I-Impulse - izinkinga nezixazululo

1. Ibhola elingamakhilogremu angu-0.5 liwela lisuka ekuphakameni okungu-h ₁ = amamitha angu-7.2 futhi libonisa ukuphakama okungu-h ₂ = amamitha angu-3.2. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi = 10 m/s ^2. Nquma i-pulse.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = 0.5 kg

Ukuphakama kokuqala (h ₁ ) = amamitha angu-7.2

Ukuphakama kwesibili (h ₂ ) = amamitha angu-3.2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Okufunwayo: Impulse (I)

Isixazululo:

Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana (v _o )

Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana libalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation yokunyakaza kokuwa okukhululekile. Okuyaziwayo: Ukuphakama (h) = amamitha angu-7.2, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ² . Okufunwayo: Ijubane lokugcina ngemva kokushayisana.

v ² = 2 gh

v _o² = 2(10)(7.2) = 144

v _o = 2(10)(7.2) = 12 m/s

Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana (vo ₎ = -12 m/s. Uphawu lokususa lubonisa indlela ibhola eliqondiswa ngayo.

Ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v _t )

Ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushayisana libalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation yokunyakaza okuqondile. Okuyaziwayo : ukuphakama (h) = amamitha angu-3.2, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = -10 m/s ² , ijubane lokugcina ekuphakameni okuphezulu (v _t² ) = 0. Okufunwayo: Ijubane lokuqala ngemva kokushayisana phakathi kwebhola nephansi.

v _t² = v _o² + 2 gh

0 = vo ₂⁺ 2 (-10)(3.2)

v _o² = 64

v _o = √64 = 8 m/s

Ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v _t ) lingu-8 m/s

I-Impulse (I)

I-Impulse (I) = ushintsho ku- momentum (Δp)

I = m (v _t – vo _o ) = (0.5)(8-(-12)) = (0.5)(8 + 12) = (0.5)(20) = 10 imizuzwana yeNewton

2. Ibhola elingamagremu ama-5 liwa ngokukhululeka lisuka endaweni ephakeme bese lishaya phansi. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, g = 10 ms ^-2 . Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana lingu-6 ms ^-1 futhi ngemva kokushayisana, ibhola liboniswa liqonde ku-4 m/s. Thola ukuthi i-pulse ingakanani.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu ama-5 = 0.005 kg

Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana (vo _o ) = -6 m/s

Ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v _t ) = 4 m/s

Izimpawu ze-plus kanye ne-minus zibonisa ukuthi indlela eya ngaphambi kokushayisana iphambene nendlela eya ngemva kokushayisana.

Okufunwayo: Impulse (I)

Isixazululo:

Impulse (I) = ushintsho oluphelele ku-momentum (Δp).

I = Δp = mv _t – mv _o = m (v _t – v _o )

I = (0.005)(4 – (-6)) = (0.005)(4 + 6) = (0.005)(10) = 0.05 Isekhondi likaNewton

3. I-20-gram ephonswe ngesivinini esingu-4 ms ^-1 ngakwesobunxele. Ngemva kokushayisana nodonga, ibhola liboniswa ngesivinini esingu-v ₂ = 2 ms ^-1 ngakwesokudla. Thola i-impulse.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = amagremu angu-20 = 0.020 kg I-Impulse - izinkinga nezixazululo 1

Ijubane lebhola ngaphambi kokushayisana (vo _o ) = -4 m/s (ngakwesobunxele)

Ijubane lebhola ngemva kokushayisana (v _t ) = +2 m/s (ngakwesokudla)

Izimpawu ze-plus kanye ne-minus zibonisa uhlangothi oluphambene.

Okufunwayo: Ukushukuma

Isixazululo:

I-Impulse (I) = ushintsho ku-momentum (Δp) = mv _t – mv _o

I-Impulse (I) = m (v _t – vo _o ) = 0.02 (2 – (-4))

Umfutho (I) = 0.02 (2 + 4) = 0.02 (6)

I-Impulse (I) = 0.12 imizuzwana kaNewton.

