Indima Yezengqondo Ekuphathweni Kwezinsiza Zabantu
Ukuphathwa Kwezinsizakusebenza Zabantu (HRM) kungaphezu nje kokuphathwa kwabasebenzi, ukukhokhelwa, noma ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yezabasebenzi. Ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinqubo kukhona isici esibaluleke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi inhlangano: abantu abanemicabango yabo ehlukahlukene, imizwa, izisusa, izindinganiso, kanye nokuziphatha. Yilapho i-psychology idlala khona indima ebalulekile. I-Psychology isiza izinhlangano ukuqonda ukuthi abantu basebenza kanjani, bazivumelanise, basebenzisane kanjani, futhi bachuma kanjani. Ngokusebenzisa izimiso zengqondo, i-HRM ingaklama izinqubomgomo nemikhuba engagcini nje ngokusebenza kahle, kodwa futhi enobuntu futhi eqhubekayo.
I-Psychology njengesisekelo sokuqonda ukuziphatha komsebenzi
Empeleni, i-psychology ifunda ukuziphatha kwabantu kanye nezinqubo zengqondo. Esimweni senhlangano, i-psychology—ikakhulukazi i-psychology yezimboni neyenhlangano—isiza ekuhleleni indlela abantu abenza ngayo emsebenzini, ukuthi kungani beshukunyiswa noma bebhekene nokusebenza okwehlayo, nokuthi i-social dynamics ithonya kanjani umkhiqizo. Lokhu kuqonda kubalulekile ngoba izinqumo ze-HR zivame ukuba nomthelela oqondile kwikhwalithi yempilo yomsebenzi yabasebenzi, isimo senhlangano, kanye nemiphumela yebhizinisi.
Nge-psychology, izinhlangano zingabona izici ezithonya ukwaneliseka emsebenzini, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala, ukuzibophezela, ngisho nokuziphatha okulimazayo njengokungqubuzana isikhathi eside noma ukungabikho emsebenzini kakhulu. Besebenzisa idatha kanye nendlela yesayensi, i-HR ingabona izimbangela eziyinhloko futhi ikhethe ukungenelela okufanele, njengokwakhiwa komsebenzi okuthuthukisiwe, ubuholi obuqinisiwe, noma izinhlelo zempilo yengqondo.
Ukuqasha nokukhetha: ukukhetha abantu abafanele ngezindlela ezifanele
Enye yeminikelo emikhulu yezengqondo ku-HR inqubo yokuqasha nokukhetha. Amaphutha ekukhetheni abantu abazongenela ukhetho angaholela ekushintsheni okukhulu kwabasebenzi, izindleko zokuqeqesha ezikhuphukayo, kanye nokwehla kokuziphatha kweqembu. Izengqondo zinikeza ithuluzi elinomqondo kanye nendlela yokuhlola ukufaneleka komuntu ozongenela ukhetho emsebenzini kanye namasiko enhlangano.
Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezivivinyo zengqondo ezifana nezivivinyo zamakhono okuqonda, izinqolobane zobuntu, kanye nezikhungo zokuhlola kungasiza ukubikezela ukusebenza komsebenzi kanye namathuba obuholi. Izingxoxo ezisekelwe emakhono (izingxoxo zokuziphatha) nazo ziyisu elisekelwe ku-psychology, elisekelwe esimisweni sokuthi ukuziphatha kwangaphambilini kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuziphatha kwesikhathi esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-psychology igcizelela ukubaluleka kokufaneleka nokuthembeka kumathuluzi okukhetha ukuqinisekisa izinqumo zokuqasha ezingachemile nezinomthwalo wemfanelo.
Ukuqeqeshwa nentuthuko: indlela abantu abafunda futhi bakhule ngayo
Uma abasebenzi sebevunyelwe, inselele elandelayo ukuqinisekisa intuthuko yabo. Ukufunda i-psychology kusiza i-HR ukuqonda ukuthi abantu bamukela kanjani ulwazi, bakhe imikhuba emisha yokusebenza, futhi balondoloze amakhono. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziphumelelayo azigcini nje ngokuletha izinto ezibonakalayo kodwa futhi zicabangela nezindlela zokufunda, izisusa, kanye nezici zemvelo ezisekela ukuqaliswa kwemiphumela yokuqeqeshwa.
I-Psychology iphinde ikhuthaze umqondo wokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo, njengokuqeqesha nokuqeqesha. Ukuqeqesha kugxila ekuhloleni amathuba, ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza, kanye nokufeza imigomo ethile ngengxoxo ehlelekile. Ukuqeqesha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kugcizelela ukudluliselwa kolwazi kanye nokukhuthaza ukulungela umsebenzi. Zombili lezi zindlela zidinga ukuqonda kwengqondo kokuxhumana, uzwela, kanye nokwakha ukwethembana.
Isisusa kanye nokusebenza: ukushukumisa abantu ukufeza imigomo
I-HR ivame ukubhekana nombuzo omdala: indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabasebenzi? Impendulo ayilula njengokunikeza izikhuthazo zezimali. I-psychology yokukhuthaza ichaza ukuthi isisusa somsebenzi sithonywa yizici eziningi: izidingo, imigomo, imivuzo, umuzwa wencazelo, ukuzimela, kanye nemibono yobulungisa.
Imibono yokugqugquzela—njengembono yesidingo, inkolelo yokulindela, kanye nenkolelo yokubeka imigomo—kusiza i-HR ukuklama izinhlelo zokuphatha ukusebenza ngendlela efanele nephumelelayo. Isibonelo, imigomo yomsebenzi ecacile neyinselele, ehambisana nempendulo ejwayelekile, ivame ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza. I-Psychology iphinde igcizelele ukuthi ukuqashelwa, umuzwa wokwazisa, kanye namathuba okukhula kungakhuthaza ukugqugquzeleka kwangaphakathi, okungukuthi, ukugqugquzeleka okuvela ngaphakathi kwesisebenzi, kunokuba kube okuvela emivuzoni yangaphandle kuphela.
