Te Whakaaro Whaiaro me tōna Awe ki te Whanoke
Pendahuluan
Ko te ariā-whaiaro tētahi o ngā kaupapa tino whakamere me te mea nui i roto i te hinengaro. E pā ana tēnei kupu ki te tirohanga a te tangata ki a ia anō, tae atu ki tā rātou aromatawai i ō rātou pūkenga, whanonga, me ngā āhuatanga whaiaro. Ka awe te ariā-whaiaro i ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga o te tangata, mai i ngā whakaaro me ngā kare ā-roto ki ngā mahi me ngā whakataunga. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou he aha te ariā-whaiaro, me pēhea te hanganga, me tōna awe ki ngā whanonga o te tangata.
Te Whakamāramatanga o te Whakaaro-ā-Whaiaro
Ko te whakaaro whaiaro he whakaahua, he tirohanga rānei a te tangata mōna ake. Kei roto i tēnei he maha ngā āhuatanga, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga tinana, ngā pūkenga, te tuakiri, ngā uara, me ngā tūranga pāpori. I kī te tohunga hinengaro a Carl Rogers, tētahi o ngā tino tangata rongonui i roto i te matapakinga o te whakaaro whaiaro, ko te whakaaro whaiaro he tirohanga a te tangata takitahi mōna ake, i hangaia mā roto i ngā wheako me ngā taunekeneke pāpori.
Ngā Wāhanga Whakaaro-ā-Whaiaro
1. Ngā Āhuatanga Tinana: Kei roto i tēnei ko te tirohanga a te tangata ki tōna āhua me tōna āhua tinana, pērā i te teitei, te taumaha, te ataahua, te kaha tinana rānei.
2. Ngā Āhuatanga Hinengaro: Kei roto ko te tuakiri, ngā pūkenga hinengaro, me ngā kare ā-roto. Hei tauira, ka kite pea te tangata i a ia anō he tangata mātau, he tangata auaha, he tangata ngāwari rānei te riri.
3. Ngā Āhuatanga Hapori: E pā ana tēnei ki te tirohanga a te tangata ki a ia anō i roto i te whanaungatanga ki ētahi atu, tae atu ki ngā tūranga pāpori, te mana, me ngā whanaungatanga takitahi.
4. Ngā Uara me ngā Whakapono: Kei roto i tēnei wāhanga ngā mātāpono me ngā tikanga matatika e whakaponohia ana e te tangata, ā, e whakamahia ana hoki hei aratohu mō te ao.
Te Hanganga o te Whakaaro-ā-Iho
Kāore te whakaaro whaiaro e puta wawe tonu mai, engari mā roto i tētahi tukanga roa e uru ana ki ngā āhuatanga maha:
1. Ngā Wheako Whaiaro: Ka pāngia te tirohanga a te tangata ki a ia anō e ngā wheako o mua, ngā whakatutukitanga, ngā hinganga rānei. Ka whakarei ake ngā wheako pai i te whakaaro pai ki a ia anō, engari ka taea e ngā wheako kino te whakaiti i te whakaaro ki a ia anō.
2. Urupare mai i Ētahi Atu: He mea nui ngā whakatau me ngā whakaaro o ētahi atu, inā koa ko te whānau, ngā hoa, me ngā kaiako, ki te hanga i te whakaaro ki a ia anō. Hei tauira, ka taea e te whakamoemiti te whakanui ake i te whakapono ki a ia anō , engari ka taea e te whakahē kino te arahi ki te whakaiti i te whakaaro ki a ia anō.
3. Whakataurite Hapori: Mā te whakataurite i a koe ki ētahi atu ka pā ki te whakaaro ki a koe anō. Tērā pea ka pai ake, ka kino ake rānei te whakaaro o te tangata mōna anō, i runga i te āhua o tana tirohanga ki a ia anō i roto i te horopaki pāpori.
4. Ahurea me ngā Tikanga Hapori: Ka pāngia hoki te ariā whaiaro e ngā uara me ngā tikanga e puritia ana e te ahurea me te hapori e noho ana te tangata. Hei tauira, ko te ahurea e whakanui ana i te angitu takitahi ka akiaki i te tangata ki te titiro ki a rātou anō i runga i te whakatutukitanga ngaio.
