Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te mate haurangi nui
Ko te ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) he mate koiora e pā ana ki te kaha o te tangata ki te whakahaere i te aro, ki te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto, me te pupuri i ngā taumata mahi e tika ana mō te āhuatanga. Ahakoa ka taea e te ADHD te puta i roto i ngā tāngata o ngā reanga katoa, ka kitea, ka tātaritatia hoki i te wā tamarikitanga. He maha ngā wā ka uaua ki ngā tamariki whai ADHD te mahi i te kāinga, i te kura, me te pāpori . Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te whakahaere i ngā tamariki whai ADHD, me te tuku rautaki me ngā huarahi whai hua hei āwhina i a rātou ki te whakatutuki i ō rātou pūmanawa katoa.
Te Mārama ki te ADHD
I mua i te matapaki i ngā rautaki maimoatanga, he mea nui kia mārama tuatahi ki te ADHD. E toru ngā momo matua o te ADHD:
1. Momo ADHD kore aro: He uaua ki ēnei tamariki te aro, engari kāore pea i te tino hihiko rawa, i te whanoke rānei.
2. Momo ADHD hihiko rawa atu-whakaohooho: Tērā pea he whanonga hihiko rawa atu, he whanonga ohorere hoki tō ēnei tamariki, engari kāore pea he raruraru ki te aro.
3. Momo ADHD whakakotahi: Koinei te momo ADHD tino noa, ā, he huinga o ngā tohu kore aro, te hihiko rawa, me te whanoke.
Te Tātaritanga me te Aromatawai
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te rongoā i te ADHD ko te whiwhi i tētahi tātaritanga tika. Kāore e taea te mahi ngāwari i tētahi tātaritanga ADHD; me aromatawai hōhonu e tētahi tohunga hauora pērā i tētahi tohunga hinengaro, tohunga hinengaro, tākuta tamariki rānei. Ko tēnei aromatawai he uiuinga ki te tamaiti, ki ngā mātua, me ngā kaiako, ngā tirohanga whanonga, me te whakamahi i ngā taputapu aromatawai paerewa.
Ngā Rautaki mō te Whakahaere i te ADHD
Kia oti te tautuhi i te mate, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere wawaotanga. Ko te maimoatanga mō te ADHD he whakakotahi i ngā wawaotanga hauora me ngā wawaotanga whanonga . Anei ētahi rautaki motuhake:
1. Te Wawaotanga Hauora
Kua whakaatuhia te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā ADHD, pērā i ngā rongoā whakaohooho (hei tauira, te methylphenidate, te amphetamine rānei) me ngā rongoā kore-whakaohooho (hei tauira, te atomoxetine), ki te whakahaere i ngā tohumate ADHD i roto i te tini o ngā tamariki. He mea nui kia mahi tahi me tētahi tohunga hauora ki te kimi i te rongoā me te horopeta tika mō tāu tamaiti, me te aroturuki hoki i ngā pānga taha.
2. Whakaora Whanoke
He wāhanga nui te rongoā whanonga mō te ADHD. Kei roto pea i ēnei rautaki:
a. Whakangungu Mātua: Ka taea te whakangungu i ngā mātua ki ngā tikanga whakahaere whanonga hei āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā whanonga raruraru me te whakapai ake i te kaha o tā rātou tamaiti ki te mahi i te kāinga. Hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha utu me ngā hua hei ārahi i te whanonga a te tamaiti.
b. Whakaora Hinengaro Whanoke (CBT): Ka āwhina te CBT i ngā tamariki ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga ki te whakahaere i ō rātou kare ā-roto me ō rātou hiahia. Ka ako tēnei tikanga i ngā tamariki ki te tautuhi me te whakarerekē i ngā tauira whakaaro kino, kāore rānei i te āwhina.
c. Ngā Rautaki Whakahaere Akomanga: Ka taea hoki te whakangungu i ngā kaiako ki te whakamahi i ngā huarahi hei āwhina i ngā tamariki whai ADHD, pēnei i te whakarato tohutohu mārama, te hanganga ōrite, me te whakapakari pai mō ngā whanonga e hiahiatia ana.
