He tuhinga mō ngā Inemahana me ngā tauine pāmahana
1. Ngā Inemahana
Ko te taputapu i hangaia hei ine i te pāmahana he inemahana. He maha ngā momo inemahana, engari he rite tonu te kaupapa mahi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia e mātou ngā mea ine pāmahana, arā, ko te āhua o te matū ka huri i te pāmahana. Mena ka huri te pāmahana o te mea, ka huri anō hoki te āhua, me te rahi o te mea. Ko te nuinga o ngā inemahana e whakamahi ana i ngā mea ka taea te whakawhānui, te whakaiti rānei ina huri te pāmahana. Ko ngā inemahana e whakamahia pinepinetia ana he ngongo karāhe, kei reira te waipiro, te konukōre rānei i waenganui o te ngongo. Ina piki te pāmahana, ka whānui te waipiro, te konukōre rānei i roto i te ipu kia piki ake te roa o te pou waipiro, konukōre rānei. I tetahi atu taha, ina heke te pāmahana, ka heke te roa o te pou waipiro, konukōre rānei. I waho o te ngongo karāhe, kei reira ngā tau ko te tauine o te inemahana. Ko te tau e whakaaturia ana e te pito o runga o te pou waipiro, konukōre rānei e whakaatu ana i te uara o te pāmahana o te mea e inehia ana.
Ko ētahi atu momo inemahana e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko ngā inemahana e whakamahi ana i ngā rau whakarewa rua (e rua ngā momo konganuku rerekē, ā, he rerekē hoki te tere o te whakawhanui). Ina piki te pāmahana, ka nui ake te whakawhanuitanga o tētahi konganuku i tō tētahi atu konganuku. Nō reira, ka piko ngā wahi. I te nuinga o te wā, he porowhita te wahi whakarewa rua, ka noho tonu tētahi pito o te maramara, ko tētahi pito e hono ana ki te tohu tauine. Ina huri te pāmahana, ka huri te tohu. Ko ngā inemahana e whakamahi ana i ngā rau whakarewa rua ka whakamahia whānuitia hei inemahana hau, hei inemahana rūma, hei inemahana oumu, me ētahi atu. Ko te inemahana, he tika ake, he tino tika, ka whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga hiko o tētahi mea.
2. Te Whakatikatika i te Inemahana
Ko te whakatikatika i te inemahana he tukanga ine i te inemahana. Anei ētahi mahi hei whakatikatika i te inemahana. Tuatahi, whakaritea he inemahana mercury, he inemahana waipiro rānei, kāore he tauine. Tuarua, whakaritea he hukapapa. Tuatoru, whakaritea he wai. Tuawhā, whakaritea he whakamahana wai hei whakamahana i te wai kia koropupū. Tuarima, tāpirihia te hukapapa me te wai ki roto i tētahi ipu (he rite te taumaha o te wai me te hukapapa). Muri iho, whakanohoia te inemahana ki roto i tētahi ipu kei roto te wai me te hukapapa.
I te tuatahi, ka pā te inemahana ki te hau kia wera ake ai te inemahana i te hukapapa. I muri i te whakaurunga ki roto i tētahi ipu, ka whakaitihia te roa o te pou o te konukōre nā te mea ka mātao ake te ranunga o te wai me te hukapapa. Waiho kia kore e rerekē te roa o te pou o te konukōre (kāore te mata o te konukōre e neke). Ina kore e rerekē te roa o te pou o te konukōre, ka noho te ranunga o ngā poraka hukapapa me te wai i roto i te taurite wera. Tohua te tūranga o te pou konukōre (tohua te pito o runga o te pou konukōre). Koinei te pāmahana o te pūwāhi hukapapa, te pūwāhi tio rānei o te wai. Tuaono, kohuatia te wai mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakamahana hiko. Whakauruhia te inemahana ki roto i tētahi ipu kei roto te wai wera. Ina wera ake te wai, ina piki ake rānei te pāmahana o te wai, ka piki ake hoki te roa o te pou konukōre (ka neke ake te mata o te konukōre). I muri i te kohua o te wai, ka mutu te neke o te mata o te konukōre. Tohua te pito o te pou konukōre. Koinei te pāmahana o te pūwāhi koropupū o te wai, o te pūwāhi kohu rānei.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te hanga i tētahi tauine Celsius, ka wehea te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā tohu e rua kia 100 ngā rārangi, me rite te tawhiti i waenganui i ia rārangi. Ko te tohu o raro = 0 ° C, ko te tohu o runga = 100 ° C. Tirohia te ahua kei te taha. Ko te pāmahana o te pūwāhi hukapapa me te pāmahana o te pūwāhi kohu ka whakawhirinaki ki te pēhanga hau. Nō reira, ko te inemahana kua whakaritea ki tētahi wāhi he rerekē te pēhanga hau ka puta he hua rerekē. Ko ngā inemahana mercury e whakamahia whānuitia ana ka whakaritea ki te pēhanga hau kotahi kia 0 ° C te pāmahana tio o te wai, ā, ko te pāmahana kohua he 100 ° C. Ko ngā inemahana noa pērā i ngā inemahana mercury, i ngā inemahana waipiro rānei he iti noa iho. Kāore e taea te whakamahi i te inemahana hei ine i ngā pāmahana tino iti (i raro iho i te 0 ° C) i ngā pāmahana tino teitei rānei (i runga ake i te 100 ° C).
3. Ngā pauna pāmahana
Kia whakamahia ai he inemahana hei ine i te pāmahana, me whakatakoto he tauine pāmahana. E rua ngā tauine pāmahana e whakamahia ana, tae atu ki te tauine Celsius me te tauine Fahrenheit. Ko tētahi atu ingoa mō te tauine Celsius ko te tauine centigrade. Centigrade = kotahi rau ngā hikoinga. Ko te tauine pāmahana e tino hiahiatia ana i roto i te ao pūtaiao ko te tauine tino, ko te tauine Kelvin rānei. Ka kōrerohia te tauine Kelvin i muri mai. Ko ngā pūwāhi pumau o te tauine Celsius me te tauine Fahrenheit e whakamahi ana i te ira tio me te ira kohua o te wai. Ko te ira tio o tētahi matū ko te pāmahana kei reira ngā āhua totoka me ngā āhua wai i roto i te taurite wera. I tetahi atu taha, ko te ira kohua o tētahi matū ko te pāmahana kei reira ngā āhua wai me ngā āhua hau i roto i te taurite wera. Ka huri tonu te ira tio me te ira kohua me te pēhanga hau, nō reira me whakatau tuatahi te pēhanga hau. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia e mātou te pēhanga paerewa, arā, 1 atm (kotahi te hau). Ko te hau he kotahi waeine o te pēhanga hau.
Tauine 3.1 Celsius
Ko te pūwāhi pumau i runga ake i te tauine Celsius e whakamahi ana i te pūwāhi kohua o te wai parakore, ko te pūwāhi pumau i raro iho i te tauine Celsius e whakamahi ana i te pūwāhi tio o te wai parakore. Ko te pāmahana tio o te wai parakore (e mōhiotia ana ko te pūwāhi hukapapa) he kore nekehanga Celsius (0 oC) ā, ko te pāmahana o te pūwāhi koropupū o te wai parakore (e mōhiotia ana ko te pūwāhi kohu) he kotahi rau nekehanga Celsius (100 oC). I waenganui i ngā pūwāhi hukapapa me ngā pūwāhi kohu, e 100 ngā nekehanga. I roto i ngā inemahana e whakamahi ana i te tauine Celsius, ko te tauine pāmahana i raro iho i te pāmahana pūwāhi hukapapa ka tohua ki te tau kino.
Tauine 3.2 Fahrenheit
E hiahia ana a Fahrenheit kia pai ngā tauine pāmahana. Nō reira, i whiriwhiria e ia te 0 o F mō te pāmahana o te ranunga o te hukapapa me te wai tote (te pāmahana makariri rawa atu ka taea e te wai te eke). I te ine i te pāmahana o ngā pūwāhi hukapapa me ngā pūwāhi kohu, he hautau ngā tau e whakaaturia ana i te tauine Fahrenheit. Hei whakamutunga, i whakarerekē anō ia i te tauine kia tauoti te pāmahana o te pūwāhi hukapapa me te pūwāhi kohu.
Mō te tauine Fahrenheit, ko te pāmahana tio o te wai parakore (te ira hukapapa) he 32 nekehanga Fahrenheit (32 oF) ā, ko te pāmahana kohua o te wai parakore (ira kohu) he 212 nekehanga Fahrenheit (212 oF). I waenganui i ngā pūwāhi hukapapa me te kohu, e 180 ngā nekehanga. Ko te wai parakore he wai kāore i konatunatua ki ētahi atu matū. Ko te H parakore20. Ina kīia he pāmahana motuhake, ka kiia ko Celsius (oC) Fahrenheit rānei (oTauira: te pāmahana wai wera = 100 oC, 180 rānei oF. Te pāmahana o tōku tinana = 98 oF. I tetahi atu taha, ki te mea kei te kī tātou he huringa pāmahana, he rerekētanga pāmahana rānei, ka kiia e tātou he tohu Celsius (Co) te tohu Fahrenheit rānei (Fo). Tauira: ko te pāmahana wai tīmatanga he 20 oC. Kia wera, ka huri te pāmahana ki te 50 oC. Nō reira, ka pāngia te wai e te huringa pāmahana o te 30 nekehanga Celsius (30 Co).
