Ukwakha Isiko Lokubambisana Ekilasini
Isiko lokubambisana ekilasini liyisisekelo esibalulekile sokudala indawo yokufunda enempilo, ebandakanya wonke umuntu, nekhiqizayo. Uma abafundi bejwayele ukusebenza ndawonye, abagcini nje ngokuqonda kangcono indaba kodwa futhi bafunda amakhono okuphila njengokuxhumana, uzwela, umthwalo wemfanelo, kanye nokuxazulula izingxabano. Enkathini edinga ukubambisana okuhlukahlukene, izikole zinendima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni umkhuba wokubambisana kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha isiko lokubambisana akuyona nje indlela yokufundisa, kodwa kunalokho inqubo eqhubekayo yokwakha abalingiswa.
Kungani kubalulekile ukwakha ukubambisana ekilasini?
Ekilasini, abafundi bavela ezizindeni ezahlukene, amakhono, kanye nezindlela zokufunda. Ukubambisana kubasiza baqonde ukuthi ukungafani akuzona izithiyo, kodwa amandla. Lapho besebenza emisebenzini yeqembu, abafundi bafunda ukuhlukanisa izindima, ukuhlanganisa imibono, nokufeza imigomo efanayo. Le nqubo ikhuthaza amakhono okuxhumana nabantu ngokuvamile angatholakali ngokufunda komuntu ngamunye kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana kukhuthaza umuzwa wokuba yingxenye yomphakathi wekilasi. Lapho abafundi bezizwa beyingxenye yeqembu, isisusa sabo sokufunda sivame ukwanda futhi isimo sekilasi siba sihle kakhulu.
Ukubambisana nakho kuthinta impumelelo yezemfundo. Izingxoxo zeqembu zingacebisa ukuqonda ngoba abafundi bachazelana imiqondo besebenzisa ulimi olulula ngontanga yabo ukuluqonda. Abafundi abaqinile ngokwezemfundo bangajulisa ukuqonda kwabo ngokufundisana kontanga, kuyilapho abafundi abadinga ukwesekwa bengafunda ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwahlulela. Ngale ndlela, ikilasi liba yindawo yokunika amandla okufunda, kunokuba libe yindawo ecindezelayo nencintisanayo.
Indima yothisha njengabaqhubi besiko lokubambisana
Isiko lokubambisana aliveli nje kuphela; othisha badlala indima njengabakhi bendawo yokufunda. Kudingeka baklame imisebenzi ekhuthaza ukusebenzisana okunenjongo ngenkathi bekhuthaza izindinganiso eziyisisekelo sokubambisana: inhlonipho, ukulalela, kanye nokuziphendulela. Othisha nabo basebenza njengezibonelo. Abafundi bazolingisa indlela abakhuluma ngayo, baphendule emibonweni yabafundi, futhi baxazulule ukungezwani. Uma othisha bebonisa ukuvuleleka kanye nenhlonipho ngenqubo, abafundi bazovuma kakhulu ukuhlanganyela futhi bazise iminikelo yontanga yabo.
Ngaphezu kokuba yizibonelo, othisha kudingeka bamise izakhiwo ezicacile. Umsebenzi weqembu ongahleliwe uvame ukuholela ekungalinganini: abanye abafundi basebenza kanzima, kanti abanye "bamane baphile." Ngakho-ke, ukubambisana kudinga ukuqondiswa yimithetho esobala, izabelo zendima, kanye nokuhlolwa. Isiko lokubambisana liwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kobudlelwano obufudumele kanye nohlelo oluqinile.
Ukudala isimo sekilasi esiphephile nesibandakanya wonke umuntu
Ukubambisana kungachuma kuphela uma abafundi bezizwa bephephile. Lokhu akukhona nje ukuphepha ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi nokuphepha kwengqondo: ukungesabi ukugconwa, ukungenzi iphutha, nokungahlekwa ngokuveza imibono. Othisha bangathuthukisa lesi simo ngokusebenzisa ulimi oluhle, umkhuba wokubingelelana, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwemithetho yokulwa nokuxhashazwa.
Ukubandakanya wonke umuntu nakho kubalulekile. Emaqenjini, abafundi abathule noma abanezidingo ezithile zokufunda bavame ukushiywa ngaphandle. Othisha kudingeka baqinisekise ukuthi wonke umfundi unethuba lokufaka isandla. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokwabela izindima ezifana nokubhala amanothi, isikhulumi, isibali sikhathi, noma umbuzo. Ngokuba nezindima ezahlukahlukene, ingane ngayinye ingathola indlela yokubamba iqhaza ngokusekelwe emandleni ayo.
Amasu asebenzayo okwakha ukubambisana
Kunezindlela ezahlukene ezingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa isiko lokubambisana ekilasini:
1. Dala imithetho yokusebenza kweqembu ndawonye. Khuthaza abafundi ukuthi bakhe "inkontileka yeqembu" efana nalokhu: lalelani ngaphandle kokuphazamisa, hloniphani imibono, bafike ngesikhathi, futhi baqedele imisebenzi ngokwezindima zabo. Uma imithetho idalwa ndawonye, abafundi bazizwa benelungelo futhi bazimisele kakhulu ukuyilandela.
