Chitsanzo cha mafunso okhudza Fluid Dynamics

Zitsanzo 24 za Mafunso Okhudza Mphamvu ya Madzi

Chiphunzitso cha Torriceli

1. Chidebe chachikulu chodzaza ndi madzi ndi pompo monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi. Ngati g = 10 ms ^-2 , ndiye kuti liwiro la madzi opopera kuchokera ku pompo ndi...

A. 3 ms^-1  

B. 8 ms ^-1

C. 9 ms ^-1

D. 30 ms ^-1

E. 900 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti :

Kutalika (h) = 85 cm – 40 cm = 45 cm = 0,45 metres

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso : Liwiro la madzi opopera kuchokera pampopi (v)

Yankho :

Chiphunzitso cha Torricelli chimanena kuti liwiro la madzi opopera kudzera m'bowo patali ndi h kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi ndi lofanana ndi liwiro la madzi omwe amagwa momasuka kuchokera kutalika kwa h.

Liwiro la kupopera madzi limawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera madzi yomasuka v _t ² = 2 gh

v _t ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(0,45) = 9

v _t = √9 = 3 m/s

Yankho lolondola ndi A.

2. Thanki yamadzi ili ndi dzenje pakhoma (onani chithunzi). Liwiro la madzi akamatuluka m'dzenje ndi… (g = 10 ms ^-2 )

A. 12 ms^-1

B. 10 ms ^-1

C. 6 ms ^-1

D. 5 ms ^-1

E. 2 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti :

Kutalika (h) = 1,5 m – 0,25 m = 1,25 mamita

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso : Liwiro la madzi akamatuluka m'dzenje (v)

Yankho :

v _t ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(1,25) = 25

v _t = √25 = 5 m/s

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

3. Posungira madzi muli madzi otalika mita imodzi (g = 10 ms ^-2 ) ndipo pali dzenje lotayikira madzi pakhoma (onani chithunzi). Liwiro la madzi otuluka m'dzenje ndi...

A. 1 ms^-1

B. 2 ms ^-1

C. 4 ms ^-1

D. 8 ms ^-1

E. 10 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti :

Kutalika (h) = 1 m – 0,20 m = 0,8 mamita

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso : Liwiro la madzi akamatuluka m'dzenje (v)

Yankho :

v _t ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(0,8) = 16

v _t = √16 = 4 m/s

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

4. Silinda imadzazidwa ndi madzi abwino kwambiri. Dzenje laling'ono (lochepa kwambiri kuposa voliyumu ya silinda) lili pakhoma lake, 20 cm kuchokera pamwamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti madziwo atuluke (monga momwe chithunzichi chikusonyezera). Kodi liwiro la madzi ochokera m'dzenje laling'ono ndi lotani?

A. 1,0 ms^-1

B. 2,0 ms ^–1

C. 3,0 ms ^–1

D. 5,0 ms ^–1

E. 5,5 ms ^–1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Mtunda wa dzenje kuchokera pamwamba (h) = 20 cm = 0,2 mamita

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso: Kodi madzi otuluka m'dzenje laling'ono amathamanga bwanji?

Yankho:

Chiphunzitso cha Torriceli chimanena kuti liwiro la madzi kutuluka m'dzenje ndi lofanana ndi liwiro la madzi kugwa momasuka kuchokera kutalika h. Mwa masamu:

Yankho lolondola ndi B.

5. Thanki yamadzi ili ndi malo akuluakulu odutsa madzi, okhala ndi dzenje laling'ono pa A. Liwiro la madzi otuluka mu dzenje A ndi...

