Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamakhono Athambile Ngemfundo
Ezweni lomsebenzi elishintsha ngokushesha—eliqhutshwa yintuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukuzenzekela, kanye nokuncintisana komhlaba wonke—imfundo ayisakwazi ukugcizelela nje amakhono ezemfundo noma amakhono obuchwepheshe. Amamaki aphezulu kanye neziqu ezinhle kubalulekile, kodwa akukho okuqinisekisa ikhono lomuntu lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zangempela. Yilapho amakhono athambile eba khona umehluko obalulekile. Amakhono athambile abhekisela kumakhono angewona awezobuchwepheshe ahlobene nendlela umuntu axhumana ngayo, abambisana ngayo, aphatha ngayo imizwa, axazulula ngayo izinkinga, futhi akhe ngayo ukuziphatha kanye nobuntu. Ngenxa yokuthi angokwemvelo ekuziphatheni nasemikhubeni, amakhono athambile angathuthukiswa—futhi kufanele—athuthukiswe ngendlela ehlelekile ngemfundo.
Ukuqonda Amakhono Athambile Nendima Yawo
Amakhono athambile ahlanganisa izici ezahlukahlukene, njengokuxhumana okuphumelelayo, ubuholi, ukusebenza ngokubambisana, ubuhlakani, ukuphathwa kwesikhathi , ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, uzwela, ukuqina, kanye nokucabanga okubucayi. Ngokungafani namakhono aqinile, angalinganiswa ngezivivinyo noma izitifiketi, amakhono athambile abonakala kakhulu endleleni umuntu enza ngayo emsebenzini: indlela aveza ngayo imibono, asabela ngayo ekugxekweni, axazulule izingxabano, futhi enze izinqumo.
Esimweni semfundo, amakhono athambile asebenza "njengebhuloho" phakathi kolwazi nokusetshenziswa kwalo. Abafundi abaqonda ithiyori kodwa abangenakho ukuzethemba ekukhulumeni, abangakwazi ukusebenza ngamaqembu, noma abayeke kalula lapho bebhekene nobunzima bazobhekana nezithiyo lapho bengena ekolishi, ezinhlanganweni, noma endaweni yokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, imfundo enhle idinga ukuhlanganisa ukuqina kwengqondo nokuthuthukiswa kwezimo zengqondo kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabantu ngokomzwelo.
Imfundo Njengesisekelo Esivundile Sokuthuthukiswa Kwamakhono Athambile
Izikole namayunivesithi yizindawo zomphakathi ezicebile ngokuxhumana. Yilapho abafundi befunda khona ukuphila ngaphakathi kwemithetho, baqonde umehluko, bakhe ubudlelwano, futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngokubambisana. Uma yaklanywa ngendlela efanele, imisebenzi yokufunda yansuku zonke ingaba yindlela yokuthuthukisa amakhono athambile ngaphandle kokudinga izifundo ezikhethekile.
Indima yothisha nayo ibalulekile. Othisha nabafundisi abagcini nje ngokudlulisela izinto, kodwa futhi bangabasizi abakha indawo ephephile yokuxoxisana, ukuhlola, ukwehluleka, kanye nokuthuthukisa. Lapho inqubo yokufunda inikeza abafundi amathuba okubuza imibuzo, ukuveza imibono, kanye nokudlala indima esebenzayo, amakhono athambile akhula ngokwemvelo.
Amasu Okuthuthukisa Amakhono Athambile Ezindaweni Zemfundo
1. Ukufunda Okusekelwe Kuphrojekthi (Ukufunda Okusekelwe Kuphrojekthi)
ukufunda okusekelwe Amaphrojekthi akhuthaza abafundi ukuthi baqedele imisebenzi yangempela ngesikhathi esithile, njengokudala umkhiqizo, ukwenza ucwaningo olulula, noma ukuthuthukisa umkhankaso wokuxhumana nabantu. Lo modeli ukhuthaza ukusebenza ngokubambisana, ukwabelana ngezindima, umthwalo wemfanelo, ubuciko, kanye namakhono okwethula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundi abafundayo bebhekene nezinhlelo ezishintshayo kanye nezinsizakusebenza ezilinganiselwe—isimo esifana kakhulu nomhlaba wangempela womsebenzi.
2. Ingxoxo Ehlelekile kanye Nokwethula
Izingxoxo zasekilasini, izingxoxo-mpikiswano, kanye nezethulo kukhuthaza amakhono okukhulumisana ngomlomo, ukucabanga okubucayi, kanye nesibindi sokuveza imibono. Kodwa-ke, ukuze iphumelele, izingxoxo zidinga ukuhlelwa: ngemithetho yokukhuluma, amasu okwethula izimpikiswano, kanye nokuhlola okuhlola hhayi nje kuphela "okulungile noma okungalungile" kodwa futhi nendlela yokuzibandakanya engxoxweni. Ngale ndlela, abafundi bafunda nokuhlonipha imibono ehlukene nokuveza ukugxeka ngendlela ephucuzekile.
3. Ukufunda Ngokubambisana kanye Nomsebenzi Weqembu
Umsebenzi weqembu uvame ukubhekwa njengokuhlukanisa imisebenzi nje, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu inqubo yokubambisana. Imfundo ingakhuthaza isiko lokubambisana ngemisebenzi edinga ukusebenzisana, njengokudala umbiko ohlanganyelwe, ukuxazulula isifundo secala, noma ukuklama ikhambi lenkinga ethile. Ngale ndlela, abafundi bafunda ukuxoxisana, ukuphathwa kwezingxabano, kanye nobuholi besimo—noma ubani angahola lapho kudingeka.
