Te Whakahaere me te Whakawhanaketanga Ōhanga
He maha ngā wā ka kōrerohia te whakahaere i roto i te horopaki o te kāwanatanga, engari he whānui ake tōna tikanga. Ko te whakahaere e kapi ana i te āhua o te whakatau a te kāwanatanga, ngā umanga tūmatanui, me ngā kaiwhakaari ehara i te kāwanatanga—pērā i te rāngai tūmataiti me te hapori whānui—e whakatau ana, e whakatinana ana i ngā kaupapa here, e whakahaere ana i ngā rauemi, me te whakaatu i ngā hua ki te marea. I roto i te maha o ngā rangahau whanaketanga, e whakaponohia ana ko te kounga o te whakahaere te mea matua e whakatau ana i te angitu, i te kore rānei o te whanaketanga ōhanga. Ko ngā whenua whai whakahaere pai he pumau ake, he whakawhirinaki ake ki ngā kaipupuri moni, ā, ka taea te whakaputa i te tipu hei oranga. I tetahi atu taha, ko te ngoikore o te whakahaere ka puta te pirau, te kore taurite, me te koretake o te ōhanga.
Te ariā o te whakahaere me te hiranga o tēnei
He maha ngā wā ka honoa te kupu whakahaere ki ngā mātāpono pēnei i te kawenga, te māramatanga, te whai wāhi, te whai huatanga, te mana o te ture, me te aro ki ngā hiahia o te marea. E whakaaro ana te whakahaere pai ka mahia ngā whakataunga a te marea i runga i ngā ture mārama, ka taea te tirotiro, ā, ka whakatairanga i te painga o te marea. Mā te whakamahinga o ēnei mātāpono ka hangaia he taiao pai mō ngā mahi ōhanga: ka piki ake te pono o te ture, ka whakaitihia ngā utu tauwhitinga, ā, ka ngāwari ake te whakahaere i ngā mōrearea e pā ana ki ngā kaimahi pakihi.
I roto i te mahi, ehara i te mea ko te "kāwanatanga ma" anake te kaupapa o te whakahaere engari ko te "kāwanatanga kaha". Ko te kaha o te kāwanatanga ki te hanga kaupapa here, ki te kohi taake, ki te hanga hanganga, ki te whakarato ratonga mātauranga me te hauora, me te whakamana i ngā ture mākete he wāhanga nui o te whakahaere. Tērā pea he āhua kore pirau te kāwanatanga, engari ki te iti tōna kaha whakahaere, kāore tonu ngā putanga whanaketanga e tino pai. Nō reira, me whakakotahi te pono me te kaha whakahaere i te whanaketanga ōhanga.
Te whakahaere hei tūāpapa mō te āhuarangi haumi me te tipu
Ka pā te kounga o te whakahaere ki te āhuarangi haumi mā roto i ētahi huarahi matua. Tuatahi, ko te tino māramatanga ture me te tiaki i ngā mana whenua. Me whakamana ngā kaipupuri moni—ā-rohe, ā-iwi hoki—kia taea te whakamana i ngā kirimana, kia tika te whakatau i ngā tautohe, ā, kia kore e ngāwari te hopu i ā rātou rawa mā roto i ngā kaupapa here tūpono. Ina ngoikore te pūnaha whakawā, ina taea rānei te "hoko", ka āwangawanga ngā pakihi ki te haumi mō te wā roa , ki te tono rānei kia nui ake ngā hokinga mai hei utu mō ngā mōrearea. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka piki ake te utu o te whakapaipai, ā, ka heke te haumi hua.
Tuarua, ka pā te whakahaere ki te whai huatanga o te tari. Ka piki ake ngā utu tauwhitinga nā te uaua o ngā tukanga raihana, ngā takoha ture kore, me te koretake o ngā ture. I te tauine whānui, ka whakaroa te tipu o ngā utu tauwhitinga nui nā te mea ka pau te kaha ōhanga ki te tiki whakaaetanga, ki te tautoko i ngā mahi, me te pupuri i ngā whanaungatanga, kaua ki te auahatanga, ki te whakaputa, ki te whakawhānui rānei i te mākete. He maha ngā wā ka pā pai te whakahoutanga o te raihana, te mamati o ngā ratonga tūmatanui, me te whakangawari i ngā ture ki te hua.