A. molingana mwachindunji ndi h

B. imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi h ₁

C. imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi √h

D. ikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi h ₂

E. imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi (h ₁ - h ₂ )

Zokambirana

Chiyerekezo cha Bernoulli:

P ₁ + 1/2 ρ v ₁ ² + ρ gh ₁ = P ₂ + 1/2 ρ v ₂ ² + ρ gh ₂

Kufotokozera: P ₁ = kupanikizika 1, v ₁ = liwiro 1, h ₁ = kutalika 1, ρ = kuchulukana, g = kuthamanga kwa mphamvu yokoka, P ₂ = kupanikizika 2, v ₂ = liwiro 2, h ₂ = kutalika 2

Equation iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupeza equation yowerengera liwiro la dzenje lotuluka madzi A. Ngati pamwamba pa thanki pali lotseguka, ndiye kuti P ₁ = kuthamanga kwa mpweya pamwamba pa madzi. Ngati pali dzenje laling'ono pamalo A, ndiye kuti P ₂ = kuthamanga kwa mpweya kunja kwa dzenje laling'ono. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kulikonse pafupi ndi thanki kuyenera kukhala kofanana, kotero P ₁ = P ₂ . Chifukwa chake, P ₁ ndi P ₂ zitha kuchotsedwa mu equation ya Bernoulli.

1/2 ρ v ₁ ² + ρ gh ₁ = 1/2 ρ v ₂ ² + ρ gh ₂

Dzenje mu A ndi laling'ono kotero madzi omwe amatuluka kudzera m'dzenje ali ndi liwiro lalikulu, pomwe pamwamba pa chidebecho ndi lalikulu kotero liwiro la kutsika kwa madzi ndi laling'ono. Chifukwa chake mtengo wa v ₂ umayandikira zero kotero kuti 1/2 ρ v ₂ ² ichotsedwe mu equation.

Kufotokozera: v ₁ = liwiro la madzi otuluka mu dzenje A, g = kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka = 9,8 m/s ² , h = mtunda pakati pa dzenje A ndi pamwamba pa madzi.

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

6. Chubu chili ndi madzi abwino kwambiri. Pakhoma pali mabowo awiri ang'onoang'ono (ochepa kwambiri kuposa gawo lopingasa la chubu) kotero kuti madziwo amatuluka (monga momwe mukuonera pachithunzichi). Chiŵerengero pakati pa x ₁ ndi x ₂ ndi…..

A. 2: 3

B. 3: 5

C. 2: 5

D. 4: 5

E. 3: 4

Zokambirana

Choyamba, werengani liwiro la madzi otuluka mu chubu. Chiphunzitso cha Torriceli chimanena kuti liwiro la madzi otuluka mu chubu ndi lofanana ndi liwiro la madzi akagwa momasuka kuchokera kutalika komwe h ₁ = 20 cm = 0,2 metres ndi h ₂ = 50 cm = 0,5 metres.

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

Chiyerekezo Chopitilira

7. Madzi amayenda kuchokera pa chitoliro A kupita pa chitoliro B ndipo amapitirira pa chitoliro C. Chiŵerengero cha dera lozungulira la A kupita ku dera lozungulira la C ndi 8:3. Ngati liwiro la kuyenda mu chitoliro A ndi lofanana ndi v, ndiye kuti liwiro la kuyenda mu chitoliro C ndi...

A. 3/8 v

B. V

C. 8/3 v

D. 3 v

E. 8 v

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Malo ozungulira A (A _A ) = 8

Malo ozungulira C (A _C ) = 3

Kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chitoliro A (v _A ) = v

Funso: Kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chitoliro C (v _C )

Yankho:

Fomula ya equation yopitilira:

A _A v _A = A _C v _C

8 v = 3 v _C

v _C = 8/3 v

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

8. Chitoliro chokhala ndi mainchesi 12 cm chimachepa kumapeto amodzi kufika pa mainchesi 8. Ngati liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi m'chigawo chachikulu cha chitolirocho ndi 10 cm/s, ndiye kuti liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi kumapeto ang'onoang'ono ndi…..