4. Ibhola elingama-2 kg elihamba ngesivinini esingu-5 m/s lishaya udonga bese libuyela emuva ngesivinini esingu--5 m/s. Thola umfutho osebenza ebholeni.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = ushintsho ku-momentum = m(v₂ – v₁) = 2(-5 – 5) = -20 kg m/s

5. Into enesisindo esingu-3 kg ithola amandla angu-6 N imizuzwana emi-4. Iyini i-pulse etholwa yinto?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 6 × 4 = 24 Ns

6. Into engu-0.5 kg iphumule bese isheshiswa yi-pulse engu-10 N·s. Iyini ijubane lokugcina?
Isixazululo: Ijubane lokugcina = Umfutho / isisindo = 10 / 0.5 = 20 m/s

7. I-pulse engu-30 N·s isebenza entweni engu-6 kg. Iyini ushintsho lwejubane?
Isixazululo: Δv = Impulse / mass = 30 / 6 = 5 m/s

8. Ibhola elingamagremu ayi-100 elihamba ngesivinini esingu-3 m/s limiswa yi-impulse. Liyini inani le-impulse?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = m(v₂ – v₁) = 0.1(0 – 3) = -0.3 kg·m/s

9. Into engamakhilogremu ama-2 ithola amandla angu-4 N imizuzwana emi-5. Thola i-pulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 4 × 5 = 20 Ns

10. Into enesisindo esingu-3 kg ihamba ngesivinini esingu-3 m/s futhi iyaphumula ngenxa ye-impulse. Thola i-impulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = m(v₂ – v₁) = 3(0 – 3) = -9 kg·m/s

11. Into enesisindo esingu-5 kg ithola amandla angu-2 N imizuzwana emi-3. Iyini i-pulse?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 2 × 3 = 6 Ns

12. I-pulse engu-8 N·s isebenza entweni engu-4 kg. Iyini ushintsho lwejubane?
Isixazululo: Δv = Impulse / mass = 8 / 4 = 2 m/s

13. Ibhola elingamakhilogremu angu-1 elihamba ngesivinini esingu-2 m/s lishaya udonga bese libuyisela emuva isiqondiso salo ngesivinini esifanayo. Thola i-pulse efakwe ebholeni.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = m(v₂ – v₁) = 1(-2 – 2) = -4 kg·m/s

14. Into engamakhilogremu ama-4 ithola amandla angu-3 N imizuzwana emi-3. Thola i-pulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 3 × 3 = 9 Ns

15. I-pulse engu-10 N·s isebenza entweni engu-2 kg. Iyini ushintsho lwejubane?
Isixazululo: Δv = Impulse / mass = 10 / 2 = 5 m/s

16. Into enesisindo esingu-3 kg ithola amandla angu-5 N imizuzwana emi-2. Iyini i-pulse etholwa yinto?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 5 × 2 = 10 Ns

17. Into enesisindo esingu-4 kg ihamba ngesivinini esingu-5 m/s futhi iyaphumula ngenxa ye-impulse. Thola i-impulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = m(v₂ – v₁) = 4(0 – 5) = -20 kg·m/s

18. Into engamakhilogremu ama-2 ithola amandla angu-6 N imizuzwana emi-3. Thola i-pulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 6 × 3 = 18 Ns

19. I-pulse engu-12 N·s isebenza entweni engu-3 kg. Iyini ushintsho lwejubane?
Isixazululo: Δv = Impulse / mass = 12 / 3 = 4 m/s

20. Into enesisindo esingu-5 kg ithola amandla angu-1 N imizuzwana emi-4. Iyini i-pulse?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 1 × 4 = 4 Ns

21. I-pulse engu-15 N·s isebenza entweni engu-5 kg. Iyini ushintsho lwejubane?
Isixazululo: Δv = Impulse / mass = 15 / 5 = 3 m/s

22. Ibhola elingama-3 kg elihamba ngesivinini esingu-4 m/s limiswa yi-impulse. Liyini inani le-impulse?
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = m(v₂ – v₁) = 3(0 – 4) = -12 kg·m/s

23. Into engamakhilogremu ama-2 ithola amandla angu-5 N isekhondi eli-1. Thola i-impulse.
Isixazululo: I-Impulse = FΔt = 5 × 1 = 5 Ns

Kuyini ukushukuma?
- Impendulo: I-Impulse iwumphumela wamandla kanye nesikhathi lapho isebenza khona entweni. Imelela ushintsho kumfutho wento futhi inikezwa yifomula $Isisusa = F \times Δ t$ .
Ukushukuma kuhlobene kanjani nomfutho?
- Impendulo: I-Impulse ilingana noshintsho kumfutho wento. Uma into ihlangabezana ne-implication, umfutho wayo uzoshintsha ngaleyo nombolo efanayo.
Kungani kuphephile ukuhlala phansi othambekele kunokubeka phansi oqinile uma ugxuma usuka endaweni ephakeme?
- Impendulo: Umata othambile wandisa isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze kumiswe i-jumper, uma kuqhathaniswa nephansi eliqinile. Isikhathi eside sokuma sisho amandla amancane ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ku-jumper, okunciphisa ingozi yokulimala. Lesi sikhathi eside siphumela emandleni anciphile kodwa umfutho ofanayo.
Ama-airbag ezimotweni asebenza kanjani ngokwe-impulse?
- Impendulo: Ama-airbag agcwala ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokushayisana, okwandisa isikhathi lapho umfutho womuntu ufinyelela ku-zero. Ngokwandisa isikhathi samandla (ukunciphisa ijubane), amandla ajwayelekile asetshenziswa kumuntu ayancishiswa, okunciphisa ingozi yokulimala.
Kungani abadlali bebhola belandela lapho beshaya ibhola?
- Impendulo: Ukulandela kwandisa isikhathi sokuxhumana phakathi kwebhethi nebhola. Isikhathi eside sokuxhumana sisho ukuthi i-push enkulu ingasetshenziswa ebholeni, okungandisa ushintsho emgudwini webhola, okungase kuholele ekushayweni okunzima.
Kungani izimpahla ezithuthwayo zivame ukupakishwa ngezinto zokuhlobisa?
- Impendulo: Izinto zokubopha, njenge-foam noma i-bubble wrap, zandisa isikhathi esithathwa yinto ukuthi ime lapho izwa amandla (isb., ngesikhathi sokuma okungazelelwe noma ukuwa). Lokhu kunciphisa amandla ajwayelekile entweni ngomfutho othile, okusiza ukuvimbela umonakalo.
Ukushukuma kuwuchaza kanjani umphumela wokugxuma ibhola lomnqakiswano ngamandla engeziwe?
- Impendulo: Ukusebenzisa amandla engeziwe lapho ushaya ibhola lomnqakiswano kwandisa umfutho odluliselwa ebholeni, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu komfutho webhola. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ibhola lizobuya ngesivinini esiphezulu.
Ngokuphathelene nokushukuma, kungani abasubathi belulekwa ukuba “bagingqike” lapho bewa?
- Impendulo: Ukugingqika lapho uwa kwandisa isikhathi lapho kwenzeka khona ushintsho lomfutho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla ajwayelekile asetshenziswa emzimbeni womsubathi ayancipha, okunciphisa amathuba okulimala.
Uma amandla amabili anobukhulu obuhlukene esebenza entweni isikhathi esifanayo, imizwa yawo izoqhathaniswa kanjani?
- Impendulo: I-pulse iwumphumela wamandla nesikhathi. Njengoba ubude besikhathi bufana kuwo womabili la mandla, i-pulse yamandla amakhulu izoba nkulu kuneyamandla amancane.
Kungani abadlali begalofu besebenzisa ukunyakaza "kokujika" lapho beshaya ibhola legalofu, ngokwemigomo yokushukuma?

Impendulo: Ukunyakaza kokujika kwandisa isikhathi sokuxhumana phakathi kweklabhu yegalofu nebhola. Isikhathi eside sokuxhumana sivumela ukuthi kube nomfutho omkhulu ebholeni, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu emgudwini webhola, ngaleyo ndlela, ukuqhubekela phambili.