Nheyo dzekutanga dzeMichina yeInduction
Mota yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumagetsi, inozivikanwawo semota yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumabasa akasiyana-siyana emaindasitiri nedzimba. Inoshandisa misimboti yemagetsi kushandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura misimboti yekutanga inoshanda mumota yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumagetsi, pamwe chete nezvikamu zvayo zvakasiyana-siyana uye hunhu hwayo.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yeInduction Motors
Chinhu chakatangira injini ye induction chakatanga kuwanikwa naMichael Faraday muna 1831, paakawana induction ye electromagnetic. Zvisinei, injini dze induction dzinoshanda hadzina kugadzirwa kusvika pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19 nemasayendisiti Nikola Tesla naGalileo Ferraris. Vagadziri vaviri ava vakagadzira magadzirirwo einjini akabvumira kushandiswa kwakapararira uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Nheyo yekushanda yeMuchina weInduction
Pfungwa yekushanda kwemota ye induction inobva pachiitiko che electromagnetic induction. Kana alternating current (AC) ikapfuudzwa nepakati pe stator coils, simba remagineti rinotenderera rinogadzirwa. Simba remagineti iri rinocheka rotor coils mukati memota. Nekuda kweizvozvo, magetsi anokonzereswa mu rotor coils zvichienderana nemutemo waFaraday we electromagnetic induction.
Mhepo yemagetsi inokonzerwa nerotor inogadzira simba remagineti rinobatana nesimba remagineti rinogadzirwa ne stator. Mhedzisiro yekubatana uku isimba remakanika rinoita kuti rotor itenderere. Pfungwa yakakosha mumichina ye induction ndeye "slip," inova musiyano uripo pakati pekumhanya kwesimba remagineti rinotenderera nekumhanya kwerotor. Kutsvedza uku kunodiwa kuti kukonzere simba remagineti murotor.
Zvikamu Zvikuru zveMuchina weInduction
Muchina we induction une zvikamu zvikuru zvakawanda zvinobatsira pabasa rawo:
1. Stator: Ichi chikamu chisingachinji chemota ye induction uye chine ma coil emagetsi anonzi stator windings. Kana AC current ikashandiswa, ma coil aya anogadzira simba remagineti rinotenderera.
2. Rotor: Iyi ndiyo chikamu chinotenderera chiri mukati me stator. Kune mhando mbiri huru dze rotors: rotors dze squirrel cage uye rotors dze wound. Rotors dze squirrel cage dzine mabhawa e conductor akabatanidzwa ne rings kumagumo ese, nepo rotors dze wound dzine coils uye dzinowanzo shandiswa mukushandiswa kunoda torque yakakwira.
3. Furemu: Chikamu chekunze chemuchina chinodzivirira stator nerotor uye chinotsigira chimiro chose chemuchina.
4. Mabheringi: Chikamu ichi chinobvumira rotor kutenderera mukati memuchina pasina kukweshana kwakanyanya.
Mhando dzeMichina yeInduction
Michina yekudzikisa inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sechikamu uye rudzi rwerotor:
1. Michina yeSingle-Phase Induction: Michina iyi inowanzo shandiswa mudzimba dzakadai semafeni, mapombi emvura, uye michina yekuwachisa. Inoshandisa phase imwe chete yekuchinjana simba.
2. Michina yeKupinza Mapaseji Matatu: Rudzi urwu rwakajairika mumaindasitiri nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakanyanya. Vanoshandisa mapaseji matatu akasiyana eAC current kugadzira simba remagineti rakaenzana uye rakasimba.
3. Rotor yeSquirrel Cage: Rudzi rwerotor runonyanya kushandiswa, kunyanya nekuda kwekureruka kwayo uye kuvimbika kwayo. Chimiro ichi chinoita kuti igare kwenguva refu uye haidi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya.