A. 22,5 cm/s

B. 4,4 cm/s

C. 2,25 cm/s

D. 0,44 cm/s

E. 0,225 cm/s

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Chidutswa 1 (d ₁ ) = 12 cm, utali wozungulira 1 (r ₁ ) = 6 cm

Chidutswa 2 (d ₂ ) = 8 cm, utali wozungulira 2 (r ₂ ) = 4 cm

Kuchuluka kwa madzi 1 (v ₁ ) = 10 cm/s

Kufunidwa: kuchuluka kwa madzi 2 (v ₂ )

Yankho:

Malo opingasa 1 (A ₁ ) = π r ² = π 6 ² = 36π cm ²

Malo opingasa 2 (A ₂ ) = π r ² = π 4 ² = 16π cm ²

Chiyerekezo cha kupitirira kwa madzi:

A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂

(36π)(10) = (16π) v ₂

(36)(10) = (16) v ₂

360 = (16) v ₂

v ₂ = 360/16

v ₂ = 22,5 cm/s

Yankho lolondola ndi A.

9. Madzi amayenda kudzera mu chitoliro monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi chotsatirachi. Ngati dera lopingasa A1 ₌ 8 cm2 ^, A2 ₌ 2 cm2 ^ndi liwiro la madzi v2 ₌ 2 m/s ndiye kuti kukula kwa v1 _ndi …

A. 0,5 ms^-1

B. 1,0 ms ^-1

C. 1,5 ms ^-1

D. 2,0 ms ^-1

E. 2,5 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti :

Malo opingasa 1 (A ₁ ) = 8 cm ²

Malo opingasa 2 (A ₂ ) = 2 cm ²

Liwiro la madzi pa gawo lachiwiri (v ₂ ) = 2 m/s

Kufunidwa : liwiro la madzi pa gawo 1 (v ₁ )

Yankho :

Equation ya kupitiriza kwa madzimadzi :

A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂

8 v ₁ = (2)(2)

8 v ₁ = 4

v ₁ = 4 / 8 = 0,5 m/s

Yankho lolondola ndi A.

10. Yang'anani chithunzichi! Ngati kukula kwa gawo lalikulu kuli kawiri kukula kwa gawo laling'ono, liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi mu chitoliro chaching'ono ndi...

A. 01 ms^-1

B. 04 ms ⁻¹

C. 08 ms ⁻¹

D. 16 ms ⁻¹

E. 20 ms ⁻¹

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti :

Chigawo chachikulu cha m'mimba mwake (d ₁ ) = 2

Ma radius a gawo lalikulu (r ₁ ) = ½ d ₁ = ½ (2) = 1

Malo aakulu opingasa ( A ₁ ) = π r ₁ ² = π (1) ² = π (1) = π

M'mimba mwake waung'ono wopingasa (d ₂ ) = 1

Ulalo wocheperako wa magawo (r2 ₎ = ½ d ₂ = ½ (1) = ½

Malo ang'onoang'ono odutsa ( A ₂ ) = π r ₂ ² = π (1/2) ² = π (1/4) = ¼ π

Liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi pa gawo lalikulu ( v ₁ ) = 4 m/s

Funso : liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi pa gawo laling'ono ( v ₂ )

Yankho :

Equation ya kupitiriza kwa madzimadzi :

A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂

π 4 = ¼ π (v ₂ )

4 = ¼ (v ₂ )

v ₂ = 8 m/s

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

Mfundo ndi Equation ya Bernoulli

11. Chiganizo chili pansipa chikukhudzana ndi mphamvu yokweza ndege, yomwe ndi...

A. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya pamwamba pa phiko ndi kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwa mpweya pansi pa phiko.

B. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya pansi pa mapiko sikukhudza kukwera kwa ndege.

C. Liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pamwamba pa phiko ndi lalikulu kuposa liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pansi pa phiko.

D. Liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pamwamba pa phiko ndi locheperako kuposa liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pansi pa phiko.

E. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya sikukhudza kukwera kwa ndege.

Zokambirana

Fomula yokakamiza: P = F / A, pomwe P = kupanikizika, F = mphamvu, A = malo a pamwamba.

