai?”
– “Ka taea e koe te kōrero mai i ētahi atu kōrero mō tō wheako?”
He aha te hiranga o ngā pātai tuwhera i roto i te kaupapa tohutohu?
1. Whakatenatenahia te Whakaaturanga i a Koe Anō: He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he whakatenatena e ngā kiritaki kia tuwhera, kia kōrero mō ō rātou kare ā-roto, mō ō rātou wheako rānei. Mā ngā pātai tuwhera ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakapuaki i ō rātou whakaaro me ō rātou kare ā-roto me te kore e pōrearea e te hanganga o ngā pātai.
2. Ka Āwhina i te Māramatanga Hōhonu: Mā te whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro te ruku hohonu ki ngā take e pā ana ki ngā kiritaki. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te tautuhi i te pūtake o te raruraru me te mārama ki te horopaki whānui e kore pea e whakakitea e ngā pātai kati anake.
3. Te Hanga Hononga: Ka āwhina hoki tēnei tikanga ki te hanga hononga whakawhirinaki i waenganui i te kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro me te kiritaki. Ina rongo ngā kiritaki kei te whakarongohia rātou, ā, kei te whai mana rātou, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka tuwhera, ka pono hoki rātou i roto i ngā wā whakataki.
4. Te Whakawhanake i te Mōhiotanga ki a te Kiritaki: He maha ngā wā ka akiakihia ngā kiritaki e ngā pātai tuwhera kia whakaaroaro hōhonu atu mō tō rātou āhuatanga me ō rātou ake tirohanga. He taputapu kaha tēnei hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki ki te whakawhanake i ngā māramatanga hou me te whakanui ake i tō rātou mōhiotanga ki a rātou anō.
Me pēhea te whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera i roto i te tohutohu
Ahakoa he maha ngā painga o tēnei tikanga, me whakamahi āta, me te rautaki hoki kia whai hua ai. Anei ētahi huarahi hei whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera i roto i te kaupapa tohutohu :
1. Tīmata ki ngā Pātai Māmā: Whai muri i te whakatūnga o tētahi whanaungatanga tuatahi ki te kiritaki, tīmata ki ngā pātai kāore i te tino uaua, i te tino whakamataku rānei. Hei tauira, "Ka taea e koe te kōrero mai ki ahau me pēhea tō wiki?" He māmā tēnei pātai engari ka huaki te kuaha mō te kiritaki ki te kōrero mō ngā āhuatanga maha o tōna ao.
2. Arotahi ki ngā Kare ā-roto me ngā Wheako: He maha ngā wā ka whai hua ake ngā pātai tuwhera e aro ana ki ngā kare ā-roto me ngā wheako o te kiritaki. Hei tauira, "He aha ō whakaaro mō te huringa tata nei?" "He aha te wāhanga tino maumahara ki a koe o taua wheako?"
3. Kaua e ārahi i ngā whakautu a te kiritaki: Tukua ngā kiritaki ki te whakautu i tā rātou e hiahia ana. Ko ngā pātai pēnei i te, "Ki tō whakaaro he aha te take o tēnei pakanga?" he whānui ake i te, "Ki tō whakaaro i puta mai tēnei pakanga i tētahi māramatanga kore?"
4. Whakamahia ngā Pātai Whai Ake: He taputapu nui ngā pātai whai ake i roto i te mahi tohutohu. Mena he poto, he koretake rānei te whakautu a te kiritaki, ka taea e te kaitohutohu te pātai i tētahi pātai whai ake hei akiaki i te tūhuratanga atu. Hei tauira, "Ka taea e koe te whakamārama atu mō tēnā?" "I aha i muri mai?"
Ngā Wero i te Whakamahi i ngā Pātai Tuwhera
Ahakoa he tino whai hua te tikanga pātai tuwhera, me mōhio ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro ki ētahi wero ka puta ake:
1. Wā Roa: He nui ake te wā e hiahiatia ana hei whakautu me te tukatuka i ngā pātai tuwhera i ngā pātai kati. I roto i ngā wā whakawātea wā , he uaua pea tēnei. Me whakataurite e ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro te whakarato wāhi mō ngā kiritaki ki te kōrero me te whakahaere i te wā kia whai hua.
