I-anthropology ebucayi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamandla

I-Anthropology Ebucayi kanye Nokuhlaziywa Kwamandla

I-anthropology njengesifundo sesikhathi eside idlale indima ekuqondeni ubunzima besiko labantu. Kusukela ekufundeni imiphakathi ekude nebonakala ingavamile kuya ekuhloleni ukuguquguquka kwezenhlalo ezindaweni ezijwayelekile, i-anthropology inikeza imibono eyahlukahlukene ngobuntu. Elinye igatsha elithole ukunakwa okwandayo emashumini eminyaka amuva nje i-anthropology ebalulekile. Le ndlela, egcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlaziywa kwamandla ekuqondeni ukuguquguquka kwezenhlalo namasiko, ihlose ukwembula izingqimba ezifihliwe zamandla ezibumba ulwazi lomuntu lwansuku zonke.

Umlando kanye nethiyori ye-Anthropology Ebucayi

I-anthropology ebucayi yavela njengempendulo ekuthambekeleni kwe-positivist kanye ne-functionalist ku-anthropology yakudala, eyayifuna ukuveza imiphakathi njengezinhlelo ezivumelanayo ezinezindima ezichazwe ngokucacile nezihlelekile. Ithonywe yi-Frankfurt's critical theory, post-structuralism, kanye ne-Marxism, i-anthropology ebucayi igxila emandleni esakhiwo akha impilo yomphakathi. I-anthropology ebucayi iqokomisa izindlela amandla asebenza ngazo emphakathini ezibonakala zemvelo noma ezingabonakali ekuhlaziyeni kwendabuko.

Amandla: Incazelo

Amandla avame ukubhekwa njengamandla aqondile noma ukubusa okusetshenziswa yiqembu elilodwa phezu kwelinye. Kodwa-ke, isazi sefilosofi uMichel Foucault sinikeza umbono oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. KuFoucault, amandla awagcini nje ezandleni zalabo abalawulayo, kodwa asatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi omphakathi. Amandla akhona ebudlelwaneni bomphakathi, enkulumweni, nasezikhungweni ezilawula impilo yansuku zonke.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwamandla Ku-Anthropology

Indlela ebucayi ye-anthropology yokuhlaziya amandla ihilela izici ezahlukahlukene, kusukela emandleni emibono kanye nezomnotho kuya emandleni ezimweni zansuku zonke. Nazi ezinye izindlela i-anthropology ebucayi ehlaziya ngazo amandla ezimweni ezahlukene.

Amandla Emibono

Amandla emibono abhekisela ekhonweni lokuthonya indlela abantu abacabanga futhi baqonde ngayo umhlaba obazungezile. Lo mbono uvame ukubonakala enkulumweni noma endabeni ebusa umphakathi othile. Isibonelo, umbono wobuzwe ungakha ubuwena bomuntu ngamunye kanye nobomphakathi futhi uthonye amandla phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga nawezepolitiki.

Amandla Ezomnotho

Emongweni womhlaba wonke wezomnotho , i-anthropology ebucayi ihlola ukuthi imali yomhlaba wonke kanye nemikhuba ye-neoliberal kudala kanjani ukungalingani kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, ucwaningo ngomthelela wokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe emazweni asathuthuka lwembula ukuthi izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zingasebenzisa kanjani abasebenzi bendawo kanye nezinsiza zemvelo ngokusekelwa yizinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezinhle.

Amandla kanye nezikhungo

Ukuhlaziywa kwamandla kuvame ukugxila endimeni yezikhungo ekugcineni isimo sikhona. Izikhungo zemfundo, ezempilo, kanye nezomthetho akuzona izinhlangano ezingathathi hlangothi; zivame ukukhiqiza kabusha ubudlelwano bamandla obukhona. Isibonelo esivelele yindlela uhlelo lwezemfundo olungakhiqiza ngayo ukungalingani komphakathi ngokuqinisa izindinganiso zamasiko ezibusayo nokukhipha labo abavela ezizindeni ezincishisiwe.

Izindlela Nezindlela Zokufunda I-Anthropology Ebucayi

Indlela ye-anthropology ebucayi icebile futhi iyahlukahluka, isebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zocwaningo ukuze ithole amandla akhona. Izazi ze-anthropology ezibucayi zivame ukusebenzisa i-ethnography, izingxoxo ezijulile, ukubuka kwabahlanganyeli , kanye nokuhlaziywa kwengxoxo ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi amandla asebenza kanjani ezimweni ezithile.

I-Ethnography

I-Ethnography, njengendlela eyinhloko ku-anthropology, inikeza ukuqonda okujulile ngezimpilo zabantu zansuku zonke. Ngokusebenzisa i-ethnography, izazi ze-anthropology ezibucayi zingabona ngqo ukuthi amandla asebenza kanjani ekuxhumaneni kwezenhlalo kwansuku zonke, kungaba endaweni yokusebenza, emndenini, noma emphakathini. I-Ethnography iphinde ivumele abacwaningi ukuthi baqonde izindlela ezicashile lapho ukubusa nokumelana kwenzeka khona.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwenkulumo

Ukuhlaziywa kwenkulumo kungenye indlela ebalulekile ku-anthropology ebucayi ehlose ukuthola ukuthi ulimi nokuxhumana kudlala kanjani indima ekwakhiweni kwamandla. Ngokuhlaziya imibhalo , izingxoxo, nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana, izazi ze-anthropologist zingabona imibono eyisisekelo semikhuba yomphakathi futhi zihlukanise izindaba ezivelele ezivame ukubhekwa njengamaqiniso ajwayelekile.

Izifundo Zomlando

Indlela yomlando nayo ibalulekile ku-anthropology ebucayi. Ngokuhlola umlando omude wobudlelwano bamandla emphakathini, izazi ze-anthropology zingathola imvelaphi kanye nentuthuko yokungalingani kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, isifundo sobukoloni kanye nomthelela waso emphakathini wanamuhla sisekela ukuqonda ukuthi umlando wamandla uqhubeka kanjani nokubumba izindlela zenhlalo zanamuhla.

Izifundo Zezimo Eziphathelene Ne-Anthropology Ebalulekile Namandla

Izifundo ezahlukahlukene ze-anthropology ezibucayi zibonisa ukuthi amandla angabonakala futhi ahlaziywe kanjani ezimweni ezahlukene. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

Ukusekela Amadolobhana Ekuthuthukisweni Kwengqalasizinda

Emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kuvame ukukhuthazwa njengendlela yokuphuma ebuphofwini. Kodwa-ke, i-anthropology ebucayi ikhombisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi anjalo avame ukuzuzisa abatshalizimali kanye nabantu abaphezulu bendawo ngaphezu kwemiphakathi abayithintayo. Isibonelo, ukwakhiwa kwamadamu amakhulu kungasusa izinkulungwane zabantu ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo esanele, okwandisa ukungalingani kwezenhlalo nokuqinisa ukubusa kwamandla ezomnotho nawezepolitiki.

Amandla kanye Nokuguquguquka Kobulili

I-anthropology ebucayi iphinde igcizelele indlela ubudlelwano bamandla obunjwa ngayo ngokusebenzisa ubulili. Emasikweni amaningi, izindinganiso zobulili ezisekelwe kubulili zingadala futhi ziqinise ukubusa kwabesilisa phezu kwabesifazane. Izifundo ze-anthropology zemiphakathi yabesilisa, isibonelo, zembula ukuthi amandla obulili abonakala kanjani ezicini ezahlukene zokuphila, kusukela emisebenzini yasekhaya kuya ekuhlanganyeleni kwezepolitiki.

Ukufuduka kanye namandla

I-anthropology ebucayi ivame ukugqamisa usizi lwabafuduki ngokwesimo somhlaba wonke. Abafuduki bavame ukubhekana nokuxhashazwa kwabasebenzi, ukubandlululwa, kanye nobudlova obubonisa ubudlelwano bamandla omhlaba wonke. Izifundo zabafuduki abangajwayelekile, isibonelo, zibonisa ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka asebenzisa kanjani abasebenzi abashibhile ngenkathi ebancisha amalungelo ayisisekelo abantu.

Isiphetho

I-anthropology ebucayi idlala indima ebalulekile ekwembuleni nasekuhlaziyeni ubudlelwano bamandla obubumba umhlaba wabantu. Ngokuhlanganisa ithiyori ebucayi, izindlela ze-ethnography , kanye nokuhlaziywa kwenkulumo, i-anthropology ebucayi inikeza amathuluzi anamandla okuqonda ukuthi amandla asebenza kanjani ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zenhlalo, zamasiko, kanye nezepolitiki. Ezweni lanamuhla eliyinkimbinkimbi futhi eliya likhula, le ndlela ebucayi ayifaneleki nje kuphela kodwa futhi ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ubulungiswa bezenhlalo kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwesintu.

Ngezifundo ezahlukahlukene zamacala kanye nezindlela zokwenza izinto, i-anthropology ebucayi ikhombisa ukuthi amandla awami ndawonye noma awaguquki, kodwa anamandla futhi akhona kuzo zonke izici zokuphila komuntu. Ngakho-ke, i-anthropology ebucayi ayinikeli nje kuphela olwazini lwesayensi kodwa futhi nasemizamweni yokudala umhlaba onobulungiswa nobulinganayo.