Kutengera ndi njira iyi, kupanikizika kumafanana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu. Choncho ngati kupanikizika kwa mpweya kuli kwakukulu, mphamvu yokankhira mpweya nayonso idzakhala yaikulu. Mphamvu ndi imene imapangitsa zinthu kusuntha, osati kupanikizika.

Mfundo ya Bernoulli imati ngati liwiro la mpweya lili lalikulu ndiye kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumakhala kochepa ndipo ngati liwiro la mpweya lili lochepa ndiye kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumakhala kwakukulu.

Kuti ndege ikwere, mphamvu ya mpweya pansi pa mapiko iyenera kukhala yayikulu. Mphamvu ya mpweya pansi pa mapiko imakhala yayikulu pamene mphamvu ya mpweya pansi pa mapiko ndi yayikulu. Mphamvu ya mpweya pansi pa mapiko imakhala yayikulu pamene mphamvu ya mpweya pansi pa mapiko ndi yochepa.

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

12. Samalani mawu otsatirawa!

(1) mphamvu yonyamula ndege

(2) pampu yamadzimadzi

(3) mankhwala opopera udzudzu

(4) mabaluni a mpweya wotentha amatha kuuluka

Mawu omwe ali pamwambapa omwe mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera ku lamulo la Bernoulli ndi awa...

A. (1) ndi (2)

B. (1) ndi (3)

C. (2) ndi (4)

D. (1), (2), ndi (4)

E. (1), (3), ndi (4)

Zokambirana

Mawu omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku lamulo la Bernoulli ndi awa: (1) kukweza ndege ndi (3) kupopera udzudzu. (2) Mapampu a hydraulic amagwira ntchito motsatira lamulo la Pascal. (4) Mabaluni a mpweya wotentha amatha kuuluka motsatira lamulo la Archimedes (flotation).

Yankho lolondola ndi B.

13. Pachithunzichi, madzi amapopedwa ndi compressor yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 120 kPa mu chitoliro cha pansi (1) ndipo amayenderera mmwamba pa liwiro la 1 ms ^-1 (g = 10 ms ^-2 ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi 1000 kg.m ^-3 ). Kuthamanga kwa madzi mu chitoliro chapamwamba (II) ndi….

A. 52,5 kPa

B. 67,5 kPa

C. 80,0 kPa

D. 92,5 kPa

E. 107,5 kPa

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Utali wozungulira wa chitoliro chachikulu (r ₁ ) = 12 cm

Ma radius a chitoliro chaching'ono (r ₂ ) = 6 cm

Kuthamanga kwa madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (tsamba ₁ ) = 120 kPa = 120.000 Pascal

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (v ₁ ) = 1 ms ^-1

Kutalika kwa chitoliro chachikulu (h ₁ ) = 0 m

Kutalika kwa chitoliro chaching'ono (h ₂ ) = 2 m

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Kuchuluka kwa madzi = 1000 kg.m ^-3

Funso: Kupanikizika kwa madzi mu chitoliro 2 (tsamba ₂ )

Yankho:

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro 2 limawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Continuity Equation:

A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂

(π r ₁ ² ) (v ₁ ) = (π r ₂ ² ) (v ₂ )

(r ₁ ² ) (v ₁ ) = (r ₂ ² ) (v ₂ )

(r ₁ ² ) (v ₁ ) = (r ₂ ² ) (v ₂ )

(12 ² )(1 m/s) = (6 ² )(v ₂ )

144 = 36 v ₂

v ₂ = 144 / 36

v ₂ = 4 m/s

Kupanikizika kwa madzi mu chitoliro 2 kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation ya Bernoulli:

14. Mawu omwe ali pansipa okhudzana ndi mphamvu yokwezera ndege ndi olondola...

A. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya pamwamba pa phiko ndi kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwa mpweya pansi pa phiko.

B. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya pansi pa mapiko sikukhudza kukwera kwa ndege.

C. Liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pamwamba pa phiko ndi lalikulu kuposa liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pansi pa phiko.

D. Liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pamwamba pa phiko ndi locheperako kuposa liwiro la mpweya womwe umayenda pansi pa phiko.

E. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya sikukhudza kukwera kwa ndege.

Zokambirana

Yerekezerani zomwe mwakambirana pa funso lapitalo.

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

15. Mapiko a ndege apangidwa kuti apereke kukweza kwakukulu mmwamba, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi. Ngati v ndi liwiro la mpweya ndipo P ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndiye kuti malinga ndi mfundo ya Bernoulli, kapangidwe kake kapangidwa kuti...

A. v_A > v_B kotero kuti P_A > P_B

B. v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

C. v _A < v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

D. v _A < v _B kotero kuti P _A > P _B

E. v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A = P _B

Zokambirana

Kuti phiko la ndege likwere mmwamba, mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko uyenera kukhala waukulu kuposa womwe uli pamwamba pa phiko.

Mphamvu yokankhira pansi pa phiko imakhala yayikulu ngati mpweya pansi pa phiko uli waukulu.

Mfundo ya Bernoulli imati mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko ndi waukulu pamene mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko ndi wochepa.

Kotero v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

Yankho lolondola ndi B.

16. Samalani ndi mawu otsatirawa!

(1) venturimeter

(2) mankhwala opopera udzudzu

(3) barometer

(4) kutentha kwa thupi

Chiganizo chokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la Bernoulli ndi...

A. (1) ndi (2)

B. (1) ndi (3)

C. (1) ndi (4)

D. (2) ndi (3)

E. (2) ndi (4)

Zokambirana

Mawu omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku lamulo la Bernoulli ndi awa: (1) venturimeter ndi (2) chopopera udzudzu. (3) barometer yomwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku hydrostatic pressure (4) mercury kapena alcohol thermometer yomwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku expansion.

Yankho lolondola ndi A.

17. Samalani ndi mawu otsatirawa!

(1) pampu yamadzimadzi

(2) kabureta

(3) venturimeter

(4) kutentha kwa thupi

Zida zomwe mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera ku lamulo la Bernoulli ndi...

A. (1) ndi (2)

B. (1) ndi (3)

C. (1) ndi (4)

D. (2) ndi (3)

E. (2) ndi (4)

Zokambirana

Mafotokozedwe omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku lamulo la Bernoulli ndi (2) ma carburetor ndi (3) ma venturimeter. (1) mapampu a hydraulic omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku hydrostatic pressure, lamulo la Pascal. (4) ma thermometer a mercury kapena alcohol omwe mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito zimachokera ku expansion.

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

18. Yang'anani chithunzi chotsatirachi!

Malo a chitoliro chachikulu ndi 5 m pamwamba pa nthaka ndipo chitoliro chaching'ono ndi 1 m pamwamba pa nthaka. Liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu ndi 36 km.h ^-1 ndi kupanikizika kwa 9,1 x 10 ⁵ Pa, pomwe kupanikizika mu chitoliro chaching'ono ndi 2.10 ⁵ Pa, ndiye liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chaching'ono ndi…. (kuchuluka kwa madzi = 10 ³ kg.m ^-3 )

A. 10 ms^-1

B. 20 ms ^-1

C. 30 ms ^-1

D. 40 ms ^-1

E. 50 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Kuthamanga kwa madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (tsamba ₁ ) = 9,1 x 10 ⁵ Pascal = 910.000 Pascal

Kuthamanga kwa madzi mu chitoliro chaching'ono (tsamba ₂ ) = 2 x 10 ⁵ Pascal = 200.000 Pascal

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (v ₁ ) = 36 km/ola = 36(1000)/(3600) = 36000/3600 =10 m/s

Kutalika kwa chitoliro chachikulu (h ₁ ) = -4 mamita

Kutalika kwa chitoliro chaching'ono (h ₂ ) = mamita 0

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Kuchuluka kwa madzi = 1000 kg.m ^-3

Funso: Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chaching'ono (v ₂ )

Yankho:

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chaching'ono (v ₂ ) limawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation ya Bernoulli:

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

19. Chitoliro chokhala ndi utali wa masentimita 15 chimalumikizidwa ku chitoliro china chokhala ndi utali wa masentimita 5. Zonse ziwiri zili pamalo opingasa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu ndi 1 ms ^-1 pa kupanikizika kwa 10 ⁵ N m ^-2 , ndiye kuti kupanikizika mu chitoliro chaching'ono (kuchuluka kwa madzi 1 g cm ^-3 ) ndi ...