Te Awe o te Whakaaro Whaiaro ki te Whanoke
He pānga nui tō te whakaaro ki a ia anō ki te āhua o te whakaaro, o ngā kare ā-roto, me ngā mahi a te tangata:
1. Te Hihiri me ngā Whāinga: Ko te hunga whai whakaaro pai ki a rātou anō ka tino hihiri ki te whai i ā rātou whāinga me ā rātou wawata. He nui ake tō rātou māia ki te aro atu ki ngā wero , ā, he kaha ake hoki ki te kore e angitu. I tetahi atu taha, ko te hunga whai whakaaro kino ki a rātou anō ka iti pea te taumata hihiri, ā, ka karo i ngā wero.
2. Ngā Kōwhiringa o te Ao: He maha ngā whakataunga nui o te ao e pā ana ki te whakaaro whaiaro, pērā i ngā kōwhiringa mahi, ngā whanaungatanga, me ngā mahi o ia rā. Hei tauira, ko te tangata e kite ana i a ia anō he kaiārahi, tera pea ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te tango i ngā tūranga e hiahia ana ki te kaiārahi.
3. Te Taunekeneke Hapori: Ka pāngia te āhua o te tangata e te tirohanga ki a ia anō e te āhua o tana taunekeneke ki ētahi atu. Ko te hunga whai whakaaro pai ki a rātou anō ka ngāwari ake te hanga hononga pai, ā, ka noho pai ki roto i ngā āhuatanga pāpori. I tetahi atu taha, ko te hunga whai whakaaro kino ki a rātou anō ka noho māharahara, ka karo rānei i ngā taunekeneke pāpori.
4. Oranga Hinengaro: He hononga tata te whakaaro pai ki a ia anō ki te oranga hinengaro pai. Ko te hunga he tirohanga hauora ki a rātou anō ka pāngia e te iti o te ahotea, te nui ake o te harikoa, ā, he kaha ake te ātete ki te pouri me te manukanuka.
5. Te Whakamātau i te Tūponotanga: Ko te hunga e māia ana ki ō rātou pūkenga ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whakamātau i ngā mea hou. Ka pā pai tēnei ki tō rātou whanaketanga whaiaro me te whanaketanga ngaio.
Ngā Take Tūturu me te Rangahau
He nui ngā rangahau kua mahia hei mārama ki te pānga o te ariā whaiaro ki ngā whanonga. Hei tauira, i whakaatuhia e te rangahau a Dweck (2006) mō te hinengaro he pai ake te mahi a te hunga whai hinengaro tipu (e whakapono ana ka taea te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga mā te whakapau kaha me te ako) i roto i te ao mātauranga me te ao whaiaro i te hunga whai hinengaro pumau (e whakapono ana he āhuatanga pumau ngā pūkenga).
I roto i tētahi rangahau nā Baumeister, Campbell, Krueger, me Vohs (2003), i kitea ko te hunga whai whakaaro nui ki a rātou anō he nui ake te tūponotanga kia angitu ki te mahi, kia whai whanaungatanga whakamīharo hoki, ko te hunga he iti te whakaaro nui ki a rātou anō he nui ake te tūponotanga kia pāngia e te pouri me ētahi atu raruraru hinengaro.
Te Katinga
Ko te ariā whaiaro he wāhanga matua o te hinengaro takitahi e awe ana i ngā āhuatanga maha o te ao, tae atu ki te hihiri, ngā taunekeneke pāpori, te oranga ngākau, me te whakatau kaupapa . Ko te whakawhanake i tētahi ariā whaiaro pai te mea nui ki te whakatutuki i te oranga me te angitu i roto i ngā wāhanga maha o te ao. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mārama, kia maioha hoki ngā tāngata takitahi me te hapori ki te tūranga o te ariā whaiaro i roto i te oranga o ia rā.
Ko te tukanga whakawhanake me te whakapai ake i te whakaaro whaiaro me uru ki te whakaaroaro hohonu, te whakaaroaro ki a ia anō, me ngā taunekeneke hauora ki te taiao e karapoti ana. Pēnei, ka whai wāhi ia tangata ki te kite i a ia anō i roto i te tirohanga pai ake, ā, ka whai pānga pai tēnei ki ā rātou whanonga, ka ārahi hoki i a rātou ki tētahi oranga whai hua ake.