3. Te Whakarerekētanga Taiao
Mā te whakarerekē i te taiao ako me te taiao tākaro ka āwhina i ngā tamariki ADHD kia pai ake te mahi. Ko ētahi o ngā whakaaro ko:
a. Waihangahia he Wāhi Whakarite: Mā te whakaiti i te raruraru me ngā mea whakararuraru tirohanga i te kāinga me te akomanga ka āwhina i ngā tamariki kia aro pai ake. Whakamahia ngā āwhina tirohanga pērā i ngā rārangi wā pikitia, i ngā papa mahi rānei hei āwhina i ngā tamariki kia noho whakarite.
b. Whakaratohia he Whakatā Auau: Me nui ake ngā wā okiokinga mō ngā tamariki whai ADHD hei āwhina i a rātou ki te whakahaere i ō rātou kaha. Mā te tango i ngā wā okiokinga poto i ia 15-30 meneti i a rātou e ako ana, e mahi ana rānei i ngā mahi ka āwhina i a rātou kia pai ake te arotahi.
c. Hanganga me te Auautanga: Mā te whakarato i tētahi mahinga o ia rā, me te kōrero ki ngā tamariki he aha ngā mea e tumanakohia ana mai i a rātou, ka taea te waihanga i tētahi wairua haumaru me te pumau hei āwhina i a rātou kia pai ake te mahi.
4. Te Whakawhanaketanga Pūkenga Hapori
He maha ngā wā ka raru ngā tamariki whai ADHD ki ngā taunekeneke pāpori . Ka taea e rātou te whai hua mai i ngā akoranga pūkenga pāpori e whakaakona ana mā te takaro whakaari, te kōrero pakiwaitara pāpori, te whakangungu rōpū rānei. Mā ēnei huarahi ka āwhina ngā tamariki ki te ako ki te pānui i ngā tohu pāpori, ki te tatari mō tā rātou wā, ki te kōrero mārama, me te whakautu tika.
5. Te Kai me te Whakakorikori Tinana
He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu ka pā te kai me te korikori tinana ki ngā tohumate o te ADHD. Ahakoa ehara i te otinga tino pai, ka taea e ēnei whakaaro te tautoko i te whakahaere i te ADHD:
a. Kai Taurite: He taunakitanga kei reira ka pāngia ētahi kai e ngā whanonga o ngā tamariki whai ADHD. Mā te karo i ngā kai he mea tiaki, he tae hangai, me ngā kai he nui te huka ka āwhina pea i ētahi tamariki.
b. Te Whakakorikori Tinana: Mā te whakakorikori tinana auau ka taea te tahu i te kaha nui, ā, ka pai ake te arotahi. Tērā pea ka whai hua ngā tamariki whai ADHD i ngā whakakorikori tinana kua whakaritea, pērā i te kaukau, te eke pahikara, te mahi toi whawhai rānei.
Tautoko a ngā Hoa me ngā Kaiako
Ehara i te mahi ka taea e ngā tamariki me ngā mātua te whakahaere i te ADHD ko rātou anake. He mahi nui anō hoki tā ngā kaiako, ngā kaiārahi kura, me ngā kaiako hākinakina. Ka taea e ngā kaiako te whakawhanake i ngā urutaunga akomanga tautoko, pērā i te whakarato i ngā mahi me ngā tohutohu mārama me te whakatinana i ngā tikanga auau. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā kaiārahi kura te whakarato i te tautoko kare ā-roto me ngā pūkenga whakahaere ahotea mō ngā tamariki.
Te Whakahaere i te Taumahatanga me te Whakapai ake i te Oranga
He uaua te whakatipu tamariki me te ADHD, ā, ka nui te ahotea. Me tiaki e ngā mātua tō rātou ake oranga kia pai ai te tautoko i tā rātou tamaiti. He tino āwhina te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko, te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora hinengaro, te whakarite rānei i tētahi wā mō ngā mahi whakangā whaiaro.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakahaere i te ADHD i roto i ngā tamariki me whai huarahi whānui, whakauru hoki, tae atu ki te wawaotanga hauora, te rongoā whanonga, te whakarerekētanga taiao, te whakawhanaketanga pūkenga pāpori, te whakarerekētanga kai me te korikori tinana, me te tautoko mai i ngā kaiako me ngā kaiwhakaako. Ahakoa te āhua whakamataku o ēnei wero, ka taea e ēnei rautaki te āwhina i ngā tamariki whai ADHD kia eke ki tō rātou pūmanawa katoa me te tupu. Mā te mahi tahi kaha me te whakapau kaha i waenga i ngā mātua, ngā kaiako, me ngā tohunga hauora, ka taea e ēnei tamariki te angitu me te tupu i roto i ngā āhuatanga maha o ō rātou oranga.