A. 10.000 N m ^-2

B. 15.000 N m ^-2

C. 30.000 N m ^-2

D. 60.000 N m ^-2

E. 90.000 N m ^-2

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Ma radius a chitoliro chachikulu (r ₁ ) = 15 cm = 0,15 m

Ma radius a chitoliro chaching'ono (r ₂ ) = 5 cm = 0,05 m

Kuthamanga kwa madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (tsamba ₁ ) = 10 ⁵ N m ^-2 = 100.000 N m ^-2

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro chachikulu (v ₁ ) = 1 ms ^-1

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Kuchuluka kwa madzi = 1 gr cm ^-3 = 1000 kg m ^-3

Mapaipi onsewa ali pamalo opingasa kotero kuti kusiyana kwa kutalika kwa mapaipi (Δh) = 0.

Funso: Kupanikizika mu chitoliro chaching'ono (tsamba ₂ )

Yankho:

Liwiro la madzi mu chitoliro 2 limawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Continuity Equation:

A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂

(π r ₁ ² ) (v ₁ ) = (π r ₂ ² ) (v ₂ )

(r ₁ ² ) (v ₁ ) = (r ₂ ² ) (v ₂ )

(0,15 ² )(1 m/s) = (0,05 ² )(v ₂ )

0,0225 = 0,0025 v ₂

v ₂ = 0,0225 / 0,0025

v ₂ = 9 m/s

Kupanikizika mu chitoliro chaching'ono (p ₂ ) kumawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation ya Bernoulli:

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

Mfundo ya Bernoulli

20. Yang'anani chithunzi cha chopopera mankhwala ophera udzudzu pachithunzi chotsatirachi! P ikuyimira kuthamanga kwa madzi ndipo v ikuyimira kuchuluka kwa madzi ophera udzudzu. Kuti mutulutse madzi ophera udzudzu, muyenera...

A. v_A =v_B ndi P_A =P_B

B. v _A > v _B ndi P _A > P _B

C. v _A > v _B ndi P _A < P _B

D. v _A < v _B ndi P _A > P _B

E. v _A < v _B ndi P _A < P _B

Zokambirana

v _A > v _B

p _A < p _B

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

21. Mapiko a ndege apangidwa kuti akhale ndi mphamvu yokwezera mmwamba kwambiri, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzichi. Ngati v ndi liwiro la mpweya ndipo P ndi mphamvu ya mpweya, ndiye kuti malinga ndi mfundo ya Bernoulli, kapangidwe kake kapangidwa kuti...

A. v_A > v_B kotero kuti P_A > P_B

B. v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

C. v _A < v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

D. v _A < v _B kotero kuti P _A > P _B

E. v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A = P _B

Zokambirana

Kuti phiko la ndege likwere mmwamba, mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko uyenera kukhala waukulu kuposa womwe uli pamwamba pa phiko.

Kukankha pansi pa phiko kumakhala kwakukulu ngati kuthamanga kwa mpweya pansi pa phiko kuli kwakukulu. P = F/A, pomwe kuthamanga kwa P kuli kofanana ndi F. Kuthamanga kwakukulu, mphamvu imakulanso.

Mfundo ya Bernoulli imati mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko ndi waukulu pamene mpweya womwe uli pansi pa phiko ndi wochepa.

Kotero v _A > v _B kotero kuti P _A < P _B

Yankho lolondola ndi B.

