Te Whakawhanaketanga Whakauru i roto i te Ōhanga Hou
I waenganui i te tere haere o te ao whānui, te mamati, me ngā panonitanga o te hanganga o te mākete mahi, kei te piki haere te kōrero mō te kupu whanaketanga whakauru. Kāore e taea te ine i te whanaketanga mā te tipu o te Hua Whenua Katoa (GDP) me te pikinga o ngā reiti haumi anake. Ko ngā pātai nui ake ko: ko wai ka whai hua mai i tēnei, ki tehea te whānuitanga o ngā whai wāhitanga e tuwhera ana ki te katoa, me te mea kei te whakaitihia te ahunga whakamua ōhanga - kaua ki te whānui haere - te kore taurite. I roto i te horopaki tino hihiri o te ōhanga hou, ehara i te mea he pai noa te whanaketanga whakauru engari he huarahi rautaki hoki hei pupuri i te pumau hapori me te manawanui ōhanga mō te wā roa.
Te Tikanga me ngā Mātāpono o te Whakawhanaketanga Whakauru
Ko te whanaketanga whānui he tukanga tipu ōhanga e uru ana ki te whai wāhi whānui o te hapori, ā, e whakarite ana i te tohatoha tika o ngā painga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei me waihanga e te whanaketanga ngā whai wāhitanga mahi, me whakapiki ake i ngā moni whiwhi, me whakawhānui ake i te urunga atu ki ngā ratonga taketake, me te whakatuwhera i te nekehanga pāpori, inā koa mō ngā rōpū kua mahue iho: te hunga rawakore, ngā kaimahi kore whaimana, ngā wāhine, ngā tāngata hauā, ngā hapori i ngā rohe tūmatanui, me ngā taiohi e pāngia ana e ngā wero pūkenga.
I roto i te ōhanga o ēnei rā, ko te whanaketanga whānui e ahu mai ana i ētahi mātāpono matua. Tuatahi, te ōritetanga o ngā whai wāhitanga: he tika te urunga atu o te katoa ki te mātauranga, ki te hauora, me te mahi, me te kore whakahāwea. Tuarua, te whai wāhi: ka whai wāhi ngā rōpū hapori ki ngā tukanga whakatau, hei tauira mā roto i ngā wānanga whanaketanga, ngā kōrerorero a te marea, me ngā tikanga amuamu. Tuatoru, te tika tohatoha: kāore te tipu ōhanga e arohia ana e te hunga tokoiti, engari ka horahia mā roto i ngā kaupapa here pūtea, te tiaki hapori, me ngā ōhanga ā-rohe kaha. Tuawhā, te pumau: me tiaki e te whanaketanga te taiao, me te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea ōhanga o te raruraru āhuarangi.
He aha te Hiranga o te Whakawhanaketanga Whakauru i te Wā Ōhanga Hou
He āhua ahurei tō te ōhanga hou: ka piki ake te hua mā te hangarau, engari kāore i te rite tonu ki te ōritetanga. Hei tauira, ka taea e te aunoatanga me te mātauranga horihori te whakanui ake i te pai o te kamupene, engari ka taea hoki te whakakore i ngā mahi auau me te whakawhānui ake i te āputa pūkenga. I tētahi atu taha, kua hangaia e te ōhanga matihiko he maha ngā whai wāhitanga hou—te ōhanga gig, te hokohoko ipurangi, te mahi mamao—engari he maha ngā wā ka haere tahi ēnei me te koretake o te whiwhinga moni, te iti o te tiakitanga mahi, me te kore taurite o te urunga ki te ipurangi me te mātauranga matihiko.
Ka pā kino pea te kore taurite ki te taha ōhanga: te ngoikore o te kai o te whare, te kore e nekenekehanga pāpori, te pikinga o ngā taupatupatu pāpori, me te āhuarangi haumi koretake. Nō reira, ehara te whanaketanga whānui i te take matatika anake, engari ko te tūāpapa mō tētahi ōhanga pakari ake. Ina he nui ake te mana hoko, ngā pūkenga, me ngā whai wāhitanga whakaputa, ka pumau ake te tipu, ā, ka kounga teitei ake.