4. Ukuqinisa Ukufunda Nokuzwelana Nemizwa
Amakhono athambile awagcini nje ngamakhono okukhuluma, kodwa futhi aphathelene nokuziqonda wena nabanye. Imfundo ingagxilisa ulwazi lwemizwa ngokuzindla, amajenali okufunda, imisebenzi yokweluleka, kanye nomkhuba wokunikeza impendulo eyakhayo. Uma abafundi bekwazi ukubona imizwa yabo—ukukhathazeka, intukuthelo, ukudumala—bazobe behlonyiswe kangcono ukuphatha ukucindezeleka futhi baziphathe ngokuhlakanipha lapho bengaphansi kwengcindezi.
5. Imisebenzi Yangaphandle Kwesikole Nezinhlangano
Izinhlangano zabafundi, ama-scout, ezemidlalo, ezobuciko, noma amaqembu ezingxoxo ziyizinkundla ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuthuthukisa amakhono athambile. Emisebenzini yangaphandle, abafundi babhekana nezinhloso, amashejuli okuzijwayeza, imincintiswano, kanye nokuguquguquka kokuxhumana nabantu. Bafunda ukuzithiba, umthwalo wemfanelo, ubumbano, kanye nokuphatha isikhathi. Ngisho nokwehluleka emincintiswaneni kungafundisa izifundo ezibalulekile ekuqineni kwengqondo kanye nokuzihlola.
6. Ukufunda Okusekelwe Enkingeni
Le ndlela ibeka abafundi ezimweni zezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ibakhuthaza ukuthi bafune izixazululo besebenzisa idatha kanye nokucabanga. Ngaphandle kokulola ukucabanga okujulile, lo msebenzi uphinde ukhuthaze amakhono okwenza izinqumo, ubeke phambili, futhi udlulise izixazululo ngendlela enengqondo. Abafundi bafunda ukuthi izinkinga ngokuvamile azinaso impendulo eyodwa eqinisekile; okubalulekile ikhwalithi yenqubo yokucabanga kanye nokusebenza ngokubambisana.
Indima Yekharikhulamu Nokuhlola
Enye yezinselelo zokuthuthukisa amakhono athambile ukulinganisa. Izikole eziningi zisahlola abafundi ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa ebhaliwe. Kodwa-ke, amakhono athambile athuthuka ngezinqubo nemikhuba. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zokuhlola zidinga ukwandiswa: amarubrikhi ezethulo, ukuhlolwa kwephrojekthi, amaphothifoliyo, ukuhlolwa kontanga, kanye nokuzicabangela.
Uhlelo lwezifundo olufanele kufanele luhlinzeke ngesikhala semisebenzi edinga amakhono ekhulu lama-21, njengokuxhumana, ukubambisana, ubuciko, kanye nokucabanga okujulile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhono athambile kungenziwa kuzo zonke izifundo, hhayi nje ngaphakathi kwezifundo ezithile. Isibonelo, izifundo zolimi zikhuthaza impikiswano, izibalo zikhuthaza ukunemba nokuxazulula izinkinga, kuyilapho izifundo zomphakathi noma ezomphakathi zikhuthaza uzwela lomphakathi kanye nokuziphatha okuhle.
Izinselele Nemizamo Yokuzinqoba
Ukuthuthukisa amakhono athambile ngemfundo kubhekene nezithiyo eziningana. Okokuqala, ukulinganiselwa kwesikhathi ngenxa yobuningi bezinto zemfundo. Okwesibili, isiko lokufunda esisagxile ekubambeni ngekhanda kanye nezimpendulo zempendulo eyodwa. Okwesithathu, ukulungela okungalingani kothisha ekusebenziseni izindlela zokufunda ezisebenzayo . Okwesine, umehluko ezizindeni zabafundi uthinta ukuzethemba kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabantu.
Isixazululo sidinga imizamo yokubambisana: ukuqeqeshwa kothisha, ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo yesikole, ukubandakanyeka kwabazali, kanye nendawo yokufunda eyazisa inqubo. Imfundo idinga futhi ukukhuthaza isimo sekilasi esiphephile: abafundi abesabi ukwenza amaphutha, abanamahloni lapho bebuza imibuzo, futhi bajwayele ukuthola impendulo. Kulesi simo, amakhono athambile athuthukiswa kalula ngoba abafundi bazizwa bebalulekile njengabantu abafundayo.
Isiphetho
Amakhono athambile abalulekile ekubhekaneni nokuphila, kokubili emsebenzini nasemphakathini. Imfundo idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amakhono athambile ngezindlela zokufunda ezisebenzayo, umsebenzi wokubambisana, amaphrojekthi angokoqobo, imisebenzi yenhlangano, kanye nokuhlolwa okugxile enqubweni. Lapho izikole namanyuvesi zilinganisela ngempumelelo amakhono aqinile nathambile, abafundi abagcini nje ngokuba abahlakaniphile ngokwezemfundo kodwa futhi baba ngabalingiswa abaqondiswa ubuntu, abakwazi ukubambisana, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuqina lapho bebhekene noshintsho. Lona umgomo wemfundo ophelele: ukubumba abantu abakulungele ukubhekana nezinselele zesikhathi ngamakhono aqinile, izimo zengqondo, kanye nezindinganiso.