Tuatoru, te pumau o ngā kaupapa here me te kounga o ngā ture. Nā te maha o ngā huringa o ngā kaupapa here ōhanga me te kore he aronga mārama, ka uaua ki ngā pakihi te whakamahere haumi. I tetahi atu taha, ki te mea he mea hanga ngā ture e ngā raraunga, e whai wāhi ana ki te kōrerorero a te marea, ā, e hangai ana ki ngā rautaki whanaketanga, ka taea e te rāngai tūmataiti te urutau, te whakanui ake i te kaha whakaputa, me te whakauru i te tini o ngā kaimahi.
Te pirau: he taake huna mō te ōhanga
E kiia ana te pirau he "taake huna" nā te mea ka piki ake te utu o te mahi pakihi, ā, ka whakaiti i te kounga o ngā ratonga tūmatanui. Ina kore ngā kamupene pai rawa e toa i ngā kaupapa hanganga, engari i te hunga tino kaha ki te utu utu, ka heke te kounga o ngā rori, piriti, kura rānei. Ehara i te mea ko te maumauria noa iho o ngā tahua engari ko te whakahekenga hoki o te hua mō te wā roa. Ka piki ake ngā utu whakahaere i te hanganga ngoikore; ka whakaitihia te kounga o ngā rauemi tangata e ngā ratonga mātauranga ngoikore ; ā, ka whakaitihia te hua o te mahi e ngā ratonga hauora koretake.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ka whakararu te pirau i te whakawhirinaki. Ka taea e te kore whakawhirinaki o te marea ki ngā umanga kāwanatanga te whakaoho i ngā pakanga pāpori, te wehewehenga tōrangapū, tae atu ki te kore pumau. Hei whakamutunga, ka whakanui ake tēnei kore pumau i ngā mōrearea ōhanga, ā, ka whakakore i te haumi. Nō reira, ehara i te mea he kaupapa matatika noa iho te whakakore i te pirau, engari he rautaki ōhanga hei whakapakari i te whakataetae.
Te whakahaere me te ōritetanga: te whakarite kia huri te tipu hei oranga mō te tangata
Kāore e taea te ine i te whanaketanga ōhanga mā ngā tatauranga tipu GDP anake. He maha ngā whenua e kite ana i te tipu nui, engari ka whānui haere te kore taurite, ka heke te rawakore, ā, ka noho pūmau te nekehanga pāpori. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi nui ai te kāwanatanga: te whakarite i ngā tikanga tohatoha whai hua, te tiakitanga pāpori, me ngā ratonga tūmatanui.
Mā te whakahaere pai ka taea ngā kaupapa āwhina pāpori kua tohua mā roto i ngā raraunga tika, ngā pūnaha tohatoha mārama, me te tirotiro kaha. Mā ngā kaupapa here taake me ngā kaupapa here whakapaunga tūmatanui e whakahaeretia pai ana ka taea te whakaiti i te kore taurite me te whakapiki ake i te kaha ōhanga. Mā ngā haumitanga a te kāwanatanga ki te mātauranga, te hauora, te wai ma, me ngā hanganga taketake ka whakaratohia he whai wāhitanga mō te hunga rawakore ki te whakapiki i te hua me te moni whiwhi. Arā, ko te whakahaere te piriti e huri ai te tipu ōhanga ki te whanaketanga tangata.
Te tūranga o te mana whakahaere me te kāwanatanga ā-rohe
I roto i te maha o ngā whenua, tae atu ki Initonīhia, kua nui ake te mana o te mana whakahaere ā-rohe nā te mana whakahaere ā-motu. I roto i te ariā, ka taea e te mana whakahaere ā-motu te whakapai ake i te kounga ratonga nā te mea he tata ake ngā kāwanatanga ā-rohe ki ngā hiahia o ngā tāngata whenua. Heoi anō, me kaha hoki te whakahaere ā-rohe i te mana whakahaere ā-rohe. Ki te kore he tikanga pakari mō te kawenga, ka taea e te mana ā-rohe te whakaputa i ngā momo pirau hou, ngā kaupapa here kore taurite, te maumau moni rānei. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakapakari i te kaha o te kāwanatanga ā-rohe, te whakarite i te māramatanga o ngā tahua ā-rohe, me te whakarite i te whai wāhi a te marea ki te whakamahere whanaketanga.
