Zitsanzo 5 za Mafunso Okhudza Kusamutsa Kutentha
1. Ndodo ziwiri P ndi Q za kukula kofanana koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo zalumikizidwa monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi chili pansipa. Ngati coefficient ya kutentha kwa P ndi kawiri coefficient ya kutentha kwa Q, ndiye kuti kutentha Pa malire a dziko, P ndi Q ndi…
A. 600 oC
B. 200 oC
C. 100 oC
D. 90 oC
60 oC
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Ndodo ziwiri P ndi Q zili ndi kukula kofanana
Choyezera cha kutentha P ndi kawiri choyezera kutentha Q
Kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo P ndi 90o, kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo Q ndi 0o ndipo kutentha pakati pa ndodo P ndi Q ndi T.
Anafunsa kuti: Kutentha pa malire a dziko P ndi Q
Yankho:
Fomula yowerengera kusamutsa kutentha mwa kuwongolera :
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Kufotokozera: Q/t = kutentha kosinthira, k = kutentha kopitilira muyeso, A = malo opingasa, T1 = kutentha kwambiri, T2 = kutentha kochepa, l = kutalika kwa chinthu.

Ndodo ziwiri P ndi Q zili ndi kukula kofanana kotero malo a pamwamba (A) ndi kutalika (l) zimasowa mu equation. Equation yomwe ili pamwambapa imasintha kukhala:
Choyezera cha kutentha choyendetsera P chili kawiri kuposa choyezera cha kutentha choyendetsera Q. Equation yomwe ili pamwambapa imasintha kukhala:
Kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo P ndi 90o, kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo Q ndi 0o ndipo kutentha pakati pa mipiringidzo P ndi Q ndi T. Equation yomwe ili pamwambapa imasintha kukhala:
Kutentha pa malire a P ndi Q ndi 60 oC.
Yankho lolondola ndi E.
2. Mipiringidzo A ndi B zili ndi malo ndi kutalika kofanana. Ngati coefficient ya conduction ya bar A = 1/4 kuchulukitsa coefficient ya conduction ya bar B, ndiye kuti zonse ziwiri zimatenthedwa kumapeto amodzi ndipo zimawoneka kuti zonse ziwiri zimakumana ndi kusintha kofanana kwa kutentha. Ndiye chiŵerengero cha kutentha kwa bar A ndi bar B ndi…..
A. 1: 4
B. 1: 2
C. 1: 1
D. 2: 1
E. 4: 1
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Gawo la ndodo A (A) = gawo la ndodo B (A)
Kutalika kwa ndodo A (l) = kutalika kwa ndodo B (l)
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoyendetsera ndodo A (k) = 1/4 kuchulukitsa mphamvu yoyendetsera ndodo B (1/4 k)
Kusintha kwa kutentha kwa bar A (ΔT) = kusintha kwa kutentha kwa bar B (ΔT)
Anafunsa kuti: Kuyerekeza liwiro losamutsa kutentha kwa ndodo A ndi ndodo B
Yankho:
Fomula ya kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumasamutsidwa ndi conduction:
![]()
Kufotokozera: Q/t = kutentha kosinthira, k = kutentha kopitilira muyeso, A = malo opingasa, T2 = kutentha kwambiri, T1 = kutentha kochepa, l = kutalika kwa chinthu.

Malo opingasa ndi ofanana, kutalika kwa ndodo ndi komweko, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi komweko.
Yankho lolondola ndi E.
3. Ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo A ndi B zofanana kukula kulikonse zimakhala ndi coefficient ya conduction ya 2k ndi k motsatana.
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Zonse ziwiri zimalumikizidwa pamodzi ndipo malekezero omasuka amatenthedwa ndi kutentha monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi.
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Kutentha (T) pa cholumikizira chachitsulo A ndi B ndi...
A. 80 oC
B. 100 oC
C. 120 oC
D. 150 oC
160 oC
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo A ndi B ndi za kukula kofanana
Chiŵerengero cha conduction cha chitsulo A = 2k
Chokwanira cha chitsulo choyendetsa B = k
Kutentha kwa nsonga yachitsulo A = 210oC
Kutentha kwa nsonga yachitsulo B = 30oC
Anafunsa kuti: Kutentha (T) pa malo olumikizira zitsulo A ndi B
Yankho:
Fomula yowerengera kusamutsa kutentha mwa kuwongolera :

