Malo Okhala ndi Zamoyo
Malo okhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chilengedwe, kutanthauza zamoyo zonse zomwe zimalumikizana wina ndi mnzake komanso zinthu zomwe sizili zachilengedwe m'malo enaake okhala. Zamoyozi zikuphatikizapo zomera, nyama, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri pakusunga chilengedwe bwino. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza mozama za zigawo za malo okhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe , momwe zinthu zamoyo zimagwirira ntchito, komanso kufunika kosunga chilengedwe bwino kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba.
Zigawo Zachilengedwe Zachilengedwe
Malo okhala ndi zamoyo akhoza kugawidwa m'zigawo zingapo: opanga, ogula, ndi owononga. Chilichonse mwa zigawozi chili ndi gawo lapadera komanso lofunikira pakusunga chilengedwe chogwira ntchito.
1. Wopanga
Opanga ndi zamoyo zomwe zimapanga zokha, makamaka zomera zobiriwira ndi mitundu ina ya algae, zomwe zimatha kupanga chakudya chawo kudzera mu photosynthesis. Amasintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya mankhwala monga shuga, yomwe imakhala gwero lalikulu la mphamvu kwa ogula. Opanga ndiye maziko a ukonde wa chakudya chifukwa amapereka mphamvu ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kwa zamoyo zina.
2. Ogula
Ogula ndi zamoyo zomwe sizingathe kupanga chakudya chawo ndipo zimadalira zamoyo zina kuti zipeze mphamvu. Zitha kugawidwanso m'magulu monga zodya zomera (zodya zomera), zodya nyama (zodya nyama), ndi zodya chilichonse (zodya chilichonse). Mu unyolo wa chakudya, ogula amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: oyamba, achiwiri, ndi achitatu, kutengera malo awo.
3. Chochotsera zinthu
Zowola ndi zamoyo zomwe zimaswa zinthu zakufa kukhala zinthu zosavuta ndikubwezeretsa michere m'nthaka. Zitsanzo za zowola ndi mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Popanda zowola, michere siingabwererenso m'nthaka, ndipo kayendedwe ka michere m'chilengedwe kangasokonezedwe.
Kugwirizana Pakati pa Zinthu Zamoyo
Mkati mwa chilengedwe cha zamoyo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuyanjana imachitika pakati pa zamoyo zomwe ndizofunikira kuti chilengedwe chikhazikike . Nazi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya kuyanjana:
1. Kulusa
Kudya nyama ndi kuyanjana komwe chamoyo chimodzi chimasaka ndikudya china. Kuyanjana kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri polamulira mitundu ya nyama. Mwachitsanzo, mikango yomwe imadya mbidzi imathandiza kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mbidzi m'malo odyetserako ziweto.
2. Mpikisano
Mpikisano umachitika pamene zamoyo ziwiri kapena zingapo zikupikisana kuti zisapeze zinthu zochepa monga chakudya, madzi, kapena pogona. Mpikisano ungachitike pakati pa mtundu womwewo (wamkati mwa mtundu) kapena pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (wamkati mwa mtundu).
3. Kugwirizana
Kugwirizana ndi njira yolumikizirana yomwe zamoyo ziwiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimapindulana. Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ndi ubale pakati pa maluwa ndi njuchi, pomwe maluwa amapindula ndi mungu, pomwe njuchi zimalandira timadzi tokoma ngati chakudya.
4. Parasitism
Parasitism ndi kuyanjana komwe chamoyo chimodzi (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) chimakhala pa kapena mkati mwa chamoyo china (chomwe chili ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) ndipo chimapeza chakudya kuchokera pamenepo, nthawi zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholengedwacho chiwonongeke. Mwachitsanzo, mphutsi za m'matumbo a munthu zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo kwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
5. Kugwirizana
Kugwirizana kwa chilengedwe ndi mgwirizano womwe chamoyo chimodzi chimapindula pomwe china sichikuvulazidwa kapena kupindula. Chitsanzo cha mgwirizano ndi maluwa a orchid omwe ali pamtengo. Maluwa amapindula ndi chithandizo chakuthupi, pomwe mtengowo sukhudzidwa.
Kufunika Kokhala ndi Chilengedwe Choyenera
Kugwirizana pakati pa zinthu zamoyo ndi zinthu zamoyo zomwe sizili zamoyo ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba. Kusalingana kwa chilengedwe cha zinthu zamoyo, monga kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ina ya zamoyo kapena kuukira kwa mitundu yachilendo, kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito ya chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti:
Kuteteza malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi gawo loyamba lofunika kwambiri poteteza zamoyo zosiyanasiyana ndi zachilengedwe. Kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala chifukwa cha kudula mitengo, kukula kwa mizinda, ndi ulimi wochuluka kukuopseza mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo zomwe zimadalira malo amenewa.
2. Kulamulira Mitundu Yosauka
Zamoyo zolowa ndi zamoyo zomwe anthu amazibweretsa m'malo atsopano kumene zilibe nyama zolusa zachilengedwe. Zitha kupikisana ndi zamoyo zachilengedwe kuti zipeze zinthu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe zakomweko.
3. Kuchepetsa Kuipitsidwa kwa Madzi
Kuipitsa kwa madzi, mpweya, ndi nthaka kumakhudza kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe monga kuwongolera zinyalala zamafakitale ndi mapulasitiki, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo mwanzeru, kungachepetse zotsatirapo zoyipa pa moyo wa zinthu zachilengedwe.
4. Ndondomeko Yokhazikika ya Zachilengedwe
Maboma ndi mabungwe ayenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti apange mfundo ndi machitidwe osamalira chilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo kasamalidwe kokhazikika ka zinthu zachilengedwe , kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe, komanso kuthandizira njira zaulimi zosamalira chilengedwe.
Mapeto
Malo okhala ndi zamoyo amatenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusunga bwino zachilengedwe zomwe timakhala. Kukhazikika ndi thanzi la zachilengedwe zimadalira kuyanjana kovuta pakati pa zigawozi za zamoyo. Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa kufunika kosunga bwino ndikuthandizira kusunga zachilengedwe ndi mfundo zokhazikika zachilengedwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mibadwo yamtsogolo ipitirize kusangalala ndi zabwino za chilengedwe chathanzi . Ndi khama limodzi, tikhoza kuteteza ndikusunga zamoyo zosiyanasiyana za dziko lathu kuti zikhale ndi tsogolo labwino.