Ngā Pou Matua o te Whakawhanaketanga Whakauru
1) Te Whakapai Ake i te Mātauranga me ngā Pūkenga
I roto i tētahi ōhanga e ahu mai ana i te mātauranga, ko te mātauranga te "arawhata" matua hei mawhiti atu i te rawakore. Heoi, ko te wero nui ehara i te mea ko te urunga atu ki te kura anake, engari ko te kounga me te hiranga hoki. Me aro te marautanga ki ngā hiahia o te heke mai: te mātauranga matihiko, te whakaoti rapanga, te auahatanga, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ngā pūkenga hangarau e tika ana mō ngā hiahia o te ahumahi. He mea nui anō hoki ngā kaupapa whakangungu mahi me te whakahou me te whakapiki pūkenga mō ngā kaimahi e pāngia ana e te huringa hangarau.
Hei tāpiritanga atu, me rite te tohatoha o te kounga mātauranga puta noa i ngā rohe mō te whanaketanga whānui. Mēnā ka tere te ahu whakamua o ngā kura i roto i ngā tāone nui, engari ka araia ngā kura i roto i ngā rohe kāore i te tino whanake e te kore o ngā kaiako me ngā whakaurunga, ka haere tonu te kore taurite i ia whakatipuranga ki ia whakatipuranga.
2) Te urunga atu ki te Hauora me te Tiakitanga Hapori
Ehara i te mea he take hauora anake te hauora, engari he take ōhanga anō hoki. He nui ake te mahi a te hunga hauora, he iti ake te utu o te oranga, ā, ka taea e rātou te whai wāhi atu ki te mākete mahi. I taua wā anō, ka taea e te tiakitanga pāpori—pērā i te inihua hauora, te āwhina moni, ngā tahua tautoko kua tohua, me te inihua kore mahi—te whakarato i te ārai i ngā ohorere ōhanga pērā i te hokinga whakamuri o te ōhanga, ngā āhuatanga kino, te pikinga rānei o ngā utu kai.
I tēnei ao ōhanga hou e ngāwari ana ki te hurihuri, ka āwhina te tiaki hapori urutau ki te ārai i ngā whānau whakaraerae kei taka ki te rawakore rawa, ā, ka whakarato hoki i te wāhi mō te whakaoranga.
3) Te Waihanga i ngā Mahi Tika
Kei te ngākau o te whanaketanga whānui ko te mahi tika: ngā utu e tika ana, te haumarutanga mahi, me te taiao mahi atawhai tangata. He wero nui tēnei mā te tini whenua whakawhanake ko te mana nui o te rāngai kore whaimana. He maha ngā wā kāore i te wātea ngā kirimana, te haumarutanga pāpori, te urunga atu rānei ki te pūtea mō ngā kaimahi kore whaimana.
Mā te rautaki whakauru ka taea te whakatenatena i te whakatinanatanga āta haere mā te whakamahi i ngā raihana kua whakangāwaritia, te taake tika, te pupuri pukapuka kua whakangāwaritia, me ngā whakatenatena mō ngā pakihi iti me ngā pakihi iti (MSME) ki te uru atu ki te mekameka tuku ahumahi. I taua wā, mā te haumi a te iwi whānui ki ngā hanganga—ngā rori, ngā tauranga, te hiko, me te ipurangi—ka taea te whakaoho i te tipu o ngā rāngai whakaputa hua e mimiti ana i te mahi.
4) Te Whakaurunga Pūtea me te Whakamana i ngā Pakihi me ngā Rangatahi (MSMEs)
Ko te whakaurunga pūtea te tikanga ka whai wāhi te tangata ki ngā ratonga pūtea haumaru, utu hoki: ngā pūkete, ngā penapena, ngā nama, ngā inihua, me ngā utu matihiko. He maha ngā pakihi iti me ngā pakihi iti (MSME) he whakaaro me ngā mākete ā rātou, engari e araia ana e te mātauranga whakapaipai me te mātauranga pūtea. Me whakawhanake e ngā peeke me ngā umanga pūtea ngā kaupapa pūtea tika: te nama iti, te pūtea mekameka tuku, me te whakamahinga o te hangarau pūtea e tirotirohia paitia ana.
Me tautoko hoki ngā pakihi iti me ngā pakihi iti (SME) kia ahu whakamua ai rātou mā te ārahi pakihi, ngā paerewa kounga, te tiwhikete, me te urunga atu ki te mākete matihiko. I roto i te ōhanga hou, ka taea e te whakamahi i ngā papaaho ipurangi te whakawhānui ake i ngā mākete, engari me taurite tēnei ki te tiaki kaihoko me te haumarutanga raraunga.
5) Te Whakawhanaketanga Rohe me te Hanganga Mamati
He maha ngā wā ka pā te kore taurite ki te taha whenua: ka tere te tipu o ngā tāone nui, ka whakaroa ngā kāinga, ka āraia ngā rohe ki te rawhiti, ka uaua rānei ngā rohe tūmatanui ki te uru atu ki ngā ratonga taketake. Ko te whanaketanga whānui me tohatoha tika i ngā hanganga ā-tinana (te kawe waka, te wai ma, te hiko) me ngā hanganga matihiko (ngā whatunga ipurangi, te urunga ki ngā taputapu, ngā pokapū ratonga matihiko).
Mā te hononga pai, ka taea e ngā hapori o te rohe te uru atu ki ngā mākete, te ako tawhiti, ngā ratonga rongoā tawhiti, me ngā whai wāhitanga mahi hou. Me haere tahi hoki ngā hanganga me ngā kaupapa here whanaketanga ōhanga ā-rohe kia kore ai ngā rohe e noho hei kaihoko noa iho engari hei kaihanga uara tāpiri.
Ngā Wero mō te Whakatutuki i te Whakawhanaketanga Whakauru
Ahakoa he tika te ariā, ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakatinanatanga. Tuatahi, ko ngā herenga tahua me te kaha o te tari whakahaere ka ārai i ngā kaupapa taurite. Tuarua, ko ngā raraunga hē ka arahi ki te he o te arotahi ki te āwhina hapori. Tuatoru, ko te ātete mai i ngā painga motuhake—hei tauira, ko ngā mana motuhake o te mākete , ko ngā mahi mahi tukino rānei—ka ārai i te whakahoutanga. Tuawhā, ka whakanui ake te huringa āhuarangi i ngā ngoikoretanga, inā koa mō ngā kaimahi pāmu iti me ngā hapori takutai.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, he raruraru hou kei te ōhanga matihiko: ngā rerekētanga o te urunga atu ki te hangarau, te wehewehe matihiko, me te kukū o te mana i roto i ngā papaaho nui. Me whai ture tika hei ārai i te auahatanga kei hanga i ngā rerekētanga hou.
Te Tūranga o te Kāwanatanga, te Rāngai Tūmataiti, me te Hapori
Me mahi tahi te whanaketanga whānui. He mahi nui tā te kāwanatanga i roto i te whakatakoto kaupapa here: te kaupapa here pūtea ahu whakamua, ngā ratonga tūmatanui, ngā ture mahi, me te haumi ki ngā hanganga. Ka taea e te rāngai pakihi te noho hei miihini mō te waihanga mahi me te auahatanga, engari me whakatinana ngā mahi pakihi tauwhiro, whānui me te whakaute i ngā tika o ngā kaimahi. I taua wā, ka taea e te hapori whānui, ngā mātauranga, me ngā hapori o te rohe te whakarite kia rangona ngā reo o ngā rōpū ngoikore, te whakatairanga i te māramatanga, me te hanga kaupapa whakamana.
He mea nui ngā mahi tahi: ko ngā whakangungu mahi i hangaia i roto i te mahi tahi me te ahumahi, ngā kaupapa putea hurihuri e tirotirohia ana e te hapori, me ngā mahi auaha ratonga tūmatanui e ahu mai ana i te hangarau e wātea tonu ana ki ngā rōpū he iti te mōhio ki te mamati.
Te Katinga
I roto i te ōhanga hou, ko te whanaketanga e whai ana i te tipu anake me te kore e whai whakaaro ki te ōritetanga ka tūpono ki te ngoikore me te waihanga i ngā taupatupatu pāpori. Mā te whanaketanga whakauru ka tukuna he ara hauora ake: te tipu e whakatuwhera ana i ngā whai wāhitanga, e whakaiti ana i ngā kore ōritetanga, ā, e whakapai ake ana i te kounga o te oranga whānui. Mā te mātauranga e tika ana, ngā ratonga hauora pakari me te tiakitanga pāpori, te waihanga mahi tika, te whakaurunga pūtea, me te tohatoha tika o ngā hanganga ā-tinana me te mamati, ka taea te tohatoha i te whanaketanga e te katoa.
Hei whakamutunga, ehara i te mea ko te tere o te tipu o tētahi whenua anake te mea e pā ana ki te angitu ōhanga, engari ko te tokomaha o ōna tāngata e tipu tahi ana me taua whenua. Ko te whanaketanga whānui te ara ki tētahi ōhanga hou, engari he ōrite, he pakari, he pumau hoki.