Ubuholi kanye nesiko lenhlangano: ukudala indawo yokusebenza enempilo
Ubuholi abugcini nje ngesikhundla, kodwa futhi nekhono lokuthonya nokuqondisa abanye. I-Psychology inikeza ukuqonda ngezitayela zobuholi, ukuxhumana, ukwenza izinqumo, kanye nomthelela wazo enhlalakahleni yeqembu. Abaholi abakha ukwethembana, abalalela ngenkuthalo, futhi abanikeza ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo bavame ukudala isimo somsebenzi esihle kakhulu.
Isiko lenhlangano lihlobene kakhulu ne-psychology yezenhlalo. Isiko lakhiwa ngezindinganiso ezihlangene, imikhuba, kanye nemikhuba ethonya indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo emsebenzini. I-HR ingasebenzisa izindlela zengqondo ukuqinisa isiko lokubambisana, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, noma isevisi, isibonelo ngezinhlelo zokufaka izinto ngaphakathi kwenani, ukulingisa indima kubaholi, kanye nezinhlelo zemivuzo ezihambisana nokuziphatha okufiselekayo.
Ukuphathwa kwezingxabano kanye nobudlelwano bezimboni: ukuphatha ukuguquguquka komphakathi
Ingxabano iyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ezinhlanganweni, ikakhulukazi uma kunomehluko ezithakazelweni, emibonweni, noma ezindleleni zokuxhumana. I-Psychology inikeza amasu okuqonda imithombo yengxabano nokukhuthaza isixazululo esakhayo. Izindlela ezifana nokulamula, ukuxoxisana okusekelwe ezithakazelweni, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokuxhumana okuqinile kunganciphisa ingxabano ebhubhisayo futhi kugcine ubudlelwano bokusebenza obunempilo.
Ebudlelwaneni bezimboni, i-psychology nayo idlala indima ekuqondeni imibono yobulungiswa benhlangano. Lapho abasebenzi bezizwa bephathwe kabi—isibonelo, ekukhushulweni, ekwabiweni komsebenzi, noma ekujezisweni kwezigwegwe—kunengozi yokuncipha kokuzibandakanya ngisho nokubhikisha. Abaphathi be-HR abaqonda izici zengqondo zobulungiswa bazokwazi kangcono ukwakha izinhlelo ezisobala nezithembekile.
Impilo yengqondo kanye nenhlalakahle emsebenzini: ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside
Ukunakwa kwempilo yengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu endaweni yokusebenza yanamuhla, egcwele ingcindezi, imigomo ephezulu, kanye noshintsho olusheshayo. I-Psychology idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni izinhlelo zempilo enhle njengokuphathwa kokucindezeleka, izinhlelo zokusiza abasebenzi, ukuguquguquka komsebenzi, kanye nokungenelela ukuvimbela ukukhathala.
Abasebenzi abaphilile ngokwengqondo bavame ukukhiqiza kakhudlwana, ukudala kakhudlwana, futhi babe nobudlelwano obuhle bomsebenzi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungaholela ekwehleni kokusebenza, ukwanda kwamaphutha, kanye nezinkinga zempilo yomzimba. Ngokuhlanganisa i-psychology, i-HR ingabheka inhlalakahle yabasebenzi hhayi njengezindleko, kodwa njengotshalomali oluthinta ukusimama kwenhlangano.
Ukwenza izinqumo okusekelwe kudatha: isayensi yezengqondo kanye nezindlela zesayensi
I-psychology yesimanje igcizelela ukubaluleka komkhuba osekelwe ebufakazini—izinqubomgomo ezisekelwa ucwaningo nedatha. Ku-HR, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinqumo mayelana nokuqasha, ukuqeqeshwa, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza, kanye nezinqubomgomo zesinxephezelo akufanele zisekelwe ekuqondeni kuphela kodwa futhi nasekuhlaziyweni. Ucwaningo lokubandakanya abasebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwesimo sezulu senhlangano, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle kokuqeqeshwa kuyizibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwendlela yesayensi ekusebenzeni kwe-HR.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda ukucwasa kwengqondo kusiza i-HR ukunciphisa izinqumo ezingezona ezenhloso. Isibonelo, ukucwasa ngokwe-halo ekuhlolweni kokusebenza noma ukucwasa okufanayo ekukhethweni kwabantu abazongenela ukhetho. Ngokuqaphela la maphethini okucwasa, izinhlangano zingakha izinhlelo ezinobulungiswa.
Isiphetho
Indima ye-psychology ekuphathweni kwezinsizakusebenza zabantu ibanzi futhi iyisisekelo. I-Psychology isiza izinhlangano ukuqonda abantu njengesikhungo senqubo yomsebenzi, hhayi nje "izinsizakusebenza" okufanele ziphathwe ngomshini. Kusukela ekuqashweni nasekukhethweni, ukuqeqeshwa nentuthuko, ukugqugquzelwa kanye nokusebenza, ubuholi, ukuphathwa kwezingxabano, kanye nempilo yengqondo, konke kudinga ukuqonda kwengqondo ukuze kutholakale izinqubomgomo ze-HR ezisebenzayo.
Izinhlangano ezihlanganisa i-psychology emikhubeni yazo ye-HR zivame ukwakha izindawo zokusebenza ezikhiqizayo nezinozwela. Ekugcineni, impumelelo yebhizinisi kanye nenhlalakahle yabasebenzi akuzona ezihlukile kodwa kuyaqina uma kuphathwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokuqonda isimo somuntu.