Torriceli

22. Thanki yamadzi yotalika masentimita 100 imadzazidwa ndi madzi. Dzenje Q lili pamtunda wa masentimita 10 pamwamba pa nthaka. Mtunda wopingasa wa jet wamadzi (x) ndi…

A. 0,2 m

B. 0,3 m

C. 0,6 m

D. 0,9 m

E. 1,0 m

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Mtunda wa dzenje kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi (h) = 100 cm – 10 cm = 90 cm = 0,9 metres

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso: Mtunda wozungulira wa ndege yamadzi (x)

Yankho:

Liwiro la madzi otuluka m'dzenje

Chiphunzitso cha Torriceli chimanena kuti liwiro la madzi kutuluka m'dzenje ndi lofanana ndi liwiro la madzi kugwa momasuka kuchokera kutalika h. Mwa masamu:

Kufotokozera: v = liwiro, g = kufulumira kwa mphamvu yokoka, h = mtunda wa dzenje kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi

Liwiro la madzi otuluka m'dzenje:

Nthawi yoti madzi afike pamwamba pa nthaka

Kusuntha kwa madzi kuchokera m'dzenje mpaka kufika pansi ndi kuyenda kwa parabolic, komwe njira yake ili monga momwe chithunzi chili m'mbali. Kuyenda kwa parabolic kumaonedwa kuti kuli mitundu iwiri ya kuyenda, komwe ndi kuyenda koyima ndi kopingasa. Kuyenda kopingasa kumasanthulidwa ngati mayendedwe ofanana a mzere ndipo kayendetsedwe ka njira yolunjika pankhaniyi kakusanthulidwa ngati kuyenda kwaulere kwa kugwa.

Choyamba, werengani nthawi yomwe madzi ali mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera nthawi yopumira.

Amadziwika kuti:

Kutalika kwa dzenje (y) = 10 cm = 0,1 mamita

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Anafunsa: nthawi yopuma (t)

Yankho:

y = 1/2 gt ^{​​​​2}

0,1 = 1/2 (10) t ²

0,1 = 5 t ²

t ² = 0,1 / 5

t ² = 0,02

t = √0,02 masekondi

Mtunda wopingasa (x)

Amadziwika kuti:

Liwiro loyambirira (v _o = v _ox ) = 3 √2 m/s

Nthawi yopuma (t) ya madzi mumlengalenga = masekondi √0,02

Funso: Mtunda wopingasa (x)

Yankho:

v = x / t

x = vt = (3 √2) ( √0,02) = (3)(1,41)(0,14) = 0,59 = mamita 0,6

Yankho lolondola ndi C.

23. Yang'anani chithunzi chotsatirachi!

Thanki imakhala ndi madzi okwana 1 m. Pamalo P pakhoma la thanki pali dzenje laling'ono kwambiri, kotero liwiro la madzi otuluka ndi… (g = 10 ms ^-2 )

A. 5 ms^-1

B. 4 ms ^-1

C. 2,5 ms ^-1

D. 2 ms ^-1

E. 1,5 ms ^-1

Zokambirana

Amadziwika kuti:

Mtunda wa dzenje kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi (h) = 100 cm – 80 cm = 20 cm = 0,2 metres

Kuthamanga chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s ²

Funso: Liwiro la madzi akutuluka (v)

Yankho:

Liwiro la madzi otuluka m'dzenje:

Yankho lolondola ndi D.

Venturimeter

24. Gawo lalikulu la chitoliro cha venturimeter lili ndi malo opingasa A₁ = 6 masentimita² ndipo gawo laling'ono la mapaipi lili ndi gawo lopingasa A₂ = 5 masentimita²Liwiro la madzi kulowa mu venturimeter payipi ndi... h = 20 cm, g = 10 m/s².
A. 2 m/s
B. 3 m/s
C. 4 m/s
D. 5 m/s
E. 6 m/s
Kukambirana:

Yankho lolondola ndi B.

 

Gwero la funso:

Mafunso a National Examination Physics a Senior High School/Vocational High School