Ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga
I roto i ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga elastic, ka whai mana te ture tiaki o te nekehanga, engari kāore e whai mana te ture tiaki o te pūngao nekeneke. I te wā e puta ai he tukinga, ka hurihia ētahi pūngao nekeneke hei pūngao oro, hei pūngao wera, hei pūngao ā-roto hoki. Ko te whakamahinga o te kupu elastic e tohu ana i muri i te tukinga, kāore ngā mea e rua e piri tahi engari e pekepeke atu.
Ko tētahi tauira o te tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga ko te tukinga kotahi-ahu o ngā māpere e rua, o ngā pōro puna kaukau rānei e rua.
Tauira pātai 1.
Ko ngā taonga A me B, he 1 kg me te 2 kg te taumaha, ka neke i ngā taha rerekē i ngā tere o te 4 m/s me te 2 m/s, ā, ka tukinga i roto i te tukinga ā-wāhanga. Mena i muri i te tukinga ka neke te taonga A i te tere o te 2 m/s, he aha te tere o te taonga B?
Mōhiotia:
m A = 1 kg, m B = 2 kg, v A = 4 m/s (tērā pea ki te taha matau), v B = -2 m/s (tērā pea ki te taha maui), v A ' = – 2 m/s
E hiahiatia ana: v B '
Rongoā:
m A v A + m B v B = m A v A ' + m B v B '
(1 kg)(4 m/s) + (2 kg)(-2 m/s) = (1 kg)(-2 m/s) + (2 kg)(v B ')
4 kg m/s – 4 kg m/s = -2 kg m/s + (2 kg) v B '
0 = – 2 kg m/s + (2 kg)(v B ')
-2 kg m/s = – 2 kg v B '
v B ' = 1 m/s
I muri i te tukinga, ka neke te mea B i te tere o te 1 m/s (mehemea ki te taha matau) ā, ka neke te mea A i te tere o te 2 m/s (mehemea ki te taha maui)
Tauira pātai 2.
Ko ngā taonga A me B, he 4-kg me te 5-kg te taumaha, e whakatata ana tetahi ki tetahi i te taha rerekē, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. I muri i te tukinga, i hurihia te ahunga o ngā taonga e rua me te tere o A = 4 ms -1 me te tere o B = 2 ms – 1. He aha te tere o te taonga B i mua i te tukinga?
Mōhiotia:
Papatipu o te mea A (mA) = 4 kirokaramu
Taumaha o te mea B (m B ) = 5 kg
Te tere o te mea A i mua i te tukinga (v A ) = 6 m/s
Te tere o te mea A i muri i te tukinga (v A ') = 4 m/s
Te tere o te mea B i muri i te tukinga (v B ') = -2 m/s
Ko ngā tohu tāpiri me ngā tohu tango e tohu ana e neke ana ngā mea e rua i ngā ahunga rerekē.
E hiahiatia ana: Te tere o te mea B i mua i te tukinga (v B )
Rongoā:
m A v A + m B v B = m A v A ' + m B v B '
(4)(6) + (5)(-2) = (4)(4) + (5)(v B ')
24 – 10 = 16 + 5(v B ')
14 – 16 = 5 (v B ')
-2 = 5 (v B ')
v B ' = -2/5
v B ' = -0.4
Ko te tohu tango e tohu ana he rerekē te ahunga o te mea i muri i te tukinga i te ahunga i mua i te tukinga.
Tauira pātai 3.
E whakatata mai ana ngā mea e rua he rite te taumaha tetahi ki tetahi, e ai ki te pikitia i raro nei.
Mena ko v 2 ' te tere o te mea (2) i muri i te tukinga ki te taha matau me te tere o te 5 ms –1 , he aha te tere o te mea kotahi v 1 ' (1) i muri i te tukinga?
Mōhiotia:
Papatipu o ia mea = m
Te tere o te mea 1 i mua i te tukinga (v 1 ) = 8 m/s
Te tere o te mea 2 i mua i te tukinga (v 2 ) = 10 m/s
Te tere o te mea 2 i muri i te tukinga (v 2 ') = 5 m/s
E hiahiatia ana: Te tere o te mea 1 i muri i te tukinga (v 1 ')
Rongoā:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = m 1 v 1 ' + m 2 v 2 '
m (v 1 + v 2 ) = m (v 1 ' + v 2 ')
v1 + v2 = v1 ' + v2 '
8 + 10 = v 1 ' + 5
18 = v 1 ' + 5
v1 ' = 18-5
v 1 ' = 13 m/s
20 ngā pātai ariā me ngā whakautu mō ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga erosive:
1. Pātai: He aha te tukinga ā-wāhanga elastic? Whakautu: Ko te tukinga ā-wāhanga elastic he tukinga e tiakina ana te pūngao nekeneke, engari kāore i te katoa. Ka pekepeke ngā mea tetahi ki tetahi engari kāore i te rite ki ō rātou pūngao nekeneke tīmatanga katoa.
2. Pātai: He aha te rerekētanga o te tukinga ā-wāhanga i te tukinga tino ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: I roto i te tukinga tino ā-wāhanga, ka tiakina te pūngao nekeneke katoa, engari i roto i te tukinga ā-wāhanga, ka tiakina te wāhanga anake o te pūngao nekeneke.
3. Pātai: He aha ngā mea e toe ana i roto i tētahi tukinga ngāwari-ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Ka noho tonu te nekehanga i roto i ngā momo tukinga katoa, tae atu ki ngā mea ngāwari-ā-wāhanga.
4. Pātai: Me pēhea te whakamahi i te tauwehenga whakahoki, , hei whakaahua i te ngāwari o te tukinga? Whakautu: Mō ngā tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga, 0<�<1 Ko te tata atu ki te 1, ko te ngāwari ake o te tukinga.
5. Pātai: Ka taea te nui ake i te 1 te tauwehenga whakahoki? Whakautu: Kāo. Ko te tauwehenga whakakapinga nui ake i te 1 e tohu ana he nui ake te pūngao nekeneke i muri i te tukinga i tō mua, ā, ka takahi tēnei i te tiakitanga pūngao.
6. Pātai: He aha te kore e tiakina te pūngao nekeneke katoa i roto i ngā tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Ka hurihia ētahi pūngao nekeneke ki ētahi atu āhua, pērā i te oro, te wera, te whakarerekētanga rānei o ngā mea.
7. Pātai: Me pēhea te whakatau i te nui o te pūngao nekeneke e puritia ana i roto i tētahi tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Mā te whakatairite i te pūngao nekeneke katoa i mua me muri i te tukinga.
8. Pātai: Ka puta tonu he oro i ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga elastic? Whakautu: Kāore i te katoa, engari ka puta te oro nā ngā wiri i puta mai i te tukinga.
9. Pātai: He aha te mea ka pā ki te pūngao nekeneke kāore i tiakina i roto i te tukinga ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: I te nuinga o te wā ka hurihia hei momo pūngao kē atu pērā i te wera, te oro, te pūngao pūmanawa rānei nā te whakarerekētanga.
10. Pātai: He aha te pānga o te hanganga rauemi ki te ngāwari o te tukinga? Whakautu: Ko ētahi rauemi, pērā i te rapa, ka pāngia e ngā tukinga ngāwari ake, ko ētahi, pērā i te uku, ka noho kore ngāwari. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā tukinga o te ao tūturu he ngāwari ā-wāhanga nā ngā āhuatanga o ngā rauemi me ētahi atu āhuatanga.
11. Pātai: Ka taea e ngā pōro maitai e rua te whakaatu i tētahi tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Āe. Ahakoa te āhua nei he tukinga ngāwari tata tonu ngā pōro maitai, he iti noa te ngaronga o te pūngao, ā, he ngāwari ā-wāhanga.
12. Pātai: E kiia ana he āhua pīngore te tukinga o te Ao ki te meteorite? Whakautu: Ae. Kāore te pānga e tiaki i te pūngao nekeneke katoa nā te mea ka hurihia ētahi hei wera, hei oro, ā, ka hangaia he rua.
13. Pātai: Ka taea te whai tukinga ā-wāhanga i roto i te korehau? Whakautu: Āe. Ahakoa te kore ātete hau, ka taea e ngā āhuatanga o roto o ngā tinana e tukinga ana te arahi ki te ngaronga pūngao.
14. Pātai: He aha te pānga o ngā kaha o waho, pērā i te waku, ki te ngāwari o te tukinga? Whakautu: Ka taea e ngā kaha o waho te tohatoha i te kaha nekeneke nui ake, ka kore e ngāwari te tukinga.
15. Pātai: He mahi whai hua kei reira e tino hira ana te mārama ki ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Ae, i roto i ngā hākinakina, te hangarau, me te tātari aituā waka, he mea nui te mārama ki ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga.
16. Pātai: He aha ngā kaihanga waka e ako ana i ngā tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Hei hoahoa i ngā waka ka taea te mimiti pai i te kaha pānga, hei tiaki i ngā kainoho i te wā o ngā tukinga.
17. Pātai: Ka taea te kī he āhua ngāwari ā-wāhanga ngā taunekeneke matūriki i te taumata matūriki? Whakautu: Āe. Ahakoa e whakauruhia ana e te miihini matūriki ngā āhuatanga hou, ka taea tonu e ngā matūriki te pāngia e ngā taunekeneke i te wāhi kāore e tiakina katoatia te pūngao nekeneke.
18. Pātai: He aha te hononga o ngā taunekeneke ngota ki ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Ka taea e ngā ngota te pāngia e ngā tukinga ā-wāhanga ina pā tetahi ki tetahi, ka whakawhiti i ētahi pūngao hei wiri, hei hurihanga rānei o ngā ngota.
19. Pātai: E whakaatu ana te pekepeke poitūkohu i runga i te papa tākaro i te tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga? Whakautu: Āe. Ka ngaro ētahi pūngao hei oro, ā, nā te āhua rerekē o te pōro, ka ngāwari ā-wāhanga te tukinga.
20. Pātai: He aha te pānga o te pāmahana ki te ngāwari o ngā tukinga i roto i ngā hau? Whakautu: I te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka tere ake te neke o ngā ngota hau, ā, ka kaha ake te tukinga. Heoi, ko te ngāwari o ēnei tukinga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga ngota, ā, kāore e pā tika ana ki te pāmahana.
Mā te mārama ki ngā tukinga ngāwari ā-wāhanga ka mārama ki ngā momo āhuatanga o ia rā, tae atu ki ngā mahi motuhake ki te ahupūngao me te hangarau.