4. Rotor yeWound: Inowanzo kuwanikwa mumashandisirwo anoda kumhanya kwakanyatsojeka uye kudzora torque. Rotor iyi inobvumira magetsi kuti afambe nemuma slip rings kuti adzore hunhu hwemota.
Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipira zveMichina Yekupinza
Michina ye induction ine mabhenefiti akawanda anoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira mumabasa akawanda:
1. Kushanda Nesimba Kwazvo: Michina yekudzikisa magetsi inowanzo shanda zvakanaka, kunyanya mhando dzezvikamu zvitatu dzinoshandiswa muindasitiri.
2. Dhizaini Iri Nyore: Kushaikwa kwezvinhu zvakaita sema commutator nemabhurashi kunoita kuti dhizaini ive nyore uye yakasimba kana tichienzanisa nemichina yeDC.
3. Mutengo Wakaderera: Michina yekudzikisa simbi inowanzo dhura kugadzira nekugadzirisa.
4. Kuvimbika: Kugadzirwa kuri nyore uye kushaya ma contacts anofamba kunoderedza njodzi yekukundikana kwemuchina.
Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvipingamupinyi:
1. Kutanga: Michina yekudzikisa simbi inowanzoda mimwe michina yakaita sekutanga kuti itange kushanda.
2. Kudzora Kumhanya: Zvakaoma kudzora kumhanya kwemuchina we induction zvichienzaniswa nemuchina weDC.
3. Kutsvedza: Kuvapo kwekutsvedza kunoreva kuti kushanda zvakanaka kwemagetsi hakumbofi kwakasvika 100%.
Zvishandiso zveMuchina weInduction
Michina yekudzikisa simbi inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemashandisirwo, kubva kumaindasitiri kusvika kumashandisirwo epamba. Mamwe mashandisirwo akajairika anosanganisira:
1. Indasitiri yekugadzira: Inoshandiswa mumabhande ekufambisa zvinhu, mapombi, mafeni, uye macompressor.
2. Mota: Injini dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa injini dzemagetsi dziri kutanga kushandiswawo mumotokari dzemagetsi nekuda kwekushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwadzo.
3. Musha: Mota iyi inowanikwa mumidziyo yakaita semichina yekuwachisa, mafeni, uye ma air conditioner.
4. Kurima: Kunoshandiswa kufambisa michina yakaita semapombi emvura nemichina yekugaya mupunga.
Kubudirira uye Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva
Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, tsvakurudzo iri kuramba ichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzoreka kwema induction motors. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvitsva zvinosanganisira:
1. Kushandisa Inverter: Inobvumira kudzora kumhanya zviri nani uye kushanda zvakanaka.
2. Zvinhu Zvitsva: Kushandisa zvinhu zvitsva zvemagineti neconductor kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba.
3. Tekinoroji yeIoT: Kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji yeInternet of Things (IoT) yekutarisa nekutarisira michina panguva chaiyo.
Mhedziso
Mamota emagetsi eInduction ndiwo musimboti wemasystem mazhinji emagetsi mumaindasitiri nepamba. Nekugadzirwa kwawo kuri nyore asi kunoshanda, anopa mhinduro inoshanda uye yakavimbika kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa zvemakanika. Kunyange zvazvo aine zvimwe zvinokanganisa, zvakaita sekuoma kwekudzora kumhanya uye kudiwa kwestarter, zvakanakira zvawo, zvakaita sekushanda zvakanyanya uye mutengo wakaderera, zvinoita kuti ave sarudzo inozivikanwa.
Nekuvandudzwa kuri kuenderera mberi uye kutsvagurudza, michina yekuisa zvinhu zvitsva inotarisirwa kuti ishande zvakanaka uye ishande zvakasiyana-siyana mune ramangwana. Nokudaro, kunzwisisa misimboti yekutanga yemichina yekuisa zvinhu zvitsva kwakakosha kune chero ani zvake anoshanda muinjiniya yemagetsi neyemakanika.