2. Te Tūponotanga o ngā Whakautu Kore-Arotahi: Tērā pea ka hoatu e ētahi kiritaki he whānui rawa, he kore-arotahi rānei ngā whakautu. I ēnei āhuatanga, he mea nui kia ata hurihia e te kaitohutohu te kōrero ki ngā kaupapa e tika ana, me te kore e meinga te kiritaki kia pōrearea, kia kore rānei e arohia.
3. Kiritaki Āwangawanga, Pōuri rānei: Mō ngā kiritaki e tino āwangawanga ana, e pōuri ana rānei, ka taea e ngā pātai tuwhera rawa te whakararuraru me te whakamataku. I ēnei wā, me whakauru mārire e te kaitohutohu ngā pātai tuwhera, me whakakotahi rānei i aua pātai me ngā pātai kati kia pai rā anō te noho o te kiritaki.
Ngā Akoranga Take me ngā Tauira
Hei whakamārama ake i te whakamahinga o ngā pātai tuwhera, anei tētahi tauira o tētahi rangahau take:
Akoranga Take: Maria, he Wahine 35-Tau te Pakeke e Pāngia ana e ngā Raru i roto i āna Hononga Whaiaro
I tae atu a Maria ki te wāhi whakawā, me te pōuri hoki mō tōna whanaungatanga ki tana hoa rangatira. I tīmata te kaiwhakawā me tētahi pātai ngāwari, tuwhera hoki hei tīmatanga kōrero:
Kaitohutohu: “E Maria, he aha te mea i whakatau ai koe ki te haere mai ki konei i tēnei rā?”
Maria: “Kei te tata te hinga o taku whanaungatanga. He maha ā māua pakanga, ā, kāore au i te mōhio me aha.”
I tēnei wā, ka taea e te kaitohutohu te whakamahi i ētahi atu pātai tuwhera hei keri hohonu ake:
Kaitohutohu: "Ka taea e koe te kōrero mai i ētahi atu kōrero mō te tautohe i puta?"
Maria: “Ka tautohetohe māua mō ngā mea iti, pērā i ngā mahi o te whare. Engari ki taku whakaaro he nui atu i tērā. Ki taku whakaaro kāore māua e mārama tetahi ki tetahi.”
Mā te whakamahi i ngā pātai tuwhera, i taea e te kaiārahi te āwhina i a Maria ki te tūhura hohonu ake i ōna kare ā-roto, me te whiwhi māramatanga whānui ake ki ōna raruraru. Nā tēnei tukanga anō hoki i āwhina a Maria ki te tīmata ki te kite i ngā pūtake kare ā-roto me te hinengaro o te pakanga i roto i tana whanaungatanga.
Whakamutunga
He taputapu nui ngā pātai tuwhera i roto i te mahi tohutohu, he maha ngā painga e tukuna ana, mai i te whakatenatena i te whakapuakitanga o te kiritaki ki a rātou anō tae atu ki te āwhina i ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro kia mārama ake ki ngā take e pā ana ki a rātou. Ahakoa he wero kei roto i te whakamahinga, mā te huarahi tika, ka taea e ngā pātai tuwhera te noho hei rautaki tino whai hua hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki kia nui ake te mōhio ki a rātou anō me te whakawhanake i ngā otinga.
Mā te māramatanga hōhonu ki te whakamahinga me te wā e tika ai ēnei tikanga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro te waihanga i tētahi taiao tautoko, aroha, me te whai hua e āhei ai ngā kiritaki ki te tūhura i ō rātou ake kare ā-roto me ngā māramatanga. Ko te mutunga iho, ka hua ake he tukanga tohutohu angitu ake, whai hua ake hoki.