Mā te whakahaere pai o te rohe ka huaki te wāhi mō te auahatanga. He maha ngā mahi pai e puta mai ana i ngā rohe, tae atu ki te whakamāoritanga o ngā ratonga, te whakahounga raihana, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te mātauranga, me te whakahaere para me te taiao. Ina tāruatia, ina tautokona hoki ēnei auahatanga e te kāwanatanga matua, ka nui te pānga ki te whanaketanga o te motu.
Te whakahaere, te auahatanga, me te panonitanga ōhanga
I tēnei wā o te ōhanga matihiko me te ao whānui, kāore te whanaketanga e whakawhirinaki anake ki ngā taonga, ki ngā kaimahi iti te utu. Me whakahaere e ngā whenua tētahi panonitanga hanganga: mai i tētahi ōhanga e ahu mai ana i ngā rauemi ki tētahi e ahu mai ana i te uara tāpiri, te ahumahi hou, me ngā ratonga. Me whai kāwanatanga tēnei panonitanga e kaha ana ki te whakatenatena i te auahatanga, te tiaki i te whakataetae hauora, me te hanga i tētahi pūnaha kaipakihi.
Mā ngā ture tautoko i te auahatanga—pērā i te whakapumautanga ture mō ngā pakihi hou, te tiakitanga raraunga, me te tautoko pūtea—ka tere ake te whānautanga o ngā pakihi hou. I tētahi atu taha, mā te ngoikore o te whakahaere ka ara ake ngā mana motuhake, ngā kartel, te "ōhanga rapu reti" rānei e aukati ana i te auahatanga. Ina aro nui ake ngā pakihi ki te rapu painga tōrangapū i te whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā hua, ka uaua te tipu ōhanga.
Ngā wero me ngā huarahi hei whakapai ake
Ehara i te mahi tere te hanga kāwanatanga pai. He maha ngā wā ka tūtaki ngā whakahoutanga ki te ātete mai i ngā rōpū e whai hua ana i te āhua o nāianei. Hei tāpiri, me mahi tahi ngā rāngai katoa ki te whakapai ake i te kāwanatanga: te whakahoutanga tari, te whakapakari i te whakamana ture, te whakapai ake i te whakahaere pūtea a te kāwanatanga, me te whakamana i te hapori whānui me te hunga pāpāho hei kaitiaki.
Ko ētahi o ngā mahi e whakaarohia ana he whai hua ko: te whakamāoritanga o ngā ratonga hei whakaiti i ngā taunekeneke kanohi ki te kanohi me ngā whai wāhitanga mō te utu whakapati; te māramatanga o ngā raraunga tahua me ngā hoko; te whakapakari i ngā umanga arotake; te tiaki i ngā kaiwhakapae; te whakahou i te pūnaha whakawā; me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te kimi me te whakatairanga i ngā kaimahi kāwanatanga e ahu mai ana i te hiranga. He mea nui hoki te whai wāhi a te marea kia kore ai ngā kaupapa here e whai hua anake ki te hunga torutoru engari kia tino aro atu ki ngā hiahia o te hapori whānui.
Whakamutunga
He hononga tata te whakahaere me te whanaketanga ōhanga. Mā te whakahaere pai ka hangaia he tūpato ture, ka whakaiti i ngā utu tauwhitinga, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā ratonga tūmatanui, ā, ka whakapakari i te whakawhirinaki—ko ēnei katoa te pūtake mō te tipu pumau. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakahaere ka whakatauhia mēnā ka taea te whakamaori i te tipu hei oranga ōrite mā roto i ngā kaupapa here pāpori, ngā ratonga tūmatanui, me ngā whai wāhitanga ōrite. I waenganui i ngā wero o te ao, te huringa ōhanga, me te piki haere o ngā tono a te hapori, ehara i te mea he kaupapa whakahaere noa iho te whakapai ake i te whakahaere, engari he rautaki matua mō te hanga i tētahi ōhanga pakari, whānui, me te ōrite.