2. Sebenzisa izindlela zokufunda ngokubambisana. Amasu afana nokucabanga-ngababili-ukwabelana, i-jigsaw, noma izingxoxo zamaqembu amancane enza ukubambisana kube yingxenye yenqubo yokufunda, hhayi nje ukushintshashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile. Endleleni ye-jigsaw, isibonelo, abafundi baba "ochwepheshe" esigabeni esithile bese besifundisa ontanga yabo. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuncika okuhle komunye nomunye: wonke umuntu ubalulekile empumelelweni yeqembu.
3. Beka imigomo efanayo futhi ucacise imigomo. Abafundi kudingeka baqonde ukuthi yini okudingeka ifinyelelwe nokuthi impumelelo izolinganiswa kanjani. Imigomo engacacile ingaholela kalula ekutheni imisebenzi yeqembu ibe umthombo wengxoxo noma ngisho nokungqubuzana.
4. Khuthaza ukuzindla kweqembu. Ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi, yenza ukuzindla okufushane: ukuthi yini ehambe kahle, yini edinga ukuthuthukiswa, nokuthi ubani onomuzwa wokuthi izwi lakhe alizwakalanga. Ukuzindla kuthuthukisa ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubambisana kuyikhono elingasetshenziswa.
5. Gubha inqubo, hhayi umphumela nje kuphela. Amaqembu avuzayo abonisa ukuxhumana okuhle, ukwabelana ngezindima ngendlela efanele, noma ikhono lokuxazulula ukungezwani. Ngale ndlela, abafundi bayaqonda ukuthi ukubambisana akukhona nje kuphela ibanga lokugcina, kodwa nokuthi bakufeza kanjani.
Ukuphatha izingxabano njengengxenye yokufunda
Ukubambisana akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukwehluka kwemibono, iminikelo engalingani, noma izitayela zokuxhumana ezingqubuzanayo kungabangela ingxabano. Kodwa-ke, ingxabano ayibi njalo; uma iphathwa kahle, ingaba yithuba lokufunda. Othisha bangafundisa izinyathelo zokuxazulula izingxabano: ukulalelana uhlangothi lwendaba, ukusho inkinga ngaphandle kokusola, ukufuna izixazululo, nokufinyelela esivumelwaneni.
Isihluthulelo ukuthuthukisa umkhuba wokukhuluma ngokuzikhandla nangendlela enenhlonipho. Isibonelo, abafundi baqeqeshwa ukusebenzisa ibinzana elithi "Ngizizwa..." kunokuthi "Uhlala unjalo...". Ngolimi olufanele, izingxoxo ziba nempilo futhi aziguquki zibe ukuhlaselwa komuntu siqu.
Ukuhlola okufanele ukusekela ukubambisana
Enye yezinselele zomsebenzi weqembu ukuhlola. Uma wonke amalungu ethola ibanga elifanayo ngaphandle kokucabangela iminikelo yawo, abafundi abakhuthele bangase bazizwe beswele, kuyilapho abafundi abangenzi lutho bangase bangabi naso isisusa sokushintsha. Ukuze babhekane nalokhu, othisha bangasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuhlangene: ibanga leqembu (umkhiqizo wokugcina), amamaki ngamanye (imibuzo noma imisebenzi yomuntu siqu), kanye nokuhlolwa kwenqubo (ukubuka ngokubambisana, amajenali okuzindla, noma ukuhlolwa kontanga).
Ukuhlolwa kontanga kudinga ukuqondiswa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi bangabi ngabaziphindiselelayo noma abacabanga ukuthi bangabantu abahlukile. Sebenzisa i-rubriki elula—isibonelo, ukuhlola ukuba khona, umnikelo wemibono, umthwalo wemfanelo, kanye namakhono okulalela. Nge-rubriki ecacile, abafundi bafunda ukuhlola ngobuqotho nokuqonda amazinga okubambisana alindelekile.
Ukubandakanya abazali kanye namasiko esikole
Isiko lokubambisana ekilasini lizoqina uma lisekelwa yindawo ebanzi yesikole. Izinhlelo ezifana namaphrojekthi ahlanganisa amakilasi ahlukahlukene, imisebenzi yangaphandle, noma isevisi yomphakathi yesikole zinganikeza indawo ecacile yokwenza ngokubambisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana nabazali nakho kubalulekile. Abazali bangakusekela lokhu ngokufundisa izingane umthwalo wemfanelo, ukuhlonipha imibono yabanye, kanye nokuzijwayeza ukusebenza njengeqembu ekhaya, isibonelo ngokwabelana ngemisebenzi yasekhaya.
Isiphetho
Ukwakha isiko lokubambisana ekilasini kuyindlela yokutshala imali yesikhathi eside ekuthuthukisweni kwezemfundo kanye nobuntu babafundi. Lesi siko sithuthuka ngokuhlanganiswa kwezibonelo zothisha, isimo sezulu esiphephile ekilasini, amasu okufunda ngokubambisana, ukuphathwa kwezingxabano okunempilo, kanye nohlelo lokuhlola olufanele. Ukubambisana akuyona nje ikhono elengeziwe, kodwa kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokubhekana nezinselele zesikhathi esizayo ezidinga ukubambisana, ukucabanga okubucayi, kanye nozwela. Lapho ikilasi liba umphakathi osekelayo, ukufunda akuseyona umthwalo womuntu ngamunye kodwa kuyindlela yokwabelana yokukhula.
Uma ufisa, ngingaphinde ngiguqule lesi sihloko ukuze sihambisane namazinga athile (amabanga aphansi/aphakathi/aphezulu) noma ngengeze izibonelo zemisebenzi yokubambisana elungele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezifundo/amamojula okufundisa.