Kufotokozera: Q/t = kutentha kosinthira, k = kutentha kopitilira muyeso, A = malo ozungulira, T1-T2 = kusintha kwa kutentha, l = kutalika kwa ndodo

Ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo A ndi B ndi zofanana kukula kotero malo a pamwamba (A) ndi kutalika (l) kwa ndodozo zimachotsedwa mu equation.

Yankho lolondola ndi D.
4. Ndodo ziwiri zoyendetsera magetsi zomwe zili ndi kutalika kofanana komanso malo opingasa zimalumikizidwa pamodzi monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi chili pansipa. Choyezera kutentha kwa ndodo yachiwiri yoyendetsera magetsi = kuwirikiza kawiri choyezera kutentha kwa ndodo yoyamba. Ngati ndodo yoyamba yatenthedwa kotero kuti T1 = 100 oC ndi T2 = 25 oC, ndiye kutentha komwe kuli pamalo olumikizirana (T) ndi...
A. 30 oC
B. 35 oC
C. 40 oC
D. 45 oC
50 oC
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
Ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo A ndi B ndi za kukula kofanana
Kuchuluka kwa ndodo I = k
Kuchuluka kwa ndodo yoyendetsera II = 2k
Kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo I = 100oC
Kutentha kwa nsonga ya ndodo II = 25oC
Anafunsa kuti: Kutentha pa malo olumikizirana a ndodo I ndi II
Yankho:
Fomula ya kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumasamutsidwa ndi conduction:
![]()
Kufotokozera: Q/t = kutentha kosinthira, k = kutentha kopitilira muyeso, A = malo ozungulira, T1-T2 = kusintha kwa kutentha, l = kutalika kwa ndodo
Kutentha pa malire a dziko P ndi Q:

Ndodo ziwiri zachitsulo A ndi B ndi zofanana kukula kotero malo a pamwamba (A) ndi kutalika (l) kwa ndodozo zimachotsedwa mu equation.
Yankho lolondola ndi C.
5. Ndodo zitatu zachitsulo zosiyana A, B ndi C koma zokhala ndi kutalika kofanana komanso malo ofanana, zalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa chikusonyezera.

Kutulutsa mphamvu kwakukulu 4 kA = 2 kB = kC ndi T1 = 100oC ndi T4 = 20oC kenako kutentha T2 ndi T3 ndi…
A. T2 = 54,26 oC, T3 = 31,4 oC
B. T2 = 31,4 oC, T3 = 54,26 oC
C. T2 = 32,4 oC, T3 = 54,26 oC
D. T2 = 56,26 oC, T3 = 31,4 oC
E.T2 = 54,26 oC, T3 = 30,4 oC
Zokambirana
Amadziwika kuti:
T1 = 100oC
T4 = 20oC
4 kA = 2 kB = kC
Ngati kC = 4 kB = 2 kA = 1
Anafunsa kuti: T2 ndi T3
Yankho:
Fomula yosamutsa kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito conduction:
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Zambiri:
Q/t = kutentha kosinthira, k = kutentha kopitilira, A = malo opingasa, T1 = kutentha koyambirira, T2 = kutentha komaliza, l = kutalika kwa ndodo.

Kutalika (l) ndi dera lopingasa (A) ndi kofanana kotero zimachotsedwa mu equation.
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Gwiritsani ntchito equation iyi kuti muwerengere kutentha.
Taganizirani ndodo zachitsulo A ndi B.

Taganizirani ndodo zachitsulo B ndi C.

Chotsani equation 1 ndi equation 2:


Chiwerengero T2 pogwiritsa ntchito equation 1:

Yankho lolondola ndi A.
Gwero la funso:
Mafunso a National Examination Physics a Senior High School/Vocational High School