Ukulondolozwa kwamandla emishini - izinkinga nezixazululo

Ukulondolozwa kwamandla emishini - izinkinga nezixazululo

1. Ibhulokhi le-m-kg likhishwa phezulu kwendiza ebushelelezi ethambekele , njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye namandla e-kinetic ebhulokhi endaweni ethi M…

Isixazululo

Amandla adonsela phansi endaweni M:

PE _M = mg (1/3h) = 1/3 mgh

Amandla e-kinetic endaweni ethi M:

KE _M = EP = mg (2/3 h) = 2/3 mgh

I-EP _M : EK _M

1/3 mg: 2/3 mg

1/3: 2/3

1: 2

2. Umshushuluzi weqhwa oshelela esuka ekuphakameni okungu-A, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Uma ijubane lokuqala = 0 kanye nokusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 ms ^-2 , khona-ke liyini ijubane lomshushuluzi endaweni B.

Kwaziwa:

Ijubane lokuqala (v _o ) = 0

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Ushintsho lokuphakama = amamitha angu-50 – amamitha ayi-10 = amamitha angu-40

Okufunwayo: Isivinini somshushuluzi endaweni B

Isixazululo:

Isimiso sokulondolozwa kwamandla omshini sithi amandla okuqala omshini = amandla okugcina omshini.

Amandla okuqala omshini = amandla angaba khona endaweni B (ukuphakama = amamitha angu-40)

Amandla okugcina omshini = amandla e-kinetic endaweni B

Amandla okugcina omshini = Amandla okuqala omshini

½ mv _t ² = mgh

½ v _t ² = gh

½ v _t ² = (10)(50-10)

½ v _t ² = (10)(40)

½ v _t ² = 400

v _t ² = (2)(400) = 800

v _t = √800 = √(2)(400) = 20√2 m/s

3. Into iqala ukushelela isuka endaweni engu-A ngaphandle kwejubane lokuqala. Uma kungekho mandla okungqubuzana, liyini ijubane lento endaweni ephansi kakhulu.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sento = m

Ijubane lokuqala (v _o ) = 0

Ukuphakama (h) = amamitha angu-20

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Okufunwayo: Ijubane lokugcina (v _t )

Isixazululo:

Amandla okuqala omshini (ME ₁ ) = Amandla adonsela phansi endaweni A (PE _A ) = mgh = (m)(10)(20) = 200 m

Amandla okugcina omshini (ME ₂ ) = amandla e-kinetic (KE) = ½ mv _t ²

Ijubane lento esezingeni eliphansi kakhulu (v _t )?

Sebenzisa isimiso sokulondolozwa kwamandla omshini sithi amandla okuqala omshini = amandla okugcina omshini.

EM1 = _EM2

200 m = ½ mv _t ²

200 = ½ v _t ²

400 = v _t ²

v _t = 20 m/s

4. Ibhola elingamakhilogremu angu-2 liwela endaweni A, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi (g = 10 ms ^-2 ). Ngemva kokufika endaweni B, amandla e-kinetic = amandla aphindwe kabili kunalawo angase abe khona. Kuyini ukuphakama kwephuzu B ngaphezu komhlaba.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = 2 kg

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Ukuphakama kwephuzu A (h _A ) = amamitha angu-90

Okufunwayo: Ukuphakama kwephuzu B (h _B )

Isixazululo:

Uma ufika endaweni B, amandla e-kinetic ebhola endaweni B = amandla adonsela phansi aphindwe kabili endaweni B.

I-EK = 2 EP

½ mv ² = 2 mph _B

½ v ² = 2 gh _B

v ² = 2(2)(10) h _B

v ² = 40 amahora _B

Ijubane (v) lebhola uma lifika endaweni B ngemuva kokuwa kwama-free kusuka endaweni A:

v ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(90–h _B ) = 20(90–h _B )

Faka u-v ² esikhundleni se-equation engenhla no-v ² kulesi sibalo.

v ² = 40 amahora _B

20(90–amahora _B ) = 40 amahora _B

1800–20 amahora _B = 40 amahora _B

1800 = 40 amahora _B + 20 amahora _B

1800 = 60 amahora _B

h _B = 1800 / 60

h _B = amamitha angu-30

5. Ibhola elingu-1 kg liyakhishwa bese lishelela phansi lisuka endaweni A liye endaweni C, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Uma ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi = 10 ms ^-2 , iyini amandla e-kinetic ebhola uma lifika endaweni C.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = 1 kg

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Ushintsho ekuphakameni (h) = 0.75 m

Amandla okuqala angase abe khona (PE _o ) = mgh = (1)(10)(0.75) = 7.5 Joules

Amandla okuqala e-kinetic (KE _o ) = ½ mv _o ² = ½ m (0) ² = 0

Amandla okugcina adonsela phansi (PE _t ) = mgh = mg (0) = 0

Okufunwayo: Amandla e-kinetic ebhola endaweni C

Isixazululo:

Amandla okuqala omshini (ME _o ) = Amandla okugcina omshini (ME _t )

Amandla okuqala adonsela phansi (PE _o ) + amandla okuqala e-kinetic (KE _o ) = Amandla okugcina adonsela phansi (PE _t ) + amandla okugcina e-kinetic (KE _t )

AmaJoules angu-7.5 + 0 = 0 + KE _t

AmaJoules angu-7.5 = KE _t

Amandla e-kinetic ebhola endaweni C = 7.5 Joules.

6. Ibhola elingamakhilogremu angu-2 liyakhishwa endaweni A, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Indiza egobile ibushelelezi. Uma ukusheshisa okubangelwa amandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 ms ^-2 , iyini amandla e-kinetic ebhola endaweni B.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sebhola (m) = 2 kg

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Ushintsho lokuphakama (h) = 120 cm = 1.2 amamitha

Amandla okuqala adonsela phansi (PE _o ) = mgh = (2)(10)(1.2) = 24 Joules

Amandla okuqala e-kinetic (KE _o ) = ½ mv _o ² = ½ m (0) ² = 0

Amandla okugcina adonsela phansi (PE _t ) = mgh = mg (0) = 0

Okufunwayo: Amandla e-kinetic ebhola endaweni B

Isixazululo:

Amandla omshini endaweni A (amandla okuqala omshini) = amandla omshini endaweni B (amandla okugcina omshini)

Amandla okuqala omshini (ME _o ) = amandla okugcina omshini (ME _t )

Amandla okuqala adonsela phansi (PE _o ) + amandla okuqala e-kinetic (KE _o ) = amandla okugcina adonsela phansi (PE _t ) + amandla okugcina e-kinetic (KE _t )

AmaJoules angu-24 + 0 = 0 + KE _t

AmaJoules angu-24 = KE _t

Amandla e-kinetic (KE) ebhola endaweni C = ama-Joules angu-24.

7. Into inamandla aqinile okusebenza, amandla amakhulu e-kinetic, kanye namandla amancane adonsela phansi. Into...

A. Ekuphumuleni

B. qhubekela phezulu

C. hamba phansi

D. Kusheshiswe phezulu

Isixazululo:

Amandla e-kinetic ayakhula okusho ukuthi ijubane lento liyakhula futhi amandla adonsela phansi aphansi okusho ukuthi ukuphakama kwento ebusweni bomhlaba kuncane. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho into isuka ekuphakameni okuthile iye phansi emhlabathini.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesivinini namandla e-kinetic buboniswa yifomula yamandla e-kinetic:

KE = ½ mv ²

Incazelo yefomula: KE = amandla e-kinetic, m = isisindo, v = isivinini

Ubudlelwano phakathi kokuphakama kanye namandla adonsela phansi bumelelwa yifomula yamandla adonsela phansi:

PE = mgh

Incazelo yefomula: PE = amandla adonsela phansi, m = isisindo, g = ukusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi, h = ukuphakama

Impendulo efanele ithi C.

1. Iyini amandla omshini?
   • Impendulo: Amandla omshini ayisamba samandla okunyakaza kwento kanye namandla angase abe khona. Amandla okunyakaza kwento ahlobene nokunyakaza kwayo, kuyilapho amandla angase abe khona ahlobene nendawo noma ukwakheka kwayo.
2. Umgomo wokulondolozwa kwamandla omshini uthini?
   • Impendulo: Isimiso sithi ohlelweni oluhlukanisiwe olunamandla okulondoloza kuphela asebenzayo, amandla aphelele omshini ahlala engaguquki. Lokho kusho ukuthi isamba samandla e-kinetic kanye namandla angase abe khona asishintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Amandla alondolozayo nangewona awokugcina izinto athinta kanjani ukulondolozwa kwamandla emishini?
   • Impendulo: Amandla okulondoloza, njengokudonsa phansi, awashintshi amandla aphelele okusebenza kohlelo. Angase aguqule amandla angaba khona abe amandla e-kinetic noma okuphambene nalokho, kodwa isamba sihlala singaguquki. Amandla angewona awokulondoloza, njengokungqubuzana, angahlakaza amandla okusebenza, ngokuvamile awaguqule abe amandla okushisa.
4. Kungani amandla omshini engagcinwa ezimweni zangempela ezihilela ukungqubuzana?
   • Impendulo: Ukungqubuzana kungamandla angagcini. Njengoba izinto zihamba zibheke komunye nomunye, ukungqubuzana kuguqula amanye amandla omshini wesistimu abe amandla okushisa, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla omshini aphelele wesistimu.
5. Ukulondolozwa kwamandla okusebenza kuboniswa kanjani ku-pendulum ejikelezayo?
   • Impendulo: Uma kungekho ukumelana nomoya (amandla angewona awokugcina), njengoba i-pendulum ijika iye phezulu, amandla ayo okujika aguqulwa abe amandla adonsela phansi. Esigabeni esiphezulu sokujika kwayo, inamandla amakhulu okujika kanye namandla amancane okujika. Njengoba ijika iye phansi, la mandla aguquka abe amandla okujika. Amandla aphelele omshini ahlala engaguquki, yize izinhlobo zamandla ziyashintshana.
6. Kungani ibhola eligxumayo ligcina liphumile ngisho noma kungekho amandla angaphandle?
   • Impendulo: Uma ibhola ligxuma, akuwona wonke amandla alo e-kinetic aguqulwa abe amandla angaba khona. Amanye amandla ayalahleka, ngokuvamile njengomsindo noma njengokuguqulwa kwebhola, futhi ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwezinto zebhola. Lezi yizinhlobo zamandla angewona awokugcina adlalayo, anciphisa amandla ebhola ngokugijima ngakunye kuze kube yilapho liphumula.
7. Ku-roller coaster, iphi amandla omshini aphezulu naphansi kakhulu?
   • Impendulo: Amandla aphelele omshini we-roller coaster ahlala engaguquki uma singanaki ukumelana nomoya nokungqubuzana. Kodwa-ke, endaweni ephezulu kakhulu, amandla angase atholakale asezingeni eliphezulu kanti amandla e-kinetic angaphansi kakhulu. Njengoba ehla, amandla angase atholakale aguqukela kumandla e-kinetic, ngakho-ke endaweni ephansi kakhulu, amandla e-kinetic asezingeni eliphezulu kanti amandla angase atholakale angaphansi kakhulu.
8. Ukulondolozwa kwamandla okusebenza kusiza kanjani ekuqondeni ukujikeleza kwamaplanethi?
   • Impendulo: Amaplanethi azungeza inkanyezi njengeLanga anawo amandla e-kinetic (ngenxa yokunyakaza kwawo) kanye namandla e-gravitational potential (ngenxa yesikhundla sawo uma kuqhathaniswa neLanga). Njengoba iplanethi isondela eduze neLanga, ishesha, ikhulisa amandla ayo e-kinetic kuyilapho amandla ayo e-gravitational potential ehla, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Amandla aphelele e-mechanical eplanethi ahlala engaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi amanye amandla (njengakwamanye amaplanethi) awabalulekile.
9. Kungani isathelayithi esisemzileni ozinzile singaweli eMhlabeni?
   • Impendulo: Nakuba isathelayithi ngempela idonselwa eMhlabeni ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi, amandla ayo e-kinetic angaphambili ayigcina inyakaza emjikelezweni wayo. Ibhalansi yala mandla e-kinetic kanye namandla adonsela phansi agcina isathelayithi emjikelezweni ozinzile onamandla aqhubekayo omshini.
10. Uma umuntu oskiya eqala ekuphumuleni phezulu kwegquma elingenazingxabano bese eskiya phansi, ijubane lakhe phansi lizolingana kanjani nokuthi ubengaqala kanjani kancane ehle egqumeni?

• Impendulo: Egqumeni elingenazingxabano, amandla omshini wonke omuntu oskiyayo ayongiwa. Uma eqala kusukela phezulu, uzoba namandla amaningi okuqala kunalapho eqala phansi kancane. La mandla angase aguquke ngokuphelele abe amandla e-kinetic njengoba ehla. Ngakho-ke, uzoba ngokushesha phansi uma eqala phezulu kunalapho eqala phansi kancane